This document discusses sustainable public procurement and contracting in Peru. It introduces the topic and explains the environmental and social implications of public contracting. It addresses the ethical perspective of sustainable purchases and outlines policies for sustainable public procurement. The document also examines barriers to implementing sustainable procurement and considers procurement within Peru's legal framework. It concludes by reflecting on the current national legal framework and opportunities for development.

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CONTENIDO: INTRODUCCIÓN.– I. CONTRATACIÓN PÚBLICA Y SOSTENIBI-
LIDAD.– II. PERSPECTIVA ÉTICA DE LAS COMPRAS SOSTENIBLES.– III. PO-
LÍTICA DE COMPRAS PÚBLICAS SUSTENTABLES.– IV. BARRERAS Y RETOS
PARA LA IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE LAS COMPRAS SUSTENTABLES.– V. CONSI-
DERACIONES SOBRE CONTRATACIONES Y COMPRAS EN NUESTRO SISTEMA
LEGAL.– VI. EPÍLOGO.
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N°66,2011
pp.335-350

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CONSIDERACIONES
SOBRE LA
CONTRATACIÓN
PÚBLICA
SOSTENIBLE
(“VERDE”)
CONSIDERATIONS
ON SUSTAINABLE
PUBLIC
PROCUREMENT
(“GREEN”)
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CONSIDERACIONES
SOBRE LA
CONTRATACIÓN
PÚBLICA
SOSTENIBLE
(“VERDE”)
CONSIDERATIONS
ON SUSTAINABLE
PUBLIC
PROCUREMENT
(“GREEN”)
PP_
QQ
Derecho PUCP, N° 66, 2011 / ISSN 0251-3420
I.2. España
Y&%$("-&+,(+ '%&"+KXHdRRQdS``]+%&,+SR+%&+&"&' +#&+/6*,$).+&,+B)6&'% +
%&+! "#&= +%&+Y$"$#-' #C+/ '+&,+;6&C+(+#6+3&DC+#&+(/' *.+&,+K,("+%&+! "?
-'(-()$."+K0*,$)(+c&'%&+%&+,(+B%7$"$#-'()$."+e&"&'(,+%&,+H#-(% +<+#6#+
Z'8("$#7 #+K0*,$) #C+<+,(#+H"-$%(%&#+e&#- '(#+%&+,(+9&86'$%(%+9 )$(,E+
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(7*$&"-&C+%&+: '7(+;6&+#&+(,)(")&+("-&#+%&+PR+%&+%$)$&7*'&+%&+S`R`+,(+
7&-(+&#-(*,&)$%(+/ '+,(+! 76"$%(%+H6' /&(+&"+,(+H#-'(-&8$(+X&3$#(%(+
/('(+6"+A&#('' ,, +9 #-&"$*,&E+96#+ *=&-$3 #+&#/&)>:$) #+'(%$)(*("+&"+
&#-(*,&)&'+7&-(#+)6("-$:$)(%(#+/('(+, #+8'6/ #+%&+/' %6)- #C+#&'3$)$ #+<+
*'(#+) "#$%&'(% #+) 7 +/'$ '$-('$ #+/('(+,(+$") '/ '()$."+%&+)'$-&'$ #+
(7*$&"-(,&#+/ '+,(+! 7$#$."+H6' /&(+a;6&+#&+$"),6>("+&"+6"+("&F +
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)'$-&'$ #+(7*$&"-(,&#+&"+,(#+%$#-$"-(#+:(#&#+%&+,(+) "-'(-()$."E+
I.3. Chile
[(+%$'&)-$3(+%&+) "-'(-()$."+/0*,$)(+_C+N"#-'6))$ "&#+/('(+,(+! "-'(-(?
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7 #+/('(+;6&+) "#$%&'&"+) 7 +3('$(*,&+&"+, #+/' )&# #+%&+(%;6$#$)$."+
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)$%(%C+8(#C+-'("#/ '-&#+6+ -' #C+#$86$&"% +,(#+/(6-(#+;6&+#&+/'&#&"-("+(+
) "-$"6()$."E
I.4. Comisión Europea12
A&#%&+&,+(T +S``UC+,(+! 7$#$."+H6' /&(+@(+: 7&"-(% +,(+$7/,("-()$."+
%&+,(+2) 7/'(+3&'%&4+&"+,(#+) 7/'(#+/0*,$)(#+%&+, #+&#-(% #E+H"-'&+, #+
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4&!'$+3#&3&'(K+!/j24('&!<!4&!(1/4&+3&'(K+!)0!/#_'3('&%!#0%/03=$%&%!'$+!04!10)($!&12(0+30B!;b&%0!
