Essay About THE BLACK DEATH

Essay about THE BLACK DEATH
The Bubonic Plague, more commonly referred to as the "Black Death," ravaged Europe between the years 1347 and 1350. During this
short period, 25 million people, one third of Europe's population at the time, were killed. Thousands of people died each week and dead bodies littered
the streets. Once a family member had contracted the disease, the entire household was doomed to die. Parents abandoned their children, and
parent–less children roamed the streets in search for food. Victims, delirious with pain, often lost their sanity. Life was in total chaos. The Plague was a
disaster without a parallel, causing dramatic changes in medieval Europe. Coming out of the East, the Black Death reached the shores of Italy in the
spring of...show more content...
As their rodent hosts died out, the fleas migrated to the bodies of humans and infected them in the same fashion as they had the rats, and so the plague
spread
In the text, there were several ideas on how the Black Death actually developed. The first document, written by Ibn Khaldun, described the plague in the
best detail. The most common belief was that God had sent the plague and that it was his punishment for the sins humankind had committed. Even
innocent people, such as infants, had to suffer for the horrible crimes of others. The church was quick to condemn gambling, excessive drinking, the
immodesty of women and the laziness of peasants. Guilt lay upon every man's heart. Therefore it was only natural that the first measures taken against
the plague were the confession of all sins and prayer for forgiveness. Learned men and women, who did not believe that the plague was sent by god or
superstitions, attempted to come up with a more logical explanation. Some thought that a "mysterious poisonous cloud" gradually moving across
Europe brought the plague. Finally, the most extreme explanation involved the changing of seasons and the conjunctions of the planets. The weather
had been affected by the altered seasons, which was in connection to the conjunction of Mars and Jupiter. The hot and wet planet of Jupiter, when
combined with the anger of Mars, created pestilent vapors. The wind on Earth then
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Argumentative Essay On Black Death
The victims of this plague suffered from delusions, nightmares, fevers and swellings in the groin, armpits and behind their ears. Some of the
sufferers went into comas while others reported being highly delusional. At the time period this was going on there wasn't any medicine that they
have tried to cure this plague. This plague ended up being contained in 750 CE it took 208 years for this plague to pass because they couldn't find a
cure for it because they didn't have a strong medical field this plague spread exponentially. They couldn't find a way to actually cure this disease
because it was combined with the Black Death so they were killing all their skilled doctors before they could even begin to start on a cure for this
disease. One historian by the name of Procopius has reported that 10,000 people per day have been...show more content...
A pandemic differs from epidemic because a pandemic affects a large area while an epidemic affects a localized area. Old people, young kids
(approximately younger than 5) and pregnant women are more at risk of getting ill from a pandemic or epidemic. The conditions of declaring a
pandemic is if the virus is able to cause serious illnesses or even deaths it has to be a virus that can be spread from human to human It also needs to
have little to none immunity levels. The societal factors that will increase the pandemic are water supply, sanitation facilities, food, climate, and
temperature. Water supply could be a factor because people could have contaminated the water causing the water to infectious meaning that if they
drink it then they could get the disease themselves. Food because if they kill and eat an animal without killing all the bacteria in the animal then they
could get the disease. Climate and temperature because sometimes if the temperature becomes too hot then that could make the bacteria increase

Essay on The Black Death
The Black Death
The Black Death had profound effects on Medieval Europe. Although most people did not realize it at the time, the Black Death had not only marked
the end of one age but it also denoted the beginning of a new one, namely the Renaissance.
Between 1339 and 1351a.d, a pandemic of plague called the Black Death, traveled from China to Europe affecting the importance of cities, creating
economic and demographic crises, as well as political dislocation and realignment, and bringing about powerful new currents in culture and religion.
In the beginning, the Italian town of Genoa was one of the busiest ports in Europe. Ships sailed from there to trade all over the Mediterranean Sea. In
October of 1347, 12 merchant...show more content...
The mortality rate for the pneumonic plague was 90–95%; (if treated today the mortality rate would be 5–10%). The pneumonic plague infected the
lungs. Symptoms include slimy sputum; saliva mixed with mucus exerted from the respiratory system, tinted with blood. As the disease progressed,
the sputum became free flowing and bright red. Symptoms took 1–7 days to appear. This disease could only be transmitted through the air, by
someone's cough.
Finally the septicemic plague was the most rare form of all. The mortality was close to 100 %. Symptoms, which took 1–7 days to appear, were high
fever and skin turning deep shades of purple.
The Black Death struck the European people without warning. Physicians and philosophers harmed rather than helped. They did not understand the
causes of infectious diseases nor how they spread. It is no wonder that they looked to priests and storytellers, rather than doctors, for answers. They did
not have the ability to understand where this sudden cruel death had come from. And they did not know whether it would never go away.
The most common belief was that God, being a punishment for the sin people had committed sent the plague. Even innocent people, such as infants,
had to suffer for the horrible crimes of others. The church was quick to condemn gambling, excessive drinking, the immodesty of women, and the

