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ABSTRACT
This research’s overall aim is to investigate the relationships between the management
information system and the decision-making effectiveness of managers and the project successes
in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam. This research has five main research objectives. The first
objective is to understand the knowledge associated with the management information system for
manager’s decision-making. The second objective is to analyze how the decision-making
effectiveness of managers and the project success are impacted by management information
system in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam. The third objective is to analyze causes for the poor
system of management information in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam. The fourth objective is
to evaluate the current management information system performance in Coca-Cola Company in
Vietnam. The final objective is to recommend better solutions related to improving the
management information system of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam to result in better
management decisions in the projects. This research gains all five research objectives and the
overall aim. The research conclusions prove this thing:
This research chooses philosophic pragmatism, deductive approach, mixed research method, and
survey strategy. This research chooses data collection technique - questionnaire, sampling
technique (simple random sampling), sampling size (90 managers of Coca-Cola Company in
Vietnam), data analysis technique (SPSS software) for the quantitative data analysis and the
thematic analysis approach for the qualitative data analysis. This research explores that the
decision-making effectiveness of managers and the project success are positively impacted by
management information system in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam. This research explores that
there are five main causes for the poor system of management information in Coca-Cola
Company as follows: (1) too complicated user interface of management information system, (2)
lack of the ability to update changes in organization of the management information system, (3)
irrelevant information creation from management information system, (4) lack of information
security of management information system and (5) lack of the effective methodology and
effective stages of management information system. This research has investigated causes for the
poor system of management information in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam. This research
explores that the current management information system performance in Coca-Cola Company
in Vietnam is low because it does not create good conditions for managers in Coca-Cola

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Company in Vietnam to increase the decision-making effectiveness of the managers and to
increase the project successes. In addition, this research gives better solutions related to
improving the management information system of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam to result in
better management decisions in the projects.

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CONTENTS
ABSTRACT..................................................................................................................................................1
CHAPTER ONE – INTRODUCTION.........................................................................................................6
1.1 Research background..............................................................................................................................6
1.2 Research rationales .................................................................................................................................8
1.3 Research aim and objectives...................................................................................................................9
1.4 Research structure.................................................................................................................................10
CHAPTER TWO – LITERATURE REVIEW ...........................................................................................12
2.1 Introduction...........................................................................................................................................12
2.2 Management information system..........................................................................................................12
2.2.1 Definition of management information system .............................................................................12
2.2.2 Benefits of management information system.................................................................................13
2.3 How management information system impacts on the decision-making effectiveness of managers ...15
2.4 How management information system impacts on the project success ................................................17
2.5 Causes for the poor system of management information......................................................................19
2.5.1 Too complicated user interface of management information system.............................................19
2.5.2 Lack of the ability to update changes in organization of the management information system.....20
2.5.3 Irrelevant information creation from management information system.........................................20
2.5.4 Lack of information security of management information system ................................................21
2.5.5 Lack of the effective methodology and effective stages of management information system.......21
2.6 How to evaluate the management information system performance ....................................................22
2.7 Working culture of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam and other nations ..............................................23
2.8 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................................24
CHAPTER THREE – RESEARCH METHODOLOGY............................................................................25
3.1 Introduction...........................................................................................................................................25
3.2 Research philosophy.............................................................................................................................25
3.3 Research approach ................................................................................................................................26
3.4 Research strategy ..................................................................................................................................26
3.5 Research method...................................................................................................................................27
3.6 Data collection approach.......................................................................................................................27
3.6.1 Data collection technique...............................................................................................................27
3.6.2 Sampling technique and size..........................................................................................................28
3.7 Data analysis technique.........................................................................................................................29

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3.8 Research ethics......................................................................................................................................29
3.9 Research methodology limitations........................................................................................................30
3.10 Conclusion ..........................................................................................................................................30
CHAPTER FOUR – RESEARCH FINDINGS, ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION...................................31
4.1 Introduction...........................................................................................................................................31
4.2 Demographic information of managers of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam.......................................31
4.3 Reliability analysis of factors................................................................................................................33
4.4 Research findings about how the decision-making effectiveness of managers and the project success
are impacted by management information system in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam.............................34
4.4.1 How the decision-making effectiveness of managers is impacted by management information
system in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam............................................................................................34
4.4.2 How the project success is impacted by management information system in Coca-Cola Company
in Vietnam...............................................................................................................................................36
4.5 Research findings about causes for the poor system of management information in Coca-Cola
Company in Vietnam..................................................................................................................................37
4.6 Research findings about the current management information system performance in Coca-Cola
Company in Vietnam..................................................................................................................................40
4.7 Discussions of all research findings......................................................................................................41
4.7.1 Discussions of the research findings about the positive relationship between management
information system and the decision-making effectiveness of managers in Coca-Cola Company in
Vietnam...................................................................................................................................................41
4.7.2 Discussions of the research findings about the positive relationship between management
information system and the project successes in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam................................42
4.7.3 Discussions of the research findings about causes for the poor system of management information
in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam........................................................................................................43
4.7.3 Discussions of the research findings about the current management information system
performance in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam...................................................................................44
4.8 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................................45
CHAPTER FIVE – CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION..........................................................46
5.1 Introduction...........................................................................................................................................46
5.2 Research conclusions............................................................................................................................46
5.3 Research contributions..........................................................................................................................48
5.4 Research limitations..............................................................................................................................49
5.5 Recommendations.................................................................................................................................51
5.6 Client feedback (feedback of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam)..........................................................52
5.7 Conclusion ............................................................................................................................................53

