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Schengen
- 1. Today’s topic Schengen Recitation Class – Subject of Law Tutor: Mgr. Sylwia Mazur Photo by Alinor (talk) / CC BY-SA 3.0
- 2. Contents • What is “Schengen” • Schengen Visa Policy • Purpose of Schengen • History of Schengen • Schengen I • Schengen II • Schengen visa types • Schengen visa exemption
- 3. Schengen What does Schengen literally mean Schengen Visa Policy Purpose of Schengen History of Schengen
- 4. Est. year Members Population Area Policy 1995 26 4.2 hundred millions 1,664,911 sq mi European union Schengen 26 states 6 Potential countries Ireland and UK Opted out Cyprus, Romania, Bulgaria, Croatia 3 special territories The Azores, Madeira, The Canary Island 3 non Schengen member with open borders Monaco, San Marino, Vatican City
- 5. “Schengen” refers to… Passport-free zone that covers most of the Europe Largest passport free travel area in the world (More than 400 million EU citizens) Schengen states apply common rules for people entering the EU (Comprising 26 European states, 22 out of 28 in EU Countries )
- 6. Schengen Policy It is a visa policy of the Schengen area set by the European Union It applies to the Schengen Area and to other EU member states without the opt-outs enjoyed by Ireland and the UK To whom other than a EU, European Economic Area (EEA) or Swiss citizen wishes to enter the Schengen Area, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus or Romania they must have a visa or be a national of a visa- exempt country.
- 7. Further info of EEA • 28 EU states + 3 from EFTA (Iceland, Norway, Liechtenstein) • Agreement (established in 1st, January1994) on free movement of persons, goods, services and capital within the ESM • A single market seeks to guarantee the free movement of goods, capital, services, labor within the EU • 28 EU States + 4 EFTA (Switzerland through bilateral treaties) EEA Members EU Single Market
- 8. Purpose of Schengen The abolition of physical borders among EU countries 01 In order to speed up the movement of people and goods 02 SIS a greater information sharing 03 A greater police coordination on the observation and pursuit of suspected criminals 04
- 9. History of Schengen Countries insist Time frame France, Germany, Belgium, Netherland and Luxembourg Schengen agreement was created on 4th June, 1985 in the town named Schengen, Luxembourg France, Germany, Belgium, Netherland and Luxembourg Five countries implemented the Schengen convention on 19th June 1990, meanwhile, listed out the provisions on visa and policies Italy, Portugal, Spain and Greece intended to join The concept of Schengen area been incessantly expanded 1990-1992 France, Germany, Belgium, Luxembourg, Portugal, Netherland and Spain The real implementation started on 26th March, 1995 -In the early 1990s, the communism collapsed across central and eastern Europe. While in 1991, the Balkans, Yugoslavia begins to break apart -7th February, 1992 The Treaty on European Union is signed in Maastricht in the Netherlands
- 10. Schengen I • 1985 – The Schengen Agreement of 1985 was made between the Benelux Economic Union, the French Republic and the Federal Republic Of Germany. All of those governments agreed to abolish border check on the borders that they shared. Instead of stop and search tactics, every vehicle that had a green visa disc in the windscreen could simply drive on through. There were still to be guards on the borders to visually check the vehicles as they crossed into another country. This is commonly known as Schengen I.
- 11. Schengen II • The 1990 Schengen Agreement, which is also known as Schengen II. It made provisions for the complete elimination of border checks over a period of time. • They have common rules about entry and short stay visas. • They have arrangements for co-ordination between the police, customs and the judiciary in the Schengen area states.
- 12. Schengen III? • Several of the Schengen countries — Belgium, Germany, Spain, France, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, and Austria — signed an agreement in May 2005 known as Schengen III. • Schengen III calls for the creation of shared national databanks to store DNA information, fingerprints, and vehicle identification for known or suspected criminals.
- 13. Schengen Visa Types • Person who wish to transit through or stay • For no more than 90 days in 6 months. 1. Uniform Schengen Visas • Can only stay n the certain Schengen state. • Person who are under international obligation or as a humanitarian reason. 2. Limited territorial validity • For study or work purpose • Permanently residing 3. National Visas
- 14. Visa exemptions Nationals of 'Annex II' countries and territories (visa waiver countries) Look in the slide notes below for topics to consider talking about Photo by Alinor (tak) / CC BY-SA 3.0
- 15. Conclusion • As Schengen has progressed significantly since the 1980s, it created greater ease of trade and travel for EU citizens and non-EU citizens alike. However it brings the possibility for the unauthorized immigrants, criminals and potentials terrorists. • The development of Schengen III suggests that integration will continue to deepen, particularly concerning efforts to combat terrorism and illegal migration. It is also important that European nations to trust in each other’s ability to control who is allowed and enjoy these benefits.