Research on The Black Death Essay
Imagine the world as it is. There are many people living on the planet at a given time. Now imagine that out of the estimated 7 billion people on
earth, about 4,200,000,000 people were suddenly eradicated because of a disease infesting just a part of the world. No, it isnt a scene or plot from a
horror movie, this horrible reality is actually fact and has already happened in the distant past. I am talking, of course, of the Black Death of Europe. The
Black Death or as its also known as "Bubonic Plague", was a serious pandemic that infected Europe and nearly wiped out 60% of its population
during its 2 year spread all across Europe. A rough estimate of about 60–200 million people were claimed as victims of The Black Death. At the time,
...show more content...
Sometimes, like most explanations back then, it was the work of God and punishment afflicted upon Europe for whatever reasons of the time. For
these people, the only cure was to be somehow forgiven by God. This was usually done by people carving or painting the symbol of the cross on
the front doors of their house with the words "Lord have mercy on us" either near it or on it. Another great contributor to the destruction of the Black
Death was the Great Fire of London which helped eradicate most of the rats that carried the disease and wiping out most of the people with the
disease. The plague actually repeatedly continued to remain in Europe and the Mediterranean throughout the centuries. The major occurences of the
plague happened around the year 1346 and 1671. The Second Pandemic Black Death was pretty active in the years 1360 and 1667. All of Europe was
ravaged and it impacted Europe so devastatingly that it took 150 years for the population of Europe to be fully recovered. Quarantining people was
another way of combating the plague in ancient times. Taking anti–bio tics was advised was advised in case you came into contact with a victim of the
disease. In early 2011 it was discovered that the bacteria Yersinia Pestis was actually the culprit for one of the most devastating pandemics ever to
surface in the world. While

Essay On The Black Death
What impact did the 'Black Death' plagues that began in Europe in the fourteenth century have on societies there?
The Black Death was a disastrous illness that spread quickly through 14th century Europe, leaving many bodies in its wake and soon dominated
European societies. Not only did the Black Death ravish the population, but the plague also caused long term societal, economic and political changes.
Children were particularly susceptible to the Black Death, while tragic this had far reaching economic consequences as this lost generation decreased
the able labour population. In turn, survivors could demand an increased wage for their services as the work force had been decimated. This resulted
in class tensions between workers and employers. Minority communities which had been tolerated in Europe now found themselves being made
scapegoats for a deadly illness. This was particularly true for Jewish communities but some women found themselves targeted also. The clergy were at
higher risk of succumbing to the Black Death this caused many to question their belief in the Catholic Church. There is no doubt that these factors
change European society in extensive ways which will be examined in this essay.
The Black Death in Europe was a form of the plague which caused painful sores, ulcers and spread quickly through populations. Certain groups were
slightly more vulnerable, however, the Black Death killed quickly and mercilessly. Medicine in the 14th century was at a

