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Dr. Sümeyra AYIK
TURK 104
02.03.2022 (2)
BASIC RULES
8 Turkish vowels are: “a, e, ı, i, o, ö, u, ü”.
GELECEK ZAMAN
Fiil + ecek/acak+ iyelik eki
Turkish future tense uses the suffixes "acak" and "ecek". The
future tense verb contains the verb root, "acak" or "ecek" and
the personal suffix.
• Ben yaz-acak-ım yazacağım
• Sen yaz-acak-sın
• O yaz-acak
• Biz yaz-acak-ız yazacağız
• Siz yaz-acak-sınız
• Onlar yaz-acak-lar
Words ending in -p, -ç, -t, or -k undergo sound changes when suffixes beginning with
vowels
are added to them. In these cases, -p, -ç, -t, and -k become -b, -c, -d, and -ğ
respectively.
This change occurs in both writing and pronunciation.
We obtain the verb root by
removing the "mak/mek"
from the infinitive form.
• For example, the verb
root of "yazmak" would be
"yaz",
• "izlemek" would be "izle"
• "başlamak" would be
"başla".
If the verb root ends in a vowel, we add a "y" before "acak/ecek"
as two vowels cannot be placed side by side. Furthermore, for
"Ben" and "Biz", the "k" at the end of "acak/ecek" turns into a "ğ"
since the letter immediately after it is a vowel.
Okumak
Oku
Ben oku-y-acağım.
Sen oku-y-acaksın.
O oku-y-acak.
Biz oku-y-acağız.
Siz oku-y-acaksınız.
Onlar oku-y-acaklar.
The letter "y" indicated inside square brackets [y] in
the table above should be added when the last letter of
the verb root is a vowel:
• To form a positive future tense verb, we start off with the verb root. We attach one of
"acak/ecek" based on the last vowel found in the verb root. Finally we attach the personal suffix.
(OLUMSUZ)
GELECEK ZAMAN
Kural:
Fiil + ma + y + ecek +
Şahıs Eki
im
sin
-
ız
sınız
lar,ler
me acak
Fiil+ma/me+acak/ecek+iyelik eki
• Ben oyna-ma-y-acak-ım oynamayacağım
• Sen oyna-ma-y-acak-sın
• O oynamayacak
• Biz oynamayacağız
• Siz oynamayacaksınız
• Onlar oynamayacaklar
a,ı,o,u: ma
e,i,ö,ü: me
acak
Buffer Letter “y”
‘’y’’bağlacı ünsüzü
BEN
BIZ
ece
aca
ğ k
ğ
im
ız
Ben gitmeyeceğim
Biz kalmayacağız
Ben gel me y eceğ im
Sen gel me y ecek sin
O gel me y ecek -
Biz gel me y eceğ iz
Siz gel me y ecek siniz
Onlar gel me y ecek ler
y
Ben koş ma acağ ım
Biz koş ma acağ ız
y
iz
siniz
ler
For negative future tense, we attach one of "ma/me" to the
verb root based on its last vowel. We would then add the
future tense suffix "acak/ecek", but because this would place
two vowels side by side we have to add a "y" in the middle.
Unlike for positive, this "y" will always be there no matter
what the verb root is. Finally we add the personal suffix.
The genitive case
The genitive case creates a possessive relationship between the nominal element
to which itis attached (such as nouns, pronouns, verbal nouns, or participles) and
another nominal element. The first nominal usually, but not always, immediately
precedes the second nominal. The genitive case suffix is usually translated into
English with of or 's.
WE NEED A MINIMUM OF TWO NOUNS
These are the compound nouns both of whose elements take a suffix. In this
type of compound nouns, there is always a specific relationship like
'possession' between the two nouns.
The first noun takes the genitive suffix -(n*)in, while the second noun, -(s*)i,
the possessive suffix for the third person singular.
These suffixes may slightly vary, depending on the vowel harmony; thus a
genitive suffix can be -(n)in, -(n)ın, -(n)un or -(n)ün, and the first person
singular suffix, -(s)i, -(s)ı, -(s)u or -(s)ü.
"Bursa'nın şeftalisi ünlüdür."
"Bahçenin duvarı rengarenk."
BELİRTİLİ İSİM TAMLAMASI
1.isim(tamlayan) +(n)ın,(n)in,(n)un,(n)ün
eklerini alır.