Editor's Notes
- Three (3) of the following territories are special members of the European Union and part of the Schengen Area, even that they are located outside the European continent: the Azores, Madeira, and the Canary Islands. three (3) of the following countries have open their borders with, but are not members of the Schengen Area: Monaco, San Marino, and Vatican City. There are six (6) more European Union members, that have not yet joined Schengen Area: Ireland and United Kingdom – that still maintain opt-outs and Romania, Bulgaria, Croatia, and Cyprus – that are required to and are seeking to join soon.
- 1.UK and Ireland have not signed the Schengen agreement, means they retain border controls. 2.UK operate the Schengen information system (SIS), to cooperate on law enforcement 3.Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus and Romania are not yet part of Schengen area but have a visa policy that is based on the Schengen acquis(retrieved 6th Jan, 2014)
- SIS refers to Schengen Information system (international computerized database that allows countries to store and share information on aliens , asylum seekers ,criminals, and those under surveillance by state security agencies Polices attained the right of “hot pursuit” the ability to follow suspected criminals across borders for a certain distance, after which point domestic police continue the search.
- 1.In 1970, the Benelux Countries had already established a common passport area (Belgium, Luxembourg and Holland) 2.In 1984, France and Germany signed a bilateral agreement to eliminate controls along their common boundary.
- The Schengen agreement covers two different agreements that were ratified in 1985 and 1990.between them which are abolished border controls and made transit through Europe a lot easier.
- The Schengen countries have implemented the following arrangements: -They have common rules about entry and short stay visas -They have removed checks at their common borders and have checks only at the external borders; there are separate arrangements at airports for people travelling within the Schengen area. -They have arrangements for co-ordination between the police, customs and the judiciary in the Schengen area states and for taking measures to combat terrorism and organised crime; this can include rights of hot pursuit
- The agreement would create closer cooperation between countries in preventing and fighting terrorism and crime. It would allow for armed "security escorts" on planes and include measures to fight illegal migration.
- A Schengen visa allows free movement to its holder within the whole Schengen Zone up to its validity and period limitations. According to the type of visa issued by the certain embassy/consulate of any Schengen country there are different restrictions that apply to the particular visa in accordance to the nature of travelling and other relevant circumstances. 1. Uniform Schengen Visas (USV) The Uniform Schengen Visa stands for a permit of one of the Schengen Area Member Countries to transit or reside in the desired territory for a certain period of time up to the maximum of 90 days every six month period starting from the date of entry. 2. Limited territorial validity visas (LTV) This type of visa obtained allows you to travel only in the Schengen State that has issued the visa or in some other cases, in the certain Schengen States specifically mentioned when applying for the visa. Apart from these Schengen countries, this specific visa is invalid to any other Schengen country not specified prior. The holder of this type of visa cannot enter or transit through any other Schengen country that is not the first and final destination target. This type of visa is issued in very peculiar cases such as a humanitarian reason or under international obligation as an exception to the common USV system. This type of visa may apply for individuals who don’t possess a valid travel document yet have to travel to a Schengen area on an emergency of any kind. 3. National Visas The national visa of “D” category is granted to the certain individuals who are to be studying, working or permanently residing in one of the Schengen countries. The national visa can be of a single entry, granted to the people who are in need of residing in the Schengen country for a certain period of time and for a sole purpose after which they shall return to their country. On the other hand a multi-entry national visa is also granted for certain individuals, allowing its holder to travel in and out of this Schengen country as he/she pleases and also travel throughout the whole Schengen Area without additional visa requirements.
- Consider talking about: Right for EU and EEA Nationals of 'Annex II' countries and territories (visa waiver 62countries) Poland has suspended the border traffic agreements with Russia indefinitely from 4 July 2016 Holders of non-ordinary passports
- Freedom of movement across much of Europe has progressed significantly since the 1980s, creating greater ease of trade and travel for EU citizens and non-EU citizens alike. However, while opening the gates to travel within “Schengenland,” Schengen also created the possibility for free movement of unauthorized migrants, criminals, and potential terrorists if they are not stopped through the timely use of well-gathered information. Therefore, while Schengen itself did not greatly change European immigration policy, its creation did necessitate policy changes in other EU arenas, and it is one factor underlying continued harmonization on issues such as the management of visa policy, immigration policy (on both legal and illegal immigration), and asylum, as well as greater cooperation on security issues. The development of Schengen III suggests that integration will continue to deepen, particularly concerning efforts to combat terrorism and illegal migration. As the EU grows and as free movement extends eastward, Schengen will bring the benefits of freedom of movement, but it will also call upon European nations to develop increasing trust in each other’s ability to control who is allowed to enter and enjoy these benefits.