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Derecho PUCP, N° 66, 2011 / ISSN 0251-3420
&,+ *=&-$3 +%&+$"-' %6)$'+)'$-&'$ #+23&'%&#4+&"+,(+) "-'(-()$."+/0*,$)(+
#&+*(#(+# *'&+,(+'&#/ "#(*$,$%(%+%&+'&%6)$'+(,+7>"$7 +, #+$7/()- #+(7?
*$&"-(,&#+/' %6)$% #+/ '+&#-(#+) "-'(-()$ "&#+<+(#&86'('+6"(+%&7("%(+
/0*,$)(+%&+*$&"&#+<+#&'3$)$ #+;6&+/6&%(+#&'+%&-&)-(%(+/ '+, #+/' %6)- '&#+
<+, #+/' 3&&% '&#+%&+,(+(%7$"$#-'()$."+/('(+;6&+&")6&"-'&"+$"-&'&#("-&+
/' %6)$'+<+%$#-'$*6$'+"6&3(#+(,-&'"(-$3(#+# #-&"$*,&#+(+, #+/' %6)- #+<+
#&'3$)$ #+-'(%$)$ "(,&#RP
E
I.5. Iniciativa Norteamericana de Compras Verdes
(Norteamérica)
H#-(+$"$)$(-$3(+&"8, *(+/'J)-$)(7&"-&+)6(,;6$&'+-$/ +%&+ '8("$D()$."+
-("- +/0*,$)(+) 7 +/'$3(%(+$"-&'&#(%(+&"+: '-(,&)&'+,(+$7/,&7&"-(?
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)$&"-&7&"-&+6"(+#&'$&+%&+8'6/ #+%&+-'(*(= +/('(+:()$,$-('+) 7/'(#+(7?
*$&"-(,&#+'&,()$ "(%(#+) "+/' %6)- #+%&+,$7/$&D(C+('->)6, #+%&+ :$)$"(+<+
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) 7/'(#+(7*$&"-(,&#+%&+#6+ '8("$D()$."+&+$%&"-$:$)('+ / '-6"$%(%&#+
%&+7&= '(7$&"- RU
E
I.6. Internacional Green Purchasing Network – IGPN
(Japón-internacional)
H"+ )-6*'&+%&+S``UC+&"+,(+)$6%(%+%&+9&"%($C+i(/."C+7J#+%&+V`+&F/ ?
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CONSIDERACIONES
SOBRE LA
CONTRATACIÓN
PÚBLICA
SOSTENIBLE
(“VERDE”)
CONSIDERATIONS
ON SUSTAINABLE
PUBLIC
PROCUREMENT
(“GREEN”)
PUR
QQ
Derecho PUCP, N° 66, 2011 / ISSN 0251-3420
I.7. Iniciativas de Economía Alternativa y Solidaria
(IDEAS), BAKEAZ y compra y contratación pública
responsable16
I.7.1. ¿Qué es la compra y contratación pública responsable?
[(+) "-'(-()$."+/0*,$)(+'&#/ "#(*,&+&#+(;6&,+/' )&# +%&+) "-'(-()$."+
%&,+#&)- '+/0*,$) +;6&C+(%&7J#+%&+3(, '('+,(#+ :&'-(#+%&#%&+6"+/6"- +
%&+3$#-(+&) ".7$) C+$"),6<&+)'$-&'$ #+(7*$&"-(,&#+<+# )$(,&#+(+-&"&'+&"+
)6&"-(+) "+&,+:$"+%&+) "-'(-('+%&+,(+: '7(+7J#+'&#/&-6 #(+) "+&,+7&%$ ?
(7*$&"-&+<+/' 7 3&'+,(+$"#&')$."+# )$ ,(* '(,C+,(+$86(,%(%+%&+ / '-6"$?
%(%&#+<+&,+) 7&')$ +=6#- +) "+/(>#&#+&"+3>(#+%&+%&#('' ,, E
I.7.2. ¿Por qué las administraciones deben fomentar la compra y la
contratación pública responsable?