The Black Death
It is impossible to discuss Europe's history without mentioning the Plague of 1348, also known as the Black Death. The Black Death reached Italian
shores in the spring of 1348. The presence of such a plague was enormously devastating making its mark in unprecedented numbers in recorded history.
According to records, it is estimated to have killed a third of Europe's population. The Black Death was caused by bacteria named Yersinia Pestis. This
germ was transferred from rats to fleas and then to humans. This disease spread quickly due to the infestation of rats. Also, sanitary conditions were
very poor which did not help the problem at all. When a human was infected, the bacteria moved from the bloodstream...show more content...
It is only fair that we give credit to something so dreadful as the Black plague for assisting and opening the way for the Renaissance.
A New Society
Under this new plague, a new society has formed. As a reaction to such a disaster, many citizens went about excluded themselves from society in
order to avoid the plague. Homes were abandoned and towns were left nearly empty as people enclosed themselves into small communities of only
the healthy. This was all done in hopes of preserving themselves from the epidemic. The sickly retrieved little help as many adopted the policy to avoid
the sick and everything they owned.
Many of the citizens now possessed a selfish mind frame brought on by terror and panic. Neighbor abandoned neighbor, brother abandoned brother,
and mother abandoned child. It isn't difficult to see how experiencing such a traumatic event can change ones outlook on life. After living through
such conditions, this caused people to have looser morals. There was no longer a need to have order and array in such a chaotic world. The lack of
authority, officials, and laws only served to prove that every man was able to do as he pleased. This new change in society and culture happened
gradually and steadily. The social structure of Europe was altered forever and it is this change in society that marked the beginning of the Renaissance
culture.
Religion
Along with a new way of thinking came a new way of believing. Many people

Black Death Essays
The Black Death, also known as the Black Plague, or the Bubonic Plague killed one third of the population of Europe during its reign in the 13th
and 14th centuries. The arrival of this plague set the scene for years of strife and heroism. Leaving the social and Economic aspect in a standstill. The
phantom of death became a subject of art, music and folklore and it influenced the consciousness of the people. The impact of this mass killer caused
enormous chaos and havoc to the medieval society because of its unknown origin, the unknown causes and preventions, its deathly symptoms and its
breakdown of orderly life, therefore religion was greatly affected and changed. In 1347, a Tartar army under Kipchak khan Janibeg had been besieging
the...show more content...
Father abandoned child, wife husband, one brother another; for this illness seemed to strike through breath and sight. An so they died. None
could be found to bury the dead for money or friendship. Members of a household brought their dead to a ditch as best they could, without priest,
without divine offices. In many places in Siena great pits were dug and piled deep with the multitude of dead. And they died by the hundreds, both
day and night, and all were thrown in those ditches and covered with earth. And as soon as those ditches were filled, more were dug. I, Agnolo di
Tura . . . buried my five children with my own hands. . . . And so many died that all believed it was the end of the world." (another
description) Fathers abandoned their sick sons. Lawyers refused to come and make out wills for the dying. Friars and nuns were left to care for the
sick, and monasteries and convents were soon deserted, as they were stricken, too. Bodies were left in empty houses, and there was no one to give
them a Christian burial. The terror of this seemingly unstoppable march of death was the unknown nature of its origin. The absence of an identifiable
earthly cause gave the plague supernatural and sinister quality. (The Black Death: Bubonic Plague) The plague had stunned Europe and everywhere
people were desperate for explanations and answers to their many questions. Most explanations were based on

Review of The Black Death Essay
Review of The Black Death The Black Death discusses the causes and results of the plague that devastated medieval Europe. It focuses on the many
effects it had on the culture of medieval Europe and the possibility that it expedited cultural change. I found that Robert S. Gottfried had two main
theses in the book. He argued that rodent and insect life cycles, as well as the changing of weather systems affect plague. He claimed that the
devastation plague causes is partly due to its perpetual recurrences. Plague ravaged Europe in cycles, devastated the people when they were
recuperating. As can be later discovered in the book, the cycles of plague consumed the European population. A second thesis, which he described in
greater detail,...show more content...
Doctors responded with a series of changes are to thank for the development of modern science. Gottfried succeeded in convincing me that his thesis
was truth. The opening chapters gave me a solid background of plague, explaining why he believes it had such an impact on medieval population and
culture. Next, it delves into the affect that changing weather had on the plagues, explaining the European environment during 1050–1347; the time of
plagues greatest destruction. That complete, Gottfried describes the consequences immediately following the plague. It is said that the disease
killed 25% to 40% of Eurasia and part of Africa. By this point, it is more than obvious that plague had a tragic affect on Medieval Europe, but it is
unclear as to the causes, and the effect plague had on society, which seemed to be his theses in the opening chapters. But he does not ignore these
topics. After giving a full background on plague and European culture and environment, Gottfried gives solid details to support his theses. According
to Gottfried, the Medical structure of Medieval Europe, adopted from that of the Romans, was nearly eliminated in the search for ways to cure
plague. The spread of plague, successfully stated by Gottfried, directly depends on climate. Plague can only spread under certain climate conditions. In
order for Y. Pestis, a series of complex bacterial strains, to survive, it mustn't be too hot nor too cold.

