By Anita Miya, Aga Khan Agency for Habitat

1. Biodiversity and Ecosystem-Based Climate
Change Adaptation – in Porbandar, India
Presentation by
Anita Miya
Head- Knowledge Management and Partnership

2. Climate Change is a major threat
“Climate change is a major threat to much of the developing
world, and it needs to be looked at with great care.
I have been more than worried - I say sincerely - more than
worried about situations where everybody, the local
population, have known for decades that they are living at
high risk, and nothing was done about it.”
His Highness Aga Khan IV
Published July 11, 2017

3. Steps taken by the international community
India prioritizes fighting climate change
under its G20 presidency
World Economic Forum makes
climate change a priority
COP 27 underlined commitments to strengthen
climate finance towards developing countries

4. Impact of Climate Change on India
• Globally, India is one of the 4
biggest contributors after US, China and
European Union of global emissions.
• In 25 years – India has over 1058 climatic
disasters – floods, heatwaves and
droughts
• In 2020 India lost 70,000 crore due to
natural disasters tropical cyclones, floods
and droughts according to World

5. Biodiversity and Ecosystem-Based Climate Change
Adaptation in Porbandar, India

6. • Better understanding of the climate induced risks and disasters leading to enhanced
resilience of coastal and marine ecosystems and their services.
• Trained Communities and Climate-adaptive livelihoods for enhanced resilience of
vulnerable coastal communities of 20 villages.
• Protecting and restoring ecosystems such as mangroves and other coastal species, to
ensure the flow of ecosystem services they provide.
• Strengthened governance and institutional framework for climate-resilient management
of coastal areas.
Project Objectives

7. 200 thousand plants in 40
acre of land

8. For better understanding of the climate induced risks for
community
Sensitization of community regarding impacts of climate change and associated
climate adaptive and mitigation measures, different activities viz. street play, wall
paintings, participatory rural appraisals (PRAs) were conducted in the project villages.

9. Mainstreaming ecosystem based adaptation into coastal management
by collaborating with Government and non-Government agencies:
Conducted Workshops/meetings with different stakeholders such as district
administration, forest dept.,Sarpanch, Talati, school teachers, members of BMC,
Local Farmers for proper implementation of projects and coordination.

10. Community based conservation and restoration of coastal ecosystems
for increasing ecosystem resilience
• A Village Level Working Group was created in all project villages. Training was given on the
importance of biodiversity conservation, mangrove plantation and techniques to plant
mangroves on ground.
• This group helps with the security of plantation sites. Moreover, these groups also help in
mobilization and sensitization of community at large scale in the village.
• In Tukda Gosa village, we have planted Avicennia marina species of mangrove plants.
Why Mangrove Plantation is important?

11. GIS based decision support system
(using AI/ML)
• 75 Sensor Nodes to
cover 40-50 Acres
of land
• One Sensor node is
comprised of 5
sensors
Plant Growth Monitoring using IoT and AI/ML
(Three Components)

12. Component 1 - The IoT Sensors (1/2)
Temperature and Humidity Sensor
• Temperature and humidity are important factors for
mangroves to grow
• This parameter is measured by a digital sensor called
DHT11 which can measure both temperature and
humidity
Soil Moisture
• The soil moisture can be measured using the illustrated
senor, which has two prongs (electrodes) which are to
be inserted on top layer of soil
• It will define how well the soil can hold moisture

13. Component 1 - The IoT Sensors (2/2)
NPK Sensors
• The soil NPK sensor is suitable for detecting the
content of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the
soil, and judging the fertility of the soil. thereby
facilitating the systematic evaluation of the soil
condition.
• It can be buried in the soil for a long time, resistant to
long-term electrolysis, corrosion resistance, vacuum
potting, and completely waterproof.
Soil pH Sensors
• Reasonable control of the soil pH value is conducive to
the healthy growth of mangroves.
• It can be buried in the soil for a long time, resistant to
long-term electrolysis, corrosion resistance, vacuum
potting, and completely waterproof.

14. Mobile
Network
Cloud/Server
Soil Moisture Sensor
Soil NPK Sensor
Temperature and
Humidity Sensor
Soil pH Sensor
Soil Salinity Sensor
Component 2 - The Network, Sensors and Cameras

15. Bird Classification Person Detection
Component 2: Edge AI Camera

16. Component 3 - GIS Based DSS using AI/ML

17. April May June
• Founded by Akira Miyawaki
• Divided in four layers – shrub, sub-
tree, tree, canopy
• Quality of soil is analyzed and biomass
is mixed with it
• Three to five saplings are planted per
square meter
• The ground is covered with a
thick layer of mulch
Tree Plantation – Miyawaki Method (Junagadh)

19. BIO-DIVERSITY CONSERVATION CAPACITY BUILDING and
NEW EARNING OPPORTUNITIES
CYCLONE AND STROM SURGE
MITIGATION
CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION
CARBON SEQUESTRATION
Expected Outcomes

20. THANK YOU