K '+%$3&'# #+7 -$3 #C+&"-'&+, #+)6(,&#+#&+)6&"-("^
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*$&"-(,&#C+&+$"#&'-('+&,+) 7/' 7$# +# )$(,+<+(7*$&"-(,+) 7 +6"+
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#$8, C+) 7 +&,+)(7*$ +),$7J-$) + +&,+(67&"- +%&+,(+/ *'&D(C+<+(#>+
) "3&'-$', #+&"+/('-&+%&+,(+# ,6)$."E
I I . PERSPECTIVA ÉTICA DE LAS COMPRAS SOSTENIBLES
[(+/'& )6/()$."+/ '+,(+G-$)(+=6'>%$) ?(7*$&"-(,+)$&'-(7&"-&+" +&#+# , +
6"(+)6&#-$."+()(%G7$)(E+K(#(+$86(,7&"-&+/ '+&#(+/'&) "#$%&'()$."C+/&' +
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%$3&'#(#+%$7&"#$ "&#+a8, *(,&#C+'&8$ "(,&#C+"()$ "(,&#C+#6*"()$ "(,&#C+
, )(,&#aC+(#>+) 7 +,(+*0#;6&%(+%&,+%&#('' ,, +# #-&"$*,&C+(#$8"(+6"+' ,+
Ra!5=0)0!-&44&#%0!1_%!(+*$#1&'(K+!0+!cdddB2&k0&OB$#Hh!<!cdddB'$1/#&90#)0B$#HhB
RV!;b&%0!2"2)8!E('$4_%B!Sp3('&!0'$4KH('&!<!1$9(1(0+3$%!%$'(&40%TB!"+!o0%j%!&440%30#$%!<!o$%b!5b#0O!
.)_+B!E$"* 5&5(%(' 5*$(&')* +, B!F&)#()P!J#$33&8!//B!YVR@YUUB

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)&'+(+/'$")$/$ #+%&+6-$,$%(%+/0*,$)(C+&"+&,+ '%&"+%&+&) ".7$) C+# )$(,+
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(“VERDE”)
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PUQ
Derecho PUCP, N° 66, 2011 / ISSN 0251-3420
[(+[&<+e&"&'(,+%&,+B7*$&"-&C+,&<+S]QRRC+'&:$&'&+, +#$86$&"-&^
B'->)6, +PWpE?+A&+,(#+7&%$%(#+%&+/' 7 )$."
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)67/,$7$&"- +%&+,(#+" '7(#+(7*$&"-(,&#+<+7&= '&#+"$3&,&#+%&+%&#&7?
/&T +(7*$&"-(,C+&"+: '7(+) 7/,&7&"-('$(+(+, #+$"#-'67&"- #+&) ".?
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%$:6#$."+<+#&"#$*$,$D()$."+)$6%(%("(C+,(+/6*,$)()$."+%&+/' 7&%$ #+%&+
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%$)$ "&#+#$"+&7*('8 C+" +@$D +'&:&'&")$(+(,86"(+(+6"(+)6&#-$."+7&%$ ?
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CONSIDERACIONES
SOBRE LA
CONTRATACIÓN
PÚBLICA
SOSTENIBLE
(“VERDE”)
CONSIDERATIONS
ON SUSTAINABLE
PUBLIC
PROCUREMENT
(“GREEN”)
PUW
QQ
Derecho PUCP, N° 66, 2011 / ISSN 0251-3420
$"-&'/'&-(-$3 +&+$"-&8'(% '+/('(+,(+(/,$)()$."+%&,+A&)'&- +&7$-$% +(#>+
) 7 +%&+#6+'&#/&)-$3 +X&8,(7&"- C+/'.F$7 +(+/6*,$)('#&S]
E+
B,+'&#/&)- C+&,+)$-(% +(6- '+) "#$%&'(+;6&C+&"+)6("- +(+,(#+),J6#6,(#+(7?