The Plague
The Black Death
"The Black Death" is known as the worst natural disaster in European history. The plague spread throughout Europe from 1346–1352. Those who
survived lived in constant fear of the plague's return and it did not disappear until the 1600s. Not only were the effects devastating at the time of
infection, but during the aftermath as well. "The Black Death" of the fourteenth century dramatically altered Europe's social and economic structure.
The plague was spread by fleas, which were not effected by the disease. Fleas first infected the rats, which lived off garbage and sewage. The rats then
spread the infection to the humans. Rats were a common sight in the cities, due to the poor sanitary conditions, so no one...show more content...
"The Black Death" alone was not the only factor that was responsible for the social and economic change although it was the most important (Ziegler
234). Even without "The Black Death" continued deterioration in Europe would have been likely. The social and economic change had already set in
well before 1346. For at least twenty–five years before "The Black Death," exports, agricultural production, and the area of cultivated land had all been
shrinking. "The Black Death" contributed a large part to all of this destruction and led to important changes in the social and economic structure of the
country (Ziegler 234–235). The plague touched every aspect of social life (Herlihy 19). There was hardly a generation that was not affected by the
plague (www.jefferson.village.virginia.edu). Families were set against each other– the well rejecting the sick (www.byu.edu). Families left each other
in fear. Many people died without anyone looking after them. When the plague appeared in a house, frightened people abandoned the house and fled to
another (www.jefferson.village.virginia.edu). Due to this, the plague spread more rapidly because people were not aware that being in the same house
with the infected person had already exposed them to it. Physicians could not be found because they had also died. Physicians who could be found
wanted large sums of money before they entered the house (www.jefferson.village.virginia.edu). When the

Positive And Negative Effects Of Black Death
Describe both the positive and negative effects the Black Death and the breakup of the Mongol empire had during the Renaissance.
These two events not only left Europe with no way out for a long time, but they also intervened with the most important factor during this years.
Trading. The positive effect it had was the growth of Europe's population which encouraged trading to keep on growing as well. Europe was now
trading with Asia, which made it a lot easier, because of the fact that they could move their merchandise through Asia and get it to Europe.
Why do you think prince Henry decided to ally with Portugal an North Africa instead of conquering both? Did he had a special purpose with these? If
so plain what it was.
First of all I think he did not have enough people to do it, and second, conquering was not his goal. His goal was getting to discover new parts of the
world, which is why his Portuguese men...show more content...
He spent several months investigating the islands of the Caribbean and assumed this was India, which is why he called the people Indians. People now
recognized him as a hero, not only because of the new people, but because he had discovered a route to unknown continents.
What took Portugal and Spain to create their own empire.
After the lands were discovered by Christopher, the king and queen of Spain both requested help from pope Alexander VI to claim the land theirs.
They got to an agreement, where the land would be divided in two zones; the west be belonging to Spain, and the east belonging to Portugal. Since in
those times, geography could not be technologically proven, the treaty made,was like a push for these two nations, and the other resting ones, to start
claiming their lands and building their empires as fast as possible.
Do you think balboa's discovery was important for the events that happened later on? Why or why

Essay On Black Death
The Black Death was one of the most devastating pandemics in human history, resulting in the death of some 75 to 200 million people in Europe in the
years 1346–53. There were several competing theories as to the etiology of the Black Death, analysis of DNA from victims in northern and southern
Europe published in 2010–11 indicates that the pathogen responsible for the Yersinia pestis bacterium probably caused several forms of theplague.The
Black Death is thought to have come from the arid plains of Central Asia, where it travelled along the Silk road, reaching the Cremea by 1343. From
there it most likely was carried by rat fleas living on the black rats that were passengers on merchant ships. Spreading throughout the Mediterranean
...show more content...
The most commonly noted symptom was the appearance of buboes in the groin, the neck and armpits, which oozed pus and bled when opened. From
the parts of the body this deadly gavocciolo soon began to propagate and spread itself in all directions indifferently; after which the form of the
malady began to change, black spots or livid making their appearance in many cases on the arm or the thigh or elsewhere, now few and large, now
minute and numerous. It is said that the plague takes three forms. In the first people suffer an infection of the lungs, which leads to breathing
difficulties. Whoever has this corruption or contamination to any extent cannot escape but will die within two days. Another form...in which boils
erupt under the armpits, a third form in which people of both sexes are attacked in the groin. The modern bubonic plague has a mortality rate of 30–75%
and symptoms including fever of 38–
41 В°C (100–106 В°F), headaches, painful aching joints, nausea and vomiting, and a general feeling of malaise. Left untreated, of those that contract
the bubonic plague, 80 percent die within eight days. The mechanism by which Y. pestis was usually transmitted was established in 1898