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REFERENCES ...........................................................................................................................................54
APPENDIX: QUESTIONNAIRE...............................................................................................................60

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CHAPTER ONE – INTRODUCTION
1.1 Research background
Management information system is very important for improving decision-making of managers
of companies. Indeed, to make effective decisions, it is important for managers to an effective
information system because the decisions are based on the accuracy level of available
information and data. For example, for a project decision, managers always need detailed and
exact information and data related to the project aspects to make effective project decision such
as project resources, project costs, project time, etc. (Nowduri, 2011; Deoda, 2015). Based on the
significant role which data and information play in selection of decisions to be made, companies
have to assure that they have an effective management information system. Before deciding to
choose management information system to use, it is crucial for managers to assure that their
choice is completely suitable with their current information system because it avoid problems in
relation to the management information system and to save the cost and the time to learn
completely new management information system (Babaei and Beikzad, 2013; Ghaffarzadeh,
2015).
According to Reddy et al. (2009) Alonso et al. (2010), the management information system not
only includes systems of software but also the entire set of business resources and business
processes which are used to gain the high business performance. Data and information from the
management information system are presented timely and effective manner so that all managers
in companies can use the data and the information to take the right and effective strategies. The
management information system is designed so that managers of companies will meet their
tactical and strategic goals in the long time. Thus, it is very important for managers to focus
much on using effective management information system to gain the high decision-making
effectiveness and to gain the project successes (Vittal and Shivraj, 2008). According to Abdel
and Mahmoud (2009), before using a management information system, companies need to
carefully evaluate all aspects related to the management information system and the demands of
managers within the companies. Indeed, when a management information system is chosen, the
expenses of conducting solutions, managing the organizational information and monitoring daily

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business operations are quite high. The results of the management information system must food
values to the companies to compensate the expenses of the management information system.
The Vietnamese food and beverage industry has had a high contribution to GDP of Vietnam
(accounting for 37% of GDP) and has created over 400,000 jobs for Vietnamese citizens. This
means that the economic development of Vietnam and the employment in the Vietnamese
environment are partly retained by the Vietnamese food and beverage industry and thus, it is
important for the Vietnamese government to create good conditions for companies in the
Vietnamese food and beverage industry to operate and develop (Vietnam News, 2015). One of
the famous beverage companies in Vietnam is Coca-Cola Company because the beverage brands
of Coca-Cola Company have become too familiar with each citizen in the Vietnamese market. In
Vietnam, Coca-Cola Company has gained the powerful position and is regarded as one of the
largest beverage companies. However, this company has faced many problems relating to
management information system for manager’s decision-making in its projects which lead to the
negative impacts on its corporate performance. This research concentrates much on exploring
management information system for manager’s decision-making in projects of Coca-Cola
Company in Vietnam. Simultaneous management of various projects requires managers of Coca-
Cola Company to use good management information system because the ineffective
management information system can create problems and errors in decision-making and the
project successes in Coca-Cola Company. This is a main reason why Coca-Cola Company in
Vietnam needs to concentrate much on its system of management information for manager’s
decision-making in its projects. Through this research, it can help Coca-Cola Company to
improve the effectiveness of the management information system to improve the decision-
making effectiveness of managers in Coca-Cola Company and to improve project successes in
the future.

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1.2 Research rationales
This research concentrates much on exploring the system of management information for
manager’s decision-making of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam because of three key rationales
as below:
Firstly, the effect of management information system on the decision-making effectiveness of
managers and the project successes of many companies is high because managers need to exact
and detailed information and data related to their projects to make project decisions effectively
and to gain the high project performance. The management information system gives an overall
picture for an organization and then, managers of the organization can base the overall picture to
make effective strategic decisions. In fact, the management information system acts as a
planning and communication tool for managers of companies so that they can plan their
companies’ business operations through collected information and data from the management
information system (Al-Zhrani, 2010; Asefeh et al., 2011). In particular, when managers have
enough exact information and data in relation to their projects and their decision-making aspects,
they will become more effective in making business decisions and make project decisions. Thus,
this research has an emphasis on evaluating whether the system of management information in
Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam has a positive effect on the decision-making effectiveness of
managers and the project successes in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam.
Secondly, for companies, when project decision-making is effective and the project successes are
high, the companies can gain the business successes and can gain the good positions in their
business environments (Vittal and Shivraj, 2008). For Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam, when
project decision-making is effective and the project successes are high, Coca-Cola Company in
Vietnam can gain the high effectiveness in its business operations and can retain the high
positions in the business markets in Vietnam. In this case, the effective system of management
information becomes very necessary for Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam. Based on the research
findings, this research proposes solutions to support managers of Coca-Cola Company in
Vietnam to make better decisions related to their projects in the future by using a good
management information system. In other words, this research will be a strategic tool for