*$&"-(,&#+&"+,(+[&<+%&+! "-'(-()$."+<+B%;6$#$)$."+%&,+H#-(% C+#&+%&*&"+
) "#$%&'(+, #+#$86$&"-&#+)'$-&'$ #^+
a. Análisis del mercado
H,+("J,$#$#+%&*&'J+'&(,$D('#&+%&+: '7(+(*$&'-(+<+ *=&-$3(C+<+)&"-'('#&+&"+
,(#+# ,6)$ "&#+8&"&'(,&#+;6&+ :'&)&+&,+7&')(% E+H,+ *=&-$3 +&#+" + - '8('+
/'&:&'&")$(+"$+:(3 '$-$#7 +(+%&-&'7$"(% #+) "-'(-$#-(#E+[ #+'&#6,-(% #+
%&,+("J,$#$#+7 #-'('J"+(,-&'"(-$3(#+'&#/&-6 #(#+) "+&,+7&%$ +(7*$&"-&C+
#$+,(#+@6*$&'(C+<+&,+"$3&,+8&"&'(,+%&+/'&)$ #+%&+,(#+ /)$ "&#+%$#/ "$*,&#E
b. Definición de las especificaciones técnicas y requerimientos técnicos
mínimos
b.1. Especificaciones técnicas convencionales
968$&'&+&,+(6- '+;6&+#&+%&*&+(/&,('+(+,(+&F/&'$&")$(+<+(+, #+) " )$7$&"- #+
-G)"$) #+&#/&)$(,$D(% #+%&,+/&'# "(,+;6&+,(#+&,(* '(+<+%&:$"&C+) "+&,+:$"+%&+
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,(#+&7/'&#(#+/('-$)$/("-&#E+
b.2. Especificaciones técnicas basadas en la ejecución
H"+&#-(+:(#&+&=&)6-$3(C+#&+#6&,&+/' 7 3&'+,(+)'&(-$3$%(%+%&,+7&')(% +<C+
()(# C+:(3 '&)&'+&,+%&#('' ,, +%&+# ,6)$ "&#+-G)"$)(#+$"" 3(% '(#E+9$"+
&7*('8 C+&#-(#+%&:$"$)$ "&#+'&;6$&'&"+7(< '+(-&")$."+;6&+,(+%&:$"$)$."+
%&+,(#+&#/&)$:$)()$ "&#+-G)"$)(#+) "3&")$ "(,&#C+&"+,(+7&%$%(+&"+;6&+
,(+(,-&'"(-$3(#+%$#/ "$*,&#+&"+&,+7&')(% +/6&%&"+3('$('+%&+: '7(+) "?
#$%&'(*,&^+%&+(@>+;6&+) ''&#/ "%("+7&%$%(#+%&+#&86'$%(%+(+:$"+;6&+,(#+
&#/&)$:$)()$ "&#+#&("+),('(#C+/&'-$"&"-&#+<+=6#-$:$)(*,&#E
c. Criterios de evaluación o adjudicación
B,+'&#/&)- C+&,+)$-(% +(6- 'C+$"3 )("% +(+6"(+#>"-&#$#+%&+,(+! 7$#$."+
H6' /&(C+#&T(,(+;6&+&#-(+@(+&#-(*,&)$% +;6&+#&+/6&%&"+(/,$)('+)'$-&'$ #+
%&+(%=6%$)()$."+7&%$ (7*$&"-(,&#C+#$&7/'&+;6&^
Ym!"4!)0'#03$!40H(%4&3(9$!01(3()$!-&!1&+30+()$!4&!1(%1&!#0H=4&'(K+!/#09(%3&!0+!04!&#3:'=4$!Y]!)0!4&!40<!
Yam]X8!)&)$!i=0!+$!-&!(+'4=()$!0+!%=!&#3:'=4$!Ya!4&!0Z(H0+'(&!)0!&4H=+&%!'$+)('($+0%!1:+(1&%!0+!
4&%!2&%0%!$!/4(0H$%!)0!'$+)('($+0%!i=0!-&H&+!#0*0#0+'(&!&!4&!/#$30''(K+!)04!10)($!&12(0+308!'$+!4$!
'=&48!0+!0%3#('3$8!04!j+('$!'&12($!%0#:&!4&!(+'4=%(K+!)04!/#(+'(/($!)0!%$%30+(2(4()&)!&12(0+3&4B!5$#!0+)08!
%0!)0)='0!i=0!)0!1$)$!&4H=+$!=+&!0+3()&)!0%3_!$24(H&)&!&!(+'4=(#!'$1$!=+&!'$+)('(K+!$24(H&3$#(&!