The Black Death Essay
The Black Death
The Black Death, the most severe epidemic in human history, ravaged Europe from 1347–1351. This plague killed entire families at a time and
destroyed at least 1,000 villages. Greatly contributing to the Crisis of the Fourteenth Century, the Black Death had many effects beyond its immediate
symptoms. Not only did the Black Death take a devastating toll on human life, but it also played a major role in shaping European life in the years
following.
The Black Death consisted mainly of Bubonic plague, but pneumonic plague was also present in the epidemic. Symptoms of the Bubonic plague
included high fever, aching limbs, and blood vomiting. Most characteristic of the disease were swollen lymph nodes, which grew until they...show more
content...
European economy and society changed drastically following the Black Death. Because so many people had died, there was a huge labor shortage.
This contributed to the end of the feudal system, since serfs could often leave their manors and make a better living in cities. In addition to better work
opportunities, survivors of the plague had a surplus of material goods. Many of the dead had left behind entire estates and other belongings. These
goods were available through inheritance and looting. At this time, the pawnshop business, made famous by the Medici family, became extremely
successful. Through these factors, Europe experienced an overall rise in its standard of living.
The plague also affected religion and art, which became very dark and preoccupied with death. Many people believed that the Black Death came from
God's extreme anger at the world. A group of fanatics, called Flagellants, inflicted various punishments on themselves in an attempt to atone for the
world's sins––and end the disease. An artistic style known as the danse macabre depicted skeletons and corpses mingling with the living during happy
occasions. These actions reminded the people of the overriding sense of doom that shadowed their lives because of the Black Death.
The Black Death changed European history in many significant ways. Its fatal symptoms took many human lives, and its influence carried over into
many areas of society. Economically, Europe flourished because

The Black Death was an extensive epidemic that spread across Europe from 1346 to 1353, killing over an estimated one–third of Europe's entire
population (Medieval World 56). Although historians are not entirely sure of its origin, the Black Death spread quickly across both Europe and Asia
with a death toll that augmented rapidly. The plague also had unusual and deadly symptoms, causing "panic everywhere, with men and women
knowing no way to stop death except to flee from it" (Kohn 28). The chaos created by the malevolent force of the Black Death impacted the society of
Europe as a whole. Despite the extent of the Black Death, we know surprisingly little of it (Cartwright and Biddiss 38); however, historians have
presented numerous theories...show more content...
The bubonic plague was the main contender of the Black Death (Byrne 15–16) which was primarily spread through the bacteria Yersinia pestis found in
the stomach (Corbishley 47) of the Xenopsylla cheopis, a common flea (Byrne 197). The flea would then feed on a host's blood, and regurgitate
the bacteria into the host, causing the victim to become infected the bubonic plague (Nox). The Rattus rattus, or black rat, is considered to have
helped the spread of the Black Death by carrying the fleas that carried the bacteria causing bubonic plague (Byrne 196). Upon infection of the
bubonic plague, a variety of symptoms appeared quite quickly. During the first few days, victims would develop a headache, chills, a fever,
weakness, an increased pulse, and a white tongue. As the disease progressed, red and black spots, also called gangrene, appeared due to the body's
tissue dying, and buboes, swollen lymph nodes filled with blood, puss, and bacteria, appeared on the victim's groin, neck, and arm pits (Zahler 26–27).
As the plague progressed, the bacteria began running rampant throughout the victim's body, eventually developing pneumonic plague, a plague within
the lungs (Cartwright and Biddiss 30). The symptoms of pneumonic plague mirror the symptoms of en exceptionally virulent pneumonia. Bubonic

