1. PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS
FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF SMALL-
SCALE LIVESTOCK KEEPERS
Ilse Köhler-Rollefson, Kamal Kishore,
Günther Czerkus, Hanwant Singh

2. The world‘s small-scale livestock
keepers may be „poor“, but
they have valuable resources:
• Traditional Ecological Knowledge
• Locally Adapted breeds

3. Domestic Animal Diversity
• Livestock breed diversity is very high in
pastoralist areas
• Pastoralist groups have developed their own
distinct breeds (e.g. Boran cattle, Mashona
cattle, Nguni cattle, Gaddi goat, Somali and
Red Maasai sheep).
• These breeds are repositories of very important
genes (for disease resistance,
hardiness,fertility, etc.)

4. The livestock of pastoralists
• walk for miles in harsh terrain to seek out scattered, spiky, fibrous
plants that survive in areas where crops could never be grown.
• take droughts and hunger in their stride and act as insurance
• are social animals in the true sense – living in a herd, responding to
the voice of their keepers, and defending their young against
predators.
• are part and parcel of their respective eco-systems and provide a host
of environmental services
• produce delicious and healthy food as well as a range of other organic
products

5. SUCH BREEDS ARE THE FOUNDATION
FOR GREEN AND EQUITABLE LIVESTOCK
DEVELOPMENT !

6. Why?
„GREEN“
• Don‘t require concentrate, but
can utilize bio-diverse, natural
vegetation
• Are resistant to disease –use
of antibiotcs can be minimized
• Can be kept in systems that
are compatible with notions of
animal welfare
• No fossil fuels needed (for
fertilizer, transport of feed,
etc.)
EQUITABLE
• Have been developed and
stewarded by PEOPLE for
generations
• Reproduc e naturally
• Represent cultural heritage
• Require no huge investment in
infrastructure
• Low risk

7. Example: Thar Desert in India

8. “The main wealth of the desert lands consists of the vast herds of camels,
cattle, and sheep which roam over its sandy wastes and thrive admirably in
the dry climate…. Horned cattle are reared in such numbers that they supply
the neighbouring States and Provinces; they are almost wild and in excellent
condition, but when taken out of the country, languish and get thin unless
provided with grain and condiments to make up for the loss of rich grasses on
which they had been accustomed to feed.” (Rajputana Gazzetteers, 1902)

9. Tharparkar cattle
Stored

10. Jaisalmeri sheep

11. Marwari goat

12. Jaisalmeri dromedary breed

13. Camel Forage Plants
36 Camel forage plants: containing phytochemicals and most of them
with proven medicinal value

14. Jaisalmeri Ghee
 Sale price is 70% higher.
 The taste panel found it to
be better both as raw and
cooked for taste and
aroma.
 The laboratory analysis
showed significantly
higher contents of vitamin
A,E and carotenoids.

15. Table showing taste panel results
Character Jaisalemeri ghee Commercial Ghee
Appearance 7.58 2.46
Flavour 7.80 2.02
Aroma 8.00 2.02
Based on scale of 1 to 8

16. Table showing the fatty acid and the
vitamin composition of ghee
Name of fatty acid Jaisalmeri
ghee
Commercial ghee
butyric acid C4:0 % by mass 2.1 0.2
caporic acid C6:0 % by mass 1.7 1.5
caprylic acid C8:0 % by mass 1.2 0.7
capric acid C10:0 % by mass 3.1 1.4
lauric acid C12:0 % by mass 2.7 2
tridecanoic acid C13:0 % by mass 0.1 0.1
myristic acid C14:0 % by mass 9.8 9.9
myristoleic acid C14:1 % by mass 1.2 0.6
pentadecanoic acid C15:0 % by mass 1.7 1.3
palmitic acid C16:0 % by mass 30 32.6
palmitoleic acid C16:1 % by mass 1.8 1.7
heptadecanoic acid C17:0 % by mass 1.1 0.9
cis-heptacanoic acid C17:1 % by mass 0.5 0.4

17. CONTINUED
stearic acid C18:0 % by mass 20.3 11.4
oleic acid cisC18:1 % by mass 27.2 25
linoelaidic acid C18:2 % by mass 0.6 0.3
linoleic acid cis C18:2 % by mass 2.4 5.8
omega-linolenic
acid
cis C18:3 % by mass 0.6 0.7
arachidic acid C20:0 % by mass 0.4 0.7
eicosenic acid C20:1 % by mass 0.1 0.3
arachidonic acid C20:4 % by mass 0.1 0
heneicosanoic acid C21:0 % by mass 0.1 0.1
behenic acid C22:0 % by mass 0.2 0.6
tricosanoic acid C23:0 % by mass 0.1 0.1
lignoceric acid C24:0 % by mass 0.1 0.1
0.1

18. contd
vitamin A mg/Kg 19.2 18.3
vitamin D3 mg/Kg 0 0
vitamin E mg/Kg 166.9 131.3
carotenoids mg/Kg 2.7 0.2

19. Jaiselmeri Goat Meat
 The meat sold at 25%
higher prices than the
goat meat imported from
adjoining districts.
 The taste panel conducted
outside the district
showed significantly
higher aroma, flavour,
texture and overall
palatability than that from
local goats.

20. Camel products

21. Lesson learnt:
• Establishment of value chains benefits not
only the producers of the raw materials
(camel breeders), but creates a myriad of rural
job opportunities for processors, especially
women.

22. Local breeds are a long-term business
opportunity
• Consumers increasingly
concerned about
animal welfare and
health issues
• Low-input costs
• Independence from
fossil fuels
Let us ensure that livestock
keepers get the opportunity to
capitalize on them!

23. But livestock keepers can not do it
alone
Livestock
keepers
• Manage natural
and genetic
resources
• Own the resources
Green,
equitable
livestock
development

24. They need supportive policies and a
level playing field with industries
Livestock
keepers
•Manage natural and
genetic resources
•Own the resources
Public
Sector
•Provide enabling
environment for keepers
and processors
•Pay for environmental
services
•Ensure rights over
resources
Green,
equitable
livestock
development

25. They also need technological and
marketing expertise
Livestock
keepers
•Manage natural and
genetic resources
•Own the resources
Public
Sector
•Provide enabling
environment for keepers
and processors
•Pays for environmental
services
Private
sector
•Provide technological
expertise
• help with market
linkages
Green,
equitable
livestock
development

26. What livestock keepers want…..
• “Livestock Keepers shall
have the right to
appropriate training
and capacity building
and equal access to
relevant services
enabling and supporting
them to raise livestock
and to better process
and market their
products.”

27. European shepherds demand:
Recognition and payment of their role in
biodiversity conservation, maintenance of
soil health, water purification
1. Step: Quantification of their ecological
contributions
2. Step: Setting up a payment mechanism

28. Thanks to
Funding Partners
• Ford Foundation
• Misereor
• Fondation d‘entreprise Hermès
Collaborators:
• LIFE Network India, SAVES, LIFE-Africa
• Kamal Kishore, Hanwant Singh, Günther Czerkus