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managers of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam to improve the effectiveness of project decision-
making and to improve the project effectiveness in the future.
Finally, this research will enhance the amount of the literature involved in the system of
management information for manger’s decision-making in the Vietnamese context. Indeed, the
earlier researches have focused on investigating the system of management information for
manager’s decision-making in developed countries like Germany, the United Kingdom (the UK),
the United States (the US), Japan, etc. However, the amount of the literature involved in the
system of management information for manager’s decision-making in the Vietnamese context is
limited. Thus, the system of the management information for manager’s decision-making in
Vietnam is a quite new aspect and this research expects that it can create the system of
management information of manager’s decision-making in the Vietnamese context. Then, other
studies can utilize this research to know how the decision-making effectiveness of managers and
the project success are impacted by management information system in Coca-Cola Company in
Vietnam and to understand causes for the poor system of management information in Coca-Cola
Company in Vietnam.
Because of the above research rationales, this research has a title: “Management information
system for decision-making of managers in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam”.
1.3 Research aim and objectives
This research’s overall aim is to investigate the relationships between the management
information system and the decision-making effectiveness of managers and the project successes
in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam. With the overall research aim, this research has five main
research objectives:
Objective 1: To understand the knowledge associated with the management information system
for manager’s decision-making
Objective 2: To analyze how the decision-making effectiveness of managers and the project
success are impacted by management information system in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam

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Objective 3: To analyze causes for the poor system of management information in Coca-Cola
Company in Vietnam
Objective 4: To evaluate the current management information system performance in Coca-Cola
Company in Vietnam
Objective 5: To recommend better solutions related to improving the management information
system of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam to result in better management decisions in the
projects
1.4 Research structure
Five chapters are included in this research. Thus, apart from the chapter one (Introduction) that
indicates basic information in relation to research aim and objectives, research context, and
research reasons, other chapters are included in this research as follows:
Chapter two – Literature review presents concepts, theories and models related to research aim
and research objectives. In particular, this research reviews the concept of management
information system, analyzes the theories and the models expressing how the decision-making
system, analyzes the theories related to causes for the poor system of management information,
and analyzes how to evaluate the management information system performance. In addition, this
chapter indicates the working culture of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam and other nations.
After this chapter analyzes concepts, theories and models related to research aim and research
objectives, it will build a theoretical framework for this research.
Chapter three – Research methodology offers the choice of the methodology to gain the overall
purpose. In particular, this chapter presents the selection of research philosophy, approach,
method, and strategy. This chapter also presents the selection of data collection technique,
sampling technique, sampling size and data analysis technique. In addition, this chapter presents
research methodology limitations and research ethics. Through this chapter, this research will
select the best research methodology to gain the research aim and the research objectives validly
and this chapter is very important for this research to choose the suitable research methodology.

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Chapter four – Research findings, analysis and discussion presents how the decision-making
system in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam. This chapter also analyzes causes for the poor
system of management information in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam and evaluates the current
management information system performance in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam. In addition,
this chapter discusses the research findings through comparing them with the research results of
the earlier studies so that the author can find differences and similarities between this research
and the earlier studies. Through this chapter, all research objectives are achieved by this research
and the research issues are explored clearly.
Chapter five – Conclusion and recommendation is a summary chapter that indicates all important
things that are found by this research. This chapter also indicates research limitations that this
research needs to surmount in researches in the future and research contributions that this
research creates from its research processes. In addition, this chapter recommends better
solutions related to improving the management information system of Coca-Cola Company in
Vietnam to result in better management decisions in the projects and gives client feedback
(feedback of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam). Through this chapter, managers of Coca-Cola
Company in Vietnam can find useful information to improve the management information
system to make project decisions in the more effective ways. In other words, this chapter is very
valid for managers in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam to use because it helps the managers to
know solutions for solutions to improve the ineffective issues in the management information
system of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam.

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CHAPTER TWO – LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction
This chapter presents concepts, theories and models related to research aim and research
objectives. In particular, this research reviews the concept of management information system,
analyzes the theories and the models expressing how management information system impacts
on the decision-making effectiveness of managers and the project success, analyzes the theories
related to causes for the poor system of management information, and analyzes how to evaluate
the management information system performance. Moreover, in this chapter, the author will
indicate the working culture of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam and other nations. After this
chapter analyzes concepts, theories and models related to research aim and research objectives, it
will build a theoretical framework for this research.
2.2 Management information system
2.2.1 Definition of management information system
Because of the importance of management information system, many researchers focus much on
defining the management information system. In particular, Ajayi et al. (2007) indicate that a
management information system is defined as an organized approach for the research of the
information and data that are necessary for the decision-making of the management department
of a company at different decision levels like operational, strategic and tactical decisions. The
objective of management information system is to design and conduct daily business tasks,
business processes and business procedures which offer appropriately detailed reports in a
timely, consistent and accurate manner. According to Ali et al. (2008), in a management
information system, computerized and modern technologies continuously collect relevant
information and data, both from outside and inside a company. The information and data are then
processed, stored, and integrated in a centralized data warehouse or a centralized database where
it is persistently updated and is made available to all managers in the company so that the
managers can choose the necessary information and data serve their decision-making purposes.