2.isim(tamlanan) +(s)ı, (s)i, (s)u, (s)ü
eklerini alır.
Örnekler :
Okulun arabası
Müdürün odası
Kapının kolu
Öğrencinin ceketi
Sınıfın başkanı
Bahadır’ın kitabı
Amira’nın annesi
• Okulun bahçesi nerede?
• Ali duvarın boyasını beğenmedi.
• Yarın havanın ısısı düşecek.
Aşağıdaki belirtili isim tamlamalarının uygun olan eklerini siz
yerleştirin.
 Okul bahçe (Okulun bahçesi)
 Öğrenci silgi
 Futbolcu top
 Kapı kol
 Doktor çanta
Aşağıdaki soruları okuyunuz ve
tekrar ediniz
• Each personal suffix has more than one
form(spelling). We choose the correct form of the
personal suffix based on the last vowel of the
noun/adjective. This is done to preserve vowel
harmony:
To form a question we utilize variations of the word "mi"
together with personal suffixes. We choose one of mı/mi/mu/mü.
This is done to preserve vowel harmony:
Dil Bilgisi
Ben askerim.
Ben dişçiyim.
Sen dişçisin.
O dişçi.
Biz dişçiyiz.
Siz dişçisiniz.
Aşağıdaki kelimeleri tekrarlayarak pratik
yapınız.
1. avukat
2. ressam
3. tamirci
4. berber
5. boyacı
6. mimar
7. postacı
8. dişçi
9. hemşire
10. öğretmen
11. şoför
12. doktor
i
Aşağıdaki kelimeleri eşleştiriniz
1. dayim postacı
2. ben öğrenciyim
3. annem doktor
4. dedem emekli
5. teyzem öğretmen
6. aşçı
7. işçi
8. kaptan
9. marangoz
10. öğretmen
a. okula gidiyorum
b. o çalışmıyor
c. O okulda çalışıyor
postahanede çalışıyor
d. hastahanede çalışıyor
e. gemi
f. fabrika
g. okul
h. lokanta
i. atölye
YDOT 104 02-03 Mart (2).pptx

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YDOT 104 02-03 Mart (2).pptx

  • 1. Dr. Sümeyra AYIK TURK 104 02.03.2022 (2)
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6. BASIC RULES 8 Turkish vowels are: “a, e, ı, i, o, ö, u, ü”.
  • 8. Fiil + ecek/acak+ iyelik eki Turkish future tense uses the suffixes "acak" and "ecek". The future tense verb contains the verb root, "acak" or "ecek" and the personal suffix. • Ben yaz-acak-ım yazacağım • Sen yaz-acak-sın • O yaz-acak • Biz yaz-acak-ız yazacağız • Siz yaz-acak-sınız • Onlar yaz-acak-lar Words ending in -p, -ç, -t, or -k undergo sound changes when suffixes beginning with vowels are added to them. In these cases, -p, -ç, -t, and -k become -b, -c, -d, and -ğ respectively. This change occurs in both writing and pronunciation.
  • 9. We obtain the verb root by removing the "mak/mek" from the infinitive form. • For example, the verb root of "yazmak" would be "yaz", • "izlemek" would be "izle" • "başlamak" would be "başla".
  • 10. If the verb root ends in a vowel, we add a "y" before "acak/ecek" as two vowels cannot be placed side by side. Furthermore, for "Ben" and "Biz", the "k" at the end of "acak/ecek" turns into a "ğ" since the letter immediately after it is a vowel.
  • 11. Okumak Oku Ben oku-y-acağım. Sen oku-y-acaksın. O oku-y-acak. Biz oku-y-acağız. Siz oku-y-acaksınız. Onlar oku-y-acaklar.
  • 12.
  • 13. The letter "y" indicated inside square brackets [y] in the table above should be added when the last letter of the verb root is a vowel:
  • 14. • To form a positive future tense verb, we start off with the verb root. We attach one of "acak/ecek" based on the last vowel found in the verb root. Finally we attach the personal suffix.