1:+(1&!0+!%=%!2&%0%!&)1(+(%3#&3(9&%!=+&!'4_=%=4&!i=0!'$+'#03('0!4$!0%3&240'()$!0+!04!/#(+'(/($!)0!
%$%30+(2(4()&)!&12(0+3&4B!"+!0%0!%0+3()$8!=+&!)0!4&%!/$%(2(4()&)0%!/$#!4&!i=0!/=0)0!$/3&#%0!0%!i=0!
%0!(+'4=<&+!'#(30#($%!)0!%$%30+(2(4()&)!&12(0+3&4!)0!1&+0#&!*&'=43&3(9&!0+!04!1&#'$!)0!=+&!/$4:3('&!)0!
H0%3(K+!&12(0+3&4!/#$1$9()&!/$#!'&)&!H$2(0#+$!4$'&48!#0H($+&4!<!'0+3#&4!0+!/&#3('=4&#B

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F
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VA
L
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PU]
Derecho PUCP, N° 66, 2011 / ISSN 0251-3420
I+ 86('%&"+'&,()$."+) "+&,+ *=&- +%&+,(+) "3 )(- '$(
I+ " + - '86&"+ &,+ / %&'+ (%=6%$)(% '+ 6"(+ ,$*&'-(%+ %&+ &,&))$."+
$,$7$-(%(
I+ &#-G"+&F/'&#(7&"-&+7&")$ "(%(#+&"+&,+("6")$ +%&+,$)$-()$."+ +&"+
&,+/,$&8 +%&+) "%$)$ "&#+<
I+ #&+ (-&"8("+ (+ , #+ /'$")$/$ #+ :6"%(7&"-(,&#+ %&,+ A&'&)@ +
) 76"$-('$ E
V I . E P Í LO G O
! 7 +'&:$&'&+X 7&' +KG'&DC+&,+) "#67 +%&+, #+8 *$&'" #+'&/'&#&"-(+
6"(+8'("+/('-&+%&,+) "#67 +- -(,+76"%$(,+1#&+(:$'7(+;6&+'&/'&#&"-("+
(/' F$7(%(7&"-&+RVq+%&,+KNL+&"+/(>#&#+ ))$%&"-(,&#5E+A&+(,,>+,(+$7/ '?
-(")$(+%&+;6&+, #+8 *$&'" #C+&"+-("- +)67/,&"+#6+' ,+%&+) "#67$% '&#C+
(/,$;6&"+)'$-&'$ #+(7*$&"-(,&#+%&"-' +%&+#6#+/' )&# #+%&+) "-'(-()$."C+
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'&#+# )$ &) ".7$) #S_
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#$#-&7(+,&8(,+@(<+;6&+&"-' "$D('+&#- #+&": ;6&#+&"+&,+7(') +%&+(/,$)(?
)$."+%&+,(#+/ ,>-$)(#+(7*$&"-(,&#+"()$ "(,&#C+'&8$ "(,&#+<+, )(,&#P`
E
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B* +"*&0(D6!@5*"&08!E`!RYX8!%0/3(012#0@)('(012#0!)0!YXXU8!/B!RWaB
WX!7&20!30+0#!/#0%0+30!i=0!4$%!20+0*('($%!)0!4&%!'$1/#&%!/j24('&%!%=%30+3&240%!%0!/=0)0+!'4&%(*('&#!0+P!
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)A!)&#!+=09&%!$/$#3=+()&)0%!)0!3#&2&[$!&!H#=/$%!1&#H(+&40%w!0A!&/$<&#!&''($+0%!)0!'$10#'($![=%3$B!
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)04!2(0+!$!)04!%0#9('($!0+!'=&+3$!&P!20+0*('($%!/$4:3('$%!<!%&4=)P!&A!'=1/4(1(0+3$!)0!4&!40H(%4&'(K+!
&12(0+3&4w!2A!04!"%3&)$!%0!$'=/&!)0!10[$#&#!4&!'&4()&)!)0!9()&!)0!4$%!'(=)&)&+$%w!'A!/#0)('&#!'$+!04!
0[01/4$!0+!4$!%=%30+3&240!<!0+!4$!&12(0+3&4w!)A!%0!)01=0%3#&!04!'$1/#$1(%$!)0!4&!&=3$#()&)!/j24('&!