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Alonso et al. (2010) describe that management information system is the software system and the
hardware system within a company which offers the information for managers to run the
company. Currently, the management information system is applied widely in different contexts
and includes decision support system, resource management applications, transaction processing
system, executive information system, expert system, people management applications, database
retrieval applications and project management. Thus, the management information system covers
aspects which are very vital to the ability of companies to survive and growth. The top
management should not lose insights into this fact. Al-Zhrani (2010) confirms that many
companies upgrade their management information systems very carefully because the upgrade of
the management information systems contains high relevant risks. The individuals who use
management information systems must know the weaknesses and the strengths of these systems
to increase the decision-making effectiveness and to avoid available weaknesses of these
systems.
According to Asemi et al. (2011), a management information system concentrates much on the
management of information and data to offer the high effectiveness for managers’ strategic
decision-making. The management information system has relations with other fields like
information system, e-commerce, information technology, computer system and informatics. As
a result, the management information system helps companies to maximize the benefits from
investments in business processes, equipment and human resources. In addition, Balaban and
Diviak (2013) indicate that it is important for companies to focus much on their management
information systems because the management information systems help them to ensure effective
business decision-making and effective project decision-making and to run their business
operations effectively.
2.2.2 Benefits of management information system
A management information system will generate information with the high quality and data that
managers to make business-related decisions and project-related decisions. In particular, the
management information system generates data and information which are managed by
comprehensive and qualified database. As a result, the business successes and project successes
will be increased due to the quality information and data generated from the management

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information system (Ali et al., 2008). The management information system will increase
customer satisfaction because feedback from customers about products/services is clearly
provided from the management information system. Indeed, expectations of customers about
products/services are described in detail and then, companies can use the information and data
related to customer expectations to create products/services with the higher quality to serve their
customers in the better ways (Asemi et al., 2011). The management information system increases
the ability to have good and fast responses to actions of rivals. Due to the timely and valid
information from the management information system, managers can decide how to deal with
business strategies and business approaches of their companies’ rivals and then, their companies
still retain the market share and customer base in the business markets (Lee-Kelley and Sankey,
2008).
The management information system will increase operational efficiency and flexibility because
the system will create good conditions for companies to know what business operations are good
and what business operations are not necessary and are not valid. Then, they will increase the
effectiveness and the flexibility of good business operations and will improve the effectiveness
and the flexibility of negative business operations (Chen and Hsiao, 2012). The management
information system will increase the quality of external and internal communications because the
application of the management information system will help all organization members to have
clear and effective communications with each other and will help all organizational members to
have effective communications with individuals outside their organizations (Caniels and Bakens,
2012). The management information system will create good conditions for companies to
increase the quality of business planning and the quality of business control. Indeed, the
management information system will support the business planning process and business control
process by offering useful information and data related to the business operations to the
management (Balaban and Diviak, 2013).
In short, the management information system has six main benefits as follows: (1) increase the
quality of management decisions, (2) increasing the customer satisfaction level, (3) increase the
ability to have good and fast responses to actions of rivals, (4) increasing the operational
efficiency and flexibility, (5) increasing the quality of external and internal communications and
(6) increasing the quality of business planning and the quality of business control. Thus, it is

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important for companies to use the effective management information system so that they can
gain these six main benefits of the management information systems.
2.3 How management information system impacts on the decision-making
effectiveness of managers
According to Bendoly and Swink (2007), the management information system has a positive
impact on the decision-making effectiveness of managers because the management information
system creates good conditions for the managers to have deep understandings about all
information and aspects related to their strategic decisions to make their strategic decisions with
the fast time and with the effective approach. Caniels and Bakens (2012) reflect that due to the
management information system, managers can cover all aspects like financial aspect, people
aspect, business environment aspect, customer aspect, etc. before making their strategic
decisions. According to Chen and Hsiao (2012), managers can identify problems related to the
projects and the business operations fast and can handle these problems due to the management
information system. Then, their strategic decision-making become more effectively. Moreover,
managers can identify their companies’ weaknesses and strengths due to the information
associated with sales reports, record of human resources’ performance, reports of financial
aspects, etc. Identifying these aspects can not only help managers to make their strategic
decisions effectively but also help their companies to improve the business processes and
business operations.
Fadel and Brown (2010) reflect that the management information system gives an overall picture
for an organization and then, managers can base the overall picture to make effective strategic
decisions. In fact, the management information system acts as a planning and communication
tool for managers so that they can plan their companies’ business operations through collected
information and data from the management information system. The availability of customer
feedback and customer information can create good conditions for managers of the companies to
align their business processes that are suitable with needs and expectations of their customers.
The effective management of customer information can help these companies to conduct
promotion activities and to conduct decision-making related to development of new products and
new services successfully (Deoda, 2015).

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Kahura (2013) indicates that the management information system has a positive impact on the
decision-making effectiveness of managers because the managers can base the available
information related to business operations to make faster and better business decisions compared
with competitiors in the business market. According to Ghaffarzadeh (2015), the management
information system can help managers to make valid and effective decisions by offering exact
and up-to-date data and information and conducting analytic functions. The managers have to
assure that their management information systems which they select can work with the available
information technologies in their companies and can have innovative and effective
characteristics. The suitable management information system can structure the basic information
that is available from corporate records and corporate operations into reports to present managers
with the detailed guidance for their strategic decisions.
Lee-Kelley and Sankey (2008) confirm that when managers make strategic decisions based on
information that is available from their management information systems, the managers have the
high effective of decision-making. The management information system takes information
generated by the operation level and organizes the information into beneficial formats and the
management information system typically has sales figures, cost figures, investment figures and
workforce information. If managers need to know the level of profits that their companies have
gained annually for the past three years to make strategic decisions, the management information
system can offer exact reports giving them that information. Furthermore, Mota et al. (2009)
indicate that the management information system is regarded as a main decision-making tool for
managers because the managers can base on the available information in the management
information system to have suitable adjustment such as reducing employee levels, increasing
marketing budgets, or controlling business costs seriously. Then, the management information
system plays a vital role in helping managers to have suitable adjustments for their business
operations.
According to Nokhbatofoghahaayee et al. (2010), any decisions that managers make can lead to
changes in the company results and can require modifications to their overall business goals and
overall business strategies. The management information system creates good conditions for
managers to have the trend analysis in their business markets that allows them to forecast the
results in the future situations. In addition, the management information system can help the