The Black Death : The Deaths Of The Black Death
Have you ever thought about how our ancestors survived through all of the diseases from hundreds of years ago? Well hundreds of years ago in the
Medieval ages, our ancestors from Europe had to survive a deadly plague called the Black Death. have you ever thought how our ancestors were
affected by that disease? Our ancestors had to live through the Black Death and were affected by the Black Death emotionally, physically, and
economically. So many people had to live through the Black Death and were hurt emotionally that they had to lose their family and friends all
because of the Black Death. a lot of people thought that the Black Death was a punishment from God and the angels. people thought they were
being punished for their sins. Seracambi who was an apothecary drew a drawing that showed the Angels shooting arrows at people to kill them. this
is what people thought was happening in the medieval ages. Seracambi drew many deaths of the Black Death. when he made records of these
deaths, he started to draw images of what was happening in the Black Death. he's are donating the images or drawings to the local Lord as a
reference. In one of his drawings for the source, he drew the Angels coming out of the clouds looking very angry at the humans shooting arrows at
them and pouring some sort of powder onto the humans. Now because of these deaths, people were hurt emotionally to see their loved ones and their
friends just die in front of them. these pictures Seracambi drew,

Persuasive Essay On The Black Death
"DO NOT, and I mean DO NOT go outside unless I am with you," repeated my dad, for what seemed like thousands of times. As I always did, I
responded with, "Yes dad, I know." My dad constantly inserted this line in my head, and every time I always dozed off thinking about everyone daring
to be outside and all the contagious people and loved ones lost. These were precautions that my father took to protect he and I from the human
eliminating disease, known as the Black Death. It had been two years since the plague had begun in 1347 and started to infect and savagely kill
millions of people, almost в…“ of Europe's whole population, to be exact, when fleas on rats spread the disease, but somehow my dad and I were
still alive. My mom and my little sister caught the plague about a year ago and died a horrid and tragic death. It was the saddest day of my dad and
I's lives, and we vowed to be strong for them and survive as long as we could in their honor. The tears that rushed down our faces, and the pain the
surged through our bodies on that day was almost unbearable. Somehow we managed not to get infected with the disease when my mom and
sister had got it, despite the disease being transmittable through touch of clothes and even air. I guess you could call it a miracle, but during this
period of time, the word miracle wasn't such a good one to use, considering the amount of disease and death. My hometown, Paris, and its people
had almost all been infected by the raging and dangerous Black Plague. Paris was one of the first countries in Europe that was affected by the
Black Death. Because of the deadly plague, every single day, and I mean every single day, my life was the same. I, Bobby Brown, and my dad,
Herald Brown, brushed our teeth, ate the small amounts of food that we rationed out to help survive, put on clothes that could cover us completely,
and worked on dividing the food, items, and goods around the house, because we couldn't leave. My house was like a dungeon, except the bad
things were on the outside of it and not in the house. My father and I had to be strong; we had to keep fighting to survive for our family and every
other family affected by this disease. My father always pleaded to me, "Never let

Narrative Essay On The Black Death
The sun warms my back as I skip alongside my younger sister through the brightly colored garden. A bird calls just above my head, and a sugary
white rabbit hops across the road. I hear my mother sweetly calling my name for lunch, "Alice", then again, "Alice", then more forcefully, "Alice!" I
hear a rustling from behind, as something simultaneously shakes my shoulders. The warmth from holding my sister's hand disappears, the world goes
black, and my eyes close almost as quickly as they flutter back open. I see my mother standing above my bed, waiting expectantly – it was only just a
dream.
After slipping on my tunic and pulling my hair back, I wake up Matilda, my five–year–old sister. I then head over to my parents for a breakfast of
bread and vegetables. With the sun barely rising over the horizon I began a long day of work, which was required by the noble who own the land.
While mindlessly feeding the pigs and sheep and planting seeds and weeding the fields, all I can really pay attention to is the whisperings of a deadly
illness sweeping across nearby villages. My heart races as hushed voices discuss this "Black Death".
"I heard people with the Black Death are covered in red and black boils," a female exclaimed.
"Yes! And fever and muscle pains too," another described.
"My friend two towns over died three days after showing symptoms. We best avoid mice and fleas," a man grimly said. Terrified of these
conversations, I prayed for the day to end quickly so that