  • 15. (OLUMSUZ) GELECEK ZAMAN Kural: Fiil + ma + y + ecek + Şahıs Eki im sin - ız sınız lar,ler me acak
  • 16. Fiil+ma/me+acak/ecek+iyelik eki • Ben oyna-ma-y-acak-ım oynamayacağım • Sen oyna-ma-y-acak-sın • O oynamayacak • Biz oynamayacağız • Siz oynamayacaksınız • Onlar oynamayacaklar
  • 17. a,ı,o,u: ma e,i,ö,ü: me acak Buffer Letter “y” ‘’y’’bağlacı ünsüzü
  • 19. Ben gel me y eceğ im Sen gel me y ecek sin O gel me y ecek - Biz gel me y eceğ iz Siz gel me y ecek siniz Onlar gel me y ecek ler
  • 20. y Ben koş ma acağ ım Biz koş ma acağ ız y
  • 22. For negative future tense, we attach one of "ma/me" to the verb root based on its last vowel. We would then add the future tense suffix "acak/ecek", but because this would place two vowels side by side we have to add a "y" in the middle. Unlike for positive, this "y" will always be there no matter what the verb root is. Finally we add the personal suffix.
  • 23.
  • 24.
  • 25. The genitive case The genitive case creates a possessive relationship between the nominal element to which itis attached (such as nouns, pronouns, verbal nouns, or participles) and another nominal element. The first nominal usually, but not always, immediately precedes the second nominal. The genitive case suffix is usually translated into English with of or 's. WE NEED A MINIMUM OF TWO NOUNS
  • 26. These are the compound nouns both of whose elements take a suffix. In this type of compound nouns, there is always a specific relationship like 'possession' between the two nouns. The first noun takes the genitive suffix -(n*)in, while the second noun, -(s*)i, the possessive suffix for the third person singular. These suffixes may slightly vary, depending on the vowel harmony; thus a genitive suffix can be -(n)in, -(n)ın, -(n)un or -(n)ün, and the first person singular suffix, -(s)i, -(s)ı, -(s)u or -(s)ü. "Bursa'nın şeftalisi ünlüdür." "Bahçenin duvarı rengarenk."
  • 27.
  • 28. BELİRTİLİ İSİM TAMLAMASI 1.isim(tamlayan) +(n)ın,(n)in,(n)un,(n)ün eklerini alır. 2.isim(tamlanan) +(s)ı, (s)i, (s)u, (s)ü eklerini alır.
  • 29. Örnekler : Okulun arabası Müdürün odası Kapının kolu Öğrencinin ceketi Sınıfın başkanı Bahadır’ın kitabı Amira’nın annesi
  • 30. • Okulun bahçesi nerede? • Ali duvarın boyasını beğenmedi. • Yarın havanın ısısı düşecek.
  • 31. Aşağıdaki belirtili isim tamlamalarının uygun olan eklerini siz yerleştirin.  Okul bahçe (Okulun bahçesi)  Öğrenci silgi  Futbolcu top  Kapı kol  Doktor çanta
  • 32.
  • 34.
  • 35. • Each personal suffix has more than one form(spelling). We choose the correct form of the personal suffix based on the last vowel of the noun/adjective. This is done to preserve vowel harmony:
  • 36.
  • 37.
  • 38.
  • 39.
  • 40. To form a question we utilize variations of the word "mi" together with personal suffixes. We choose one of mı/mi/mu/mü. This is done to preserve vowel harmony:
  • 41.
  • 44.
  • 45.
  • 46. Ben dişçiyim. Sen dişçisin. O dişçi. Biz dişçiyiz. Siz dişçisiniz.
  • 47.
  • 48.
  • 49.
  • 50.
  • 51.
  • 52.
  • 53.
  • 54.
  • 55.
  • 56.
  • 57. Aşağıdaki kelimeleri tekrarlayarak pratik yapınız. 1. avukat 2. ressam 3. tamirci 4. berber 5. boyacı 6. mimar 7. postacı 8. dişçi 9. hemşire 10. öğretmen 11. şoför 12. doktor i
  • 58. Aşağıdaki kelimeleri eşleştiriniz 1. dayim postacı 2. ben öğrenciyim 3. annem doktor 4. dedem emekli 5. teyzem öğretmen 6. aşçı 7. işçi 8. kaptan 9. marangoz 10. öğretmen a. okula gidiyorum b. o çalışmıyor c. O okulda çalışıyor postahanede çalışıyor d. hastahanede çalışıyor e. gemi f. fabrika g. okul h. lokanta i. atölye