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managers to know how they will change when they have conducted their decisions. Then, the
new values from the management information system support the managers to plan, and conduct
their strategic decisions. Nunamaker et al. (2016) indicate that while managers make their
strategic decisions with particular aims and have documents from the management information
system and trend analyses to support their strategic expectations, they have to keep continuous
track of their business results to assure they develop as the planned aspects. The management
information system gives managers the information and the data they need to identify whether
their strategic decisions have gained the expected results or whether they must conduct
corrective actions to reach their strategic goals. If particular results are not suitable, the managers
can use the management information system to assess the situations and decide to conduct
additional measurements if necessary. In short, there are many previous studies confirming that
the management information system has a positive impact on the decision-making effectiveness
of managers of companies. Based on these above discussions about the relationship amongst the
management information system and the decision-making effectiveness of managers, this
research proposes a hypothesis in the case of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam as follows:
H1: Management information system has a positive impact on the decision-making
effectiveness of managers in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam.
2.4 How management information system impacts on the project success
The management information system not only includes the system of software but also includes
the business process management system and resource management system. Then, it is used to
gain all the information related to business processes and business projects. For business
projects, data are presented in a timely and user-friendly manner so that the different project
managers can use it to take the right and effective actions. The management information system
is designed to help managers to make decisions related to projects effectively and to gain the
high effectiveness of projects (Al-Zhrani, 2010). According to Asemi et al. (2011), the
management information system has a positive impact on the project successes because all stages
of the projects are effectively planned and all results of all the stages of the projects are carefully
reported due to the management information system. In other words, due to the management

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information system, all stages of the projects are planned and controlled seriously and then, the
project success is high due to the management information system.
Balaban et al. (2013) confirm that companies have many functional systems and these systems
include logistic system, inventory system, financial system, call center system, sales system, and
other systems. The management information system combines the information from multiple
systems to help managers to make project decisions. For example, when a manager has a project
in terms of development of a new marketing strategy, he or she can find and combine available
data in the management information system such as available sales figures, available customer
needs, and other available information so that the manager take suitable actions to introduce the
products and services to customers to increase the project success of developing a new marketing
strategy. Moreover, Caniels and Bakens (2012) indicate that the primary function of the
management information system is to help managers to take right actions related to their
projects. For example, a sales manager can use available information to plan his or her sales
project, to control all stages of his or her sales project and to give a motive to his or her sales
employees. If the sales goals are not met, the manager and his or her sales employees can
consider their past actions and can conduct important changes to increase sales performance and
to meet sales goals. Thus, the management information system has a positive impact on the sales
project successes.
According to Chen and Hsiao (2012), the management information system has a positive impact
on the project successes. In particular, the management information system creates good
conditions for managers to have effective customer relationship management because the
managers can evaluate customer experience and customer attitudes through the available
information from the management information system. For example, a manager is conducting a
project in terms of development of customer satisfaction and then, the information related to
customer experience and customer feedback gained from the management information system is
very beneficial for the manager to ensure his project success. Deoda (2015) confirms that before
conducting a project, managers of a company need to review the business processes, the
transactional systems, the corporate resources, etc. through the management information system.
In addition, Fadel and Brown (2010) indicate that many managers of companies mistakenly think
that all management information systems are very effective because all data and information

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from these systems are combined. However, the value of the management information systems is
based on the management capabilities of the managers and the insights of the managers from
available information and data from the management information systems.
Ghaffarzadeh (2015) indicates that organizations can gain the project successes due to their
management information systems because they can control employee processes, can simplify
business processes and can remove unnecessary activities. Indeed, the management information
systems can reject repetitive tasks and can lead to better project planning through established
standards. In short, there are many previous studies confirming that the management information
system has a positive impact on the project successes of managers of companies. Based on these
above discussions about the relationship amongst the management information system and the
project successes of managers, this research proposes a hypothesis in the case of Coca-Cola
Company in Vietnam as follows:
H2: Management information system has a positive impact on the project success of managers
in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam.
2.5 Causes for the poor system of management information
2.5.1 Too complicated user interface of management information system
The management information system fails because its user interface is too complicated (Kahura,
2013). In fact, many managers feel difficult to use all functions of their management information
system and data are not presented in the user-friendly manner. Then, the information and data
generated from the management information system will become waste things if the mangers do
not use the information and the data. Before a company purchases a management information
system, it is important for the company has to be aware of the main problems that it can face
when using the management information system. The valid management information system is a
powerful tool which can help a company to make valid and effective decisions and can help the
company to forecast trends of business according to generated data and information. On the other
hand, an invalid management information system cannot help managers to gain important
information because of its too complex user interface (Mota et al., 2009). Thus, it is important
for suppliers of management information system to design management information systems