'$+!04!)0%&##$44$!%=%30+3&240!&!3#&9b%!)0!&''($+0%!'$+'#03&%!<!0*0'3(9&%w!0A!10[$#:&!0+!4&!(1&H0+!)0!
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R
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F
O
Y
VA
L
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N
C
I
A
CONSIDERACIONES
SOBRE LA
CONTRATACIÓN
PÚBLICA
SOSTENIBLE
(“VERDE”)
CONSIDERATIONS
ON SUSTAINABLE
PUBLIC
PROCUREMENT
(“GREEN”)
PU_
QQ
Derecho PUCP, N° 66, 2011 / ISSN 0251-3420
A N E X O
1. Guía de Compras Públicas Sustentables31
rst+A6'("-&+76)@ #+(T #+, #+()- '&#+&#-(-(,&#+&+$"#-$-6)$ "&#+/0*,$)(#+
" +) "#$%&'(*("+&,+$7/()- +%&+, #+*$&"&#+;6&+) 7/'(*("C+%&+, #+#&'3$?
)$ #+;6&+) "-'(-(*("+ +%&+,(#+ *'(#+;6&+,,&3(*("+(+)(* E+9$"+&7*('8 C+
) "+,(+(/('$)$."+%&,+) ")&/- +%&+rst+%&#('' ,, +#6#-&"-(*,&+&"+&,+&#)&?
"('$ +76"%$(,C+#&+ *#&'3(+,(+-&"%&")$(+%&+8&"&'('+/ ,>-$)(#+;6&+- 7&"+
&"+)6&"-(+(#/&)- #+(7*$&"-(,&#C+) 7/' 7&-$&"% +-(7*$G"+(#/&)- #+# ?
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&#-'6)-6'(% +&"+8'6/ #+%&+-'(*(= +&"+%$#-$"-(#+-&7J-$)(#+;6&+/,("-&("+
&,+%&#('' ,, +%&+/,("&#+%&+())$."+'&8$ "(,&#+<+"()$ "(,&#+(+R`+(T #C+$"?
),6<&"% +6"+8'6/ +%&%$)(% +(+,(#+! 7/'(#+K0*,$)(#+96#-&"-(*,&#E+H"+
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&"+,(#+/ ,>-$)(#+<+, #+/' )&# #+%&+) 7/'(#+%&,+H#-(% C+#$&"% +(,86"(#+
'&:&'$%(#+) 7 +) 7/'(#+3&'%&#+7$&"-'(#+;6&+ -'(#+# "+) "-&F-6(,$D(%(#+
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'$&")$(#+ +7&= '&#+/'J)-$)(#+#&+/'&#&"-(+7J#+(%&,("-&+&"+&#-(+e6>(C+,(#+
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%&+/ ,>-$)(#+<+/' )&%$7$&"- #+%&+) 7/'(#+/0*,$)(#+#6#-&"-(*,&#+(+"$3&,+
%&+,(+B%7$"$#-'()$."+K0*,$)(+h()$ "(,E
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#6#-&"-(*,&#+1!K95E+H#-(#+$7/,$)("C+&"+-G'7$" #+8&"&'(,&#C+,(+&3(,6()$."+
'&#/&)- +%&+,(+) 7/'(+ +(%;6$#$)$."+%&+*$&"&#+<+#&'3$)$ #+%&+6"+ '8("$#?
7 +%&,+H#-(% +# *'&+, #+$7/()- #+(7*$&"-(,&#+<d +# )$(,&#+;6&+8&"&'("E
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-'()$."+K0*,$)(+h()$ "(,+&"+B'8&"-$"(E
2. ¿Es lo mismo compra pública ética, verde, ecológica,
justa, sostenible, responsable?
B,86"(#+3&)&#+#&+6-$,$D("+%$#-$"- #+)(,$:$)(-$3 #+/('(+%&" 7$"('+,(+7$#?
7(+/'J)-$)(+%&+) 7/'(C+7$&"-'(#+;6&+ -'(#+3&)&#+&,+6# +%&+6" #+6+ -' #+
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16. P
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F
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VA
L
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C
I
A
PV`
Derecho PUCP, N° 66, 2011 / ISSN 0251-3420
%&/&"%&+%&+#$+#&+) "#$%&'("+(#/&)- #+&#/&)>:$) #+1(7*$&"-(,&#C+# )$(,&#C+
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