Talk given at Lahore University of Technology, Nov 2016. some insights into flow of technologies and how it is acquited.

1. PAKISTAN & TECHNOLOGY
TRANSFER
IMTIAZ RASTGAR
8TH NOV 2016
UMT Lahore Seminar

2. MARKET PULL
• MARKET PULL DEFINES TECHNOLOGY
REQUIREMENTS

3. GLOBAL APPROACH
• National Export Reach Ambitions
• Global Tech Scenarios
• All Encompassing ProductS
– Automotive
– Aerospace
– Food Grain

4. PAY FOR EXPERTISE
• Business People Must Be Ready To Pay For
– Licences
– Marketing Rights
– Consulting
– Franchises

5. REVERSE ENGINEERING
• Reverse Engineering of products which are
already well accepted in markets is easiest
way to adopt and improve technology.
• From 1950-2010 Following Countries Grew By
Blatant Reverse Engineering
– Japan
– Korea
– China

6. PRIVATE SECTOR
• Large Scale Manufacturing Must Lead
• CORPORATE PLANNING
• TECHNOLOGY FORESIGHTS
• Unfortunately LSM Is Largely Foreign
Controlled
– Auto, Food, Retails etc

7. CHAMBERS OF COMMERCE
&
TRADE BODIES
• CLUSTERS
• TECHNOLOGY ROAD MAP OF CLUSTERS
• FILLING THE GAPS
• SECTOR OR CLUSTER FORESIGHT

8. CHINA 1991
• DIGESTING 5000 LICENSE AGREEMENTS &
JOINT VENTURES
• UNABASHED COPYING
• GOVT. IGNORING IP INFRINGEMENTS
• FROM CUSTOMS TO CORPORATE
GOVERNANCE GOVT. ASSISTING TECH THEFT
• PAK TO CHINA TECH TRANSFER

9. KOREA 1980’S
• TARGET TO CATCH UP WITH JAPAN BY 2000
• SUB CONTRACT WORK FOR JAPANESE
• PURCHASED FULL MANUFACTURING PLANTS
FROM JAPAN
• DREW ON KOREAN WORKERS EMPLOYED IN
JAPAN
• INDUSTRIAL ESPIONAGE !
• AN ARMY OF MID CAREER PROFESSIONALS SENT
TO US IVY LEAGUE UNIVERSITIES RETUNRED TO
TRANSFORM THE KOREAN CHAEBOL !

10. HOW DAEWOO DID IT
• THE STORY OF DAEWOO RACER & BEYOND

11. HOW HYUNDAI DID IT
• HYUNDAI MACHINE TOOLS STORY
COMPLETE
MINAKAMO PLANT
OF MAZAK
PURCHASED AND
TRANSFERRED TO BUSAN
KOREA 1991

12. NATIONAL TECHNICAL FORESIGHT
• THRUST AREAS
• CLUSTERS TO GROW
• CLUSTER TECHNOLOGY FORESIGHT
• CLUSTER TECHNOLOGY REVIEW/
• COMPARISON WITH COMPETING GLOBAL
CLUSTERS

13. CLUSTER FORMATION AROUND
UNIVERSITIES
• BASQUE REGION SPAIN:
http://www.spri.eus/en/technology
• BAVAIRIAN AEROSPACE CLUSTER
• http://www.eacp-aero.eu/index.php?id=33
• SEATTLE AEROSPACE CLUSTER & UNIVERSITY
OF WASHINGTON
• AIR UNIVERSITY PAKISTAN CREATING Rs. 3 BIL
CAMPUS AT KAMRA

14. BAVAIRIAN AEROSPACE CLUSTER
http://www.eacp-aero.eu/index.php?id=33
• Facts & Figures
– Number of companies 550 (out of which 90% are SMEs)
– Number of employees 61.000 (incl. airlines/airports)
– Number of research institutes Research: 18
– Other cluster members
• Cluster Management : e.V. (association)
• Financing Public funding from Bavarian state
government (60%), member fees, consulting & project
funding, EU sources (40%)

15. Bavaria:
• Main industry actors EADS Defence & Security, Eurocopter, MTU aero engines,
Premium Aerotec, Diehl, Liebherr, IABG, EADS Astrium, MT Aerospace, Kayser-
Threde, Grob Aircraft
• Main research institutes,DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, TU München, Universität der
Bundeswehr, various Fraunhofer Institutes, Max Planck Institutes, Hochschule
München
•
• The Bavarian aerospace cluster covers almost complete value chains in various
aerospace segments. Bavaria´s strengths are the manufacture of aero engines,
aerostructures, weapons systems, “more electric aircraft” components, avionics
components, aircraft interiors, cargo compartment solutions, simulation & training
systems, avionics, satellites, launcher components, GMES.
• Science & Research
• Details confidential, research projects with involvement of bavAIRia, the cluster
management organisation, in the project initiation process were started and are
prepared in the fields of “more electric engine”, “more electric aircraft”,
aerostructures, avionics, aircraft interiors, cargo compartment solutions, avionics,
small and micro satellites, GMES, mainly funded by regional and national funds.

16. Bavaria:
• Science & Research
• Details confidential, research projects with
involvement of bavAIRia, the cluster
management organisation, in the project
initiation process were started and are
prepared in the fields of “more electric
engine”, “more electric aircraft”,
aerostructures, avionics, aircraft interiors,
cargo compartment solutions, avionics, small
and micro satellites, GMES, mainly funded by
regional and national funds.

17. Bavaria: International Collaboration
• Region of Quebec
• Bangalore
• Abu Dhabi
• Shanghai
• Russia
Main Challenges
Strong participation of smaller players (< 1.000 employees) in
global supply chains • delegations to, partnerships with
international regions with strong OEMs
Workforce • initiation of various projects at regional and national
level

18. • Bavaria: Strengths & Competences
• The Bavarian aerospace cluster covers almost
complete value chains in various aerospace
segments. Bavaria´s strengths are the
manufacture of aero engines, aerostructures,
weapons systems, “more electric aircraft”
components, avionics components, aircraft
interiors, cargo compartment solutions,
simulation & training systems, avionics,
satellites, launcher components, GMES.

19. • Basque Tech Cluster
• Technological innovation means actions and
instruments that enable the systematic
incorporation of knowledge or technology into
companies. It facilitates company differentiation
and is a key competitiveness factor.
• The technological innovation system in the
Basque Country is one of the basic pillars of its
competitiveness. The innovative capability of its
business fabric stands out due to its high degree
of participation in R&D activities; not in vain, it
has 67% of researchers working in its
organisations, and accounting for 75.4% of R&D
expenditure.

20. • This has been possible thanks to the
implementation of a planned strategy in
Science, Technology and Innovation Policies,
reflected in the constant investment in R&D
carried out by the Basque Government, even
in times of budgetary restrictions like those
we have been through.
•

22. Thank You
FB: @imtiazrastgar
www.irastgar.com