20
with simple user interface so that managers can be easy to use to gain necessary information to
serve their decision-making process.
2.5.2 Lack of the ability to update changes in organization of the management information
system
The management information system does not have the ability to update changes in a company
because it lacks the function of ensuring up-to-date information (Nunamaker et al., 2016). A
main problem for the management information system is the aspect of input of raw data and
information and the ability of maintenance of up-to-date information. Indeed, the sales figures,
expense figures, payment figures and other business information are changing constantly and it is
important for managers to ensure continuous import of the raw data into the management
information system to increase the valid and reliable information generated from the
management information system (Olumoye, 2013). However, it is not easy for managers of
companies to ensure continuous import of the raw data into the management information
system daily because the information related to sales figures, expense figures, payment figures,
and other business information is always changing daily. Then, they face a problem in terms of
the poor management information system (Patanakul and Milsosevic, 2008).
2.5.3 Irrelevant information creation from management information system
The management information system is not effective because it produces results which are not
relevant to business operations and it does not produce results in the timely way (Raymond and
Bergeron, 2008). Indeed, a valid management information system feature is the capability to
adapt to changes in business operations. The management information system becomes less valid
when its information and data are not relevant to business operations and its information and data
are not presented in the timely manner. The purpose of managers for using the management
information system is to gain valid and reliable information in the timely manner. Then, the
managers should not use non-relevant and invalid information from the poor management
information system because non-relevant and invalid information can lead to the poor decision-
making results, the project failure and the business failure. Saeed and Abdinnour-Helm (2008)
indicate that the managers cannot use the information and data from the management
information system to make decisions related to their business operations and business projects.

21
Based on such information and data from the poor management information system, the
effectiveness of decision-making will be very low and the project successes will not be ensured.
2.5.4 Lack of information security of management information system
The management information system lacks the information security (Urbach et al., 2009). In fact,
the important information related to business operations, and business projects must be stored
carefully by companies because leakage of such information will lead to the business fails. The
management information system becomes less valid when it does not ensure the security of the
information associated with business operations and business projects. It is important for
managers to ensure the business-related information security so that they can use the information
and data generated from the management information system to increase the business successes
and the project successes and they can avoid risks related to the information leakage. In fact,
many companies focus much on evaluating the level of information security of management
information systems before choosing these systems to gain the important management
information and data. When a management information system does not ensure the information
security, it is regarded as an unreliable and invalid management information system that
managers should not use the system (Zika-Viktorsson et al., 2006).
2.5.5 Lack of the effective methodology and effective stages of management information
system
The management information system lacks the effective methodology and effective stages of
creating valid management information (Sabherwal et al., 2006). Indeed, there are many
companies that want to save the costs for using the management information system and then,
they focus much on using the low-cost management information system. As a result, their
management information system does not have the effective methodology and effective stages to
create valid management information and data. Although they can save the costs for using the
management information system, they will face a problem in terms of less valuable management
information. It is important for companies to consider the issue carefully before choosing the
low-cost management information system. They should not use low-cost management
information system with ineffective methodology and ineffective stages because it assures that

22
the information and data generated from the low-cost management information system are not
valid and reliable (Vittal and Shivraj, 2008).
In short, there are five main causes for the poor system of management information as follows:
(1) too complicated user interface of management information system, (2) lack of the ability to
update changes in organization of the management information system, (3) irrelevant
information creation from management information system, (4) lack of information security of
management information system and (5) lack of the effective methodology and effective stages
of management information system. This research will base on the five popular causes for the
poor system of management information to examine whether the management information
system of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam is facing these causes.
2.6 How to evaluate the management information system performance
Olumoye (2013) and Nunamaker et al. (2016) indicate that the management information system
performance is evaluated through the business planning effectiveness, the business operation
organization effectiveness, the business operation report effectiveness, the business operation
control effectiveness, the customer relationship management effectiveness, the corporate
resource management effectiveness the project management effectiveness, the financial
management effectiveness and the employee motivation effectiveness. Thus, the management
information system performance is measured through many aspects. Indeed, the management
information system has the high performance when it offers the detailed information related to
business trends in the markets, customer expectations for products and services, corporate
resources, project report, financial aspects and employee performance aspects (Patanakul and
Milosevic, 2008). Based on the information, managers can make their strategic decisions and can
ensure the success of their business projects.
Raymond and Bergeron (2008) and Saeed and Abdinnour-Helm (2008) confirm that the
performance of the management information system is evaluated through its capability to offer
the useful information and data related to business such as customer, competitor, corporate
resources, financial information, project information, employee processes, etc. If the
management information system offers these information and data validly and beneficially, it has

23
the high performance. On the other hand, when the management information system offers these
information and data unreliably and untimely, it has low performance and is not suitable for
managers to use. It is important for companies to evaluate the performance of their management
information systems constantly so that they can gain the valid and reliable information and data
to ensure the high effectiveness of decision-making of managers and the high project successes
(Urbach et al., 2009). Based on these researches, this research will measure the management
information system performance in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam through many factors like
the business operation report effectiveness, the business operation control effectiveness, business
planning effectiveness, the business operation organization effectiveness, the customer
relationship management effectiveness, the financial management effectiveness, the employee
motivation effectiveness, the corporate resource management effectiveness and the project
management effectiveness.
2.7 Working culture of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam and other nations
In Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam and other nations, this company has an organizational
culture, namely, inclusive culture. This organizational culture consists of seven key values like
accountability, quality, diversity, collaboration, integrity, passion and leadership. This company
has a central promise that is to refresh the world, to create value, to make a difference and to
inspire moments of optimism. Two valid assets of this company are its people and its brands.
This company respects different values, different cultures and different ideas of its people. In its
workplace with the different people in terms of culture, knowledge, skill, religion, etc., this
company has many strategies to attract, maintain and develop diverse talented people, to offer
support systems for the diverse talented people and to educate all the diverse talented people to
gain the workforce with the high solidarity and with the high working performance. All things
will increase the ability to achieve business growth sustainability (Coca-Cola Company, 2016).
The Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam and other nations always ensures a fair and inclusive
working environment for all its human resources and the managers and the leaders of this
company always have direct and two-way communications to have better understandings about
their employees’ needs and expectations such as salary level, reward level, working feedback,
working support, corporate resources serving completion of jobs, etc. The conflicts in the