The Black Death Essay
The Black Death Black Death, epidemic of plague which ravaged Europe in the mid–14th century. Various forms of plague were known in the civilized
world since ancient times. Greek and Roman historians described outbreaks of an epidemic disease which were sudden and deadly: at Constantinople
in the 6th century AD, for example, as much as half the population may have been killed. The outbreak which reached Europe from China in 1347, and
spread rapidly and with disastrous results to most countries, has been given the name the Black Death, though contemporaries did not use this term.
Epidemiology of the Black...show more content...
More deadly still was pneumonic plague, one of the most infectious and fatal diseases known to man. It was commonest in the cold winter months,
affected the lungs and was easily transmitted, for it could be spread by coughs and sneezes. It was 95 per cent fatal, victims normally dying within
three days of the onset.
Spread of the Black Death
[IMAGE]
[IMAGE]
[IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE]The Black Death of the mid–14th century probably began in the steppes of Central Asia and spread to China and India.
Contemporary chroniclers thought that a series of natural disasters, such as earthquakes, had upset the ecological balance there. Merchants travelling
from the affected regions may have carried the disease along the usual trade routes to the Middle East and the Mediterranean. It reached
Constantinople in 1347, Messina in Sicily (its first European appearance) in October 1347, and Paris and the south coast of England in the summer of
1348. It then spread rapidly to the rest of Europe. That it continued in the winter months as well as the summer suggests that the pneumonic form was
also present with bubonic plague, for the former flourishes in cramped living conditions where people huddle together for warmth. The speed with
which the disease was spread in a largely rural and, by modern standards, not densely populated, society; the short interval between infection and death;

Black Death Essay Test
The Bubonic Plague, or the Black Death, was the worst recorded pandemic in our human existence. The Black Death ravaged through trade routes
from its origins in Central Asia all the way to Eastern Europe between 1347 to 1351. The damage the disease left behind is overwhelming as the high
mortality rate of over one–third of the European population were killed off along with the undocumented cases of the people along the trade routes as
the merchants traveled from village to village. The plague did not just bring depopulation however, it also brought later suffering and prosperity to the
places affected. The Bubonic Plague was and still is a catastrophic disease that needs to be remembered so nothing like it can happen again.
The plague was a terrifying disease originating from the heart of Central Asia causing chaos wherever it might find itself, according to Text 1: The
Black Death, "The Black Death is the bubonic plague, and is caused by bad bacteria (Y. Pestis) which lives in the stomachs of fleas that live on rats."
The infested fleas would travel on rats who would then travel with the wandering merchants travelling along the trade routes between Asia and Europe.
The fleas would infect their prey by biting, than vomiting into the hole they had just created to spread the disease from their stomachs to the victim's
bloodstream, infecting them. The reason for the widespread of the disease was because rats and fleas were extremely prevalent in

The Black Death had extensive effects on the lives of medieval citizens. The pestilence boosted the economy, had a serious impact on religion, and
advanced science and medicine. The Bubonic Plague, or more commonly referred to as the Black Death, began in the early 1330's (The Black Death:
Bubonic Plague) . In the very populated civilization of China, the Bubonic plague was carried by fleas. These fleas infected rats and humans. After a
human was infected, the plague would spread very quickly. In 1347, the infected of China sent the plague to Europe and to England in 1948 using a
trade route. The Bubonic plague infected the Mediterranean, France, Spain, and Italy. Then, it spread to Britain, Scandinavia, and Russia (Mason). The
Bubonic Plague also had no mercy when it came to who would be infected. The Black Death took the lives of the elderly, children, and men and
women of all ages. The plague was not exclusive to the poor. It took the lives of nuns, peasants, monks, archbishops, and even royalty. Life as citizens
knew it before, would be forever changed.
The Black Death had a great impact on the economy. Europe had been undergoing a great population boost up until the plague. The Black Death put
an end to this boost and even broke down the population much farther. Workers, that were still alive, demanded higher wages and better working
conditions. In 1349, an English law was made that stated that a worker had to accept the same salary that they were given in 1346. Soon

Essay About THE BLACK DEATH

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Essay About THE BLACK DEATH