24
Management
information system
performance
The decision-making
effectiveness
Project success
Causes for poor
management
information system
Management
information system
working environment of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam and other nations are managed
effectively so that the solidarity amongst employees is high and the mutual supports amongst the
employees are effective (Griffin et al., 2016).
2.8 Conclusion
This chapter has presented concepts, theories and models related to research aim and research
objectives. In particular, this research has reviewed the concept of management information
system, has analysed benefits of management information system, has analyzed the theories and
the models expressing how management information system impacts on the decision-making
effectiveness of managers and the project success, has analyzed the theories related to causes for
the poor system of management information, and has analyzed how to evaluate the management
information system performance. This chapter has indicated the organizational culture of Coca-
Cola Company in Vietnam and other nations. Based on the review of the theories in this chapter,
this chapter builds a theoretical framework for this research like figure 1. The next chapter will
offer the choice of the methodology to gain the general research aim and the specific research
objectives.
Figure 1: The theoretical framework for this research
H1
H2

25
CHAPTER THREE – RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction
This chapter offers the choice of the methodology to gain the general research aim and the
specific research objectives. In particular, this chapter presents rationales for the selection of
research philosophy, approach, method, and strategy. This chapter also presents rationales for the
selection of data collection technique, sampling technique, sampling size and data analysis
technique. In addition, this chapter presents research methodology limitations and research
ethics. Through this chapter, this research will select the best research methodology to gain the
research aim and the research objectives validly.
3.2 Research philosophy
For the research philosophy, it reflects crucial assumptions of researchers and these assumptions
serve as the research base. The selection of the research philosophy is affected by the research
intention and practical implications. Generally, the research philosophy has four main aspects,
mainly, positivism, realism, interpretivism and pragmatism (Saunders et al., 2012). The
positivism philosophy reflects the objectivity of researchers in analysis their own research
problems by using scientific/ objective evidence (Bajpai, 2011). The realism philosophy reflects
the viewpoints that an entity exists independently of beliefs/ thoughts of human beings (Saunders
et al., 2012). The interpretivism philosophy reflects the subjectivity of researchers in analysis
their own research problems by using subjective viewpoints (Bajpai, 2011). The pragmatism
philosophy reflects the mixed design which researchers use both subjective viewpoints and
objective/scientific evidence to handle their own research problems (Biesta and Burbules, 2004).
This research chooses the pragmatism philosophy because pragmatism researchers not only
investigate a fact regarding the relations amongst factors but also deepen the fact in detail
(Saunders et al., 2012). This research has the objectives regarding analysis of how the decision-
making effectiveness of managers and the project success are impacted by management
information system in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam and analysis of causes for the poor
system of management information in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam. Thus, the pragmatism

26
philosophy is suitable to this research. In addition, a pragmatism researcher collects both
numerical and non-numerical data so that his/ her research findings can be reliable and valid
(Mitchell, 2003). As a result, this research with the pragmatism philosophy can generate the
valid research findings and reliable research findings to use in the case of Coca-Cola Company
in Vietnam.
3.3 Research approach
Two main research approaches which any researchers can use them to conduct their own studies
are induction approach and deduction approach. The induction approach reflects the
development of a new theory about a new field by collecting and analyzing data to establish new
theory (Anderson, 2004). The induction approach reflects the way that a researcher uses to
investigate their own study issues by examining available theories rather than developing new
theories (Collis and Hussey, 2003). This research is conducted by beginning from the theories
regarding management information system and then, gathering and analyzing data to examine
the theories in the case of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam. Thus, this research chooses the
deduction approach. In addition, the deduction approach helps the researcher to reduce the
research time and the research costs by utilizing the available theories regarding management
information system in the case of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam (Robson, 2002).
3.4 Research strategy
Three main research strategies which are often used by researchers are survey strategy, action
research and case study. The survey strategy refers to the investigation of study issues through
collecting data from the representative people in the population rather than collecting data from
the whole target population (Bruce et al., 2008). The action research reflects that the researchers
conduct their own studies to find solutions for handling problems in their working environments
(Cohen et al., 2011). The case study strategy is to focus much on investigating all aspects
regarding a single case/ cases (Biggam, 2008). This research uses the survey strategy because
the data gathered from this strategy will become beneficial to create a model reflecting particular
relations amongst elements and proposing logical rationales for the relations (Anderson, 2004).
This research can examine the relationships between management information system and the

27
decision-making effectiveness and the project success in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam
through the survey strategy. In addition, the survey strategy is related to the deduction approach
to provide deep understandings and easy comparison about study issues (Saunders et al., 2012).
3.5 Research method
Three popular research methods which are often applied by researchers are quantitative method,
qualitative method and mixed research method. The quantitative method is different from the
qualitative method in terms of data type and data analysis method. In particular, the quantitative
method uses numerical data and statistical methods while the qualitative uses non-numerical data
and qualitative data analysis method (Creswell, 2013). The mixed research method is the method
combining both quantitative method and qualitative method to create valid and reliable research
findings (Biggam, 2008). This research uses the mixed research method because this research
uses the questionnaire as the instrument of gathering numerical data and non-numerical data, and
uses statistical method and thematic analysis method in the process of data analysis. The
numerical and non-numerical data that are collected and are analyzed will be used to gain the
research objectives. In addition, the survey strategy, the deduction approach and pragmatism
philosophy are often related to the mixed method to get objective and valid data and objective
and valid analysis (Waters, 2011).
3.6 Data collection approach
3.6.1 Data collection technique
For this research, it chooses questionnaire as a single tool for data collection because it is an
anonymous questionnaire that encourages true answers from respondents and its good structure
can gain more uniform information from respondents to increase the validity of research findings
(Cargan, 2007). In addition, the questionnaire can collect data with the low costs and can collect
data with the short time because it can reach more respondents simultaneously (Osborne, 2007).
The questionnaire of this research includes three parts. The first part of the questionnaire
includes questions related to demographics information of respondents like gender, age, working
functional department, educational level and working experience. The second part of the

28
questionnaire includes questions about how management information system affects the
effectiveness of decision-making of managers and the success of projects of Coca-Cola
Company in Vietnam. The last part of the questionnaire includes questions about causes leading
to poor management information system of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam. There are 21
individual questions in this questionnaire. Table 1 indicates the structure for the questionnaire
and the detailed information regarding the questionnaire is indicated in appendix 1.
Table 1: The questionnaire’s structure
Parts of the questionnaire The number of
questions
The type of
questions
References
Part 1: Demographic information 5 questions Closed-ended
questions
By this research’s the
author
Part 2: How management
information system affects the
effectiveness of decision-making
of managers and the success of
projects of Coca-Cola Company in
Vietnam
14questions Likert-scale questions Making reference of
Olumoye (2013) and
Ghaffarzadeh (2015)
Part 3: Causes for poor
management information system of
Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam
2 questions Open-ended
questions
Making reference of
Mota et al. (2009)
3.6.2 Sampling technique and size
The sampling technique selection decides the quality of collected data and the ability to gain the
research objectives (Sharma, 2005). Two sampling technique types which are often used by
researchers are non-random sampling technique and random sampling technique. The non-
random sampling technique gains the data from respondents according to the researchers’
available intention while the random sampling technique gives equal chances to all respondents
in the target population so that the respondents can become data collected people (Zikmund and
Babin, 2007). This research chooses the random sampling technique, in detail, simple random
sampling because it is often related to the survey strategy to increase the generalization of data
and the generalization of research findings and the simple random sampling does not require the

29
high knowledge about the targeted population (Thompson, 2013). The total target population of
this research is 250 managers of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam. Struwig et al. (2001) reflect
that the sampling size should at least 4 times higher than items in the questionnaire. The items in
the questionnaire are 21 items and then, the sampling size of 90 managers of Coca-Cola
Company is suitable. The research will deliver the questionnaire to 90 managers of Coca-Cola
Company through both online form and offline form. The time for conducting the process of
collecting data from 90 managers of Coca-Cola Company is one week.
3.7 Data analysis technique
For this research, the technique of data analysis that is chosen is SPSS software. In detail, this
research uses three main steps to analyze collected data from 900 managers of Coca-Cola
Company in Vietnam. The first step is to analyze the descriptive statistics to describe the
demographics information of 90 managers of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam like gender, age,
working functional department, educational level and working experience. The second step is to
analyze the reliability level of factors (management information system, decision-making
effectiveness and project success) through Cronbach’s Alpha. The last step is to analyze the
linear regression to examine how management information system affects the effectiveness of
decision-making of managers and the success of projects of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam. In
addition, gathered non-numerical data related to causes for the poor system of management
information in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam will be analyzed in detailed. The thematic
analysis method will be used for analyzing the non-numerical data and then, causes for the poor
system of management information in Coca Company Company in Vietnam will be explored by
this research.
3.8 Research ethics
When conducting researches, researchers are required to respect research ethics so that they can
ensure their research findings and collected data are reliable and valid. In particular, Kaplan
(2004) indicates that researchers must ensure that respondents are anonymous, are voluntary, and
have the right to withdraw the process of offering data whenever they would like to do so. In
addition, Biggam (2008) indicates that researchers must ensure that they protect privacy

30
information of respondents, have the right behaviors and attitudes during the process of
collecting data, store collected data carefully, delete collected data in the certain time period and
only use the collected data with the right purposes. This research respects and obeys all
requirements about the research ethics of this University. In particular, the researcher ensures
that respondents are anonymous, are voluntary, and have the right to withdraw the process of
offering data whenever they would like to do so. In addition, the researcher ensures that the
researcher protects privacy information of respondents, has the right behaviors and attitudes
during the process of collecting data, stores collected data carefully, deletes collected data in the
certain time period and only uses the collected data for completing this research.
3.9 Research methodology limitations
In terms of the chosen research methodology, although it is suitable to this research, it has some
limitations. Firstly, although the mixed research method can offer reliable and valid research
findings but it requires much time and many costs for conducting the research (Miles et al.,
2013). Secondly, this research only uses the questionnaire as a single technique for collecting
data. Finally, although the sampling size of 90 managers in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam is
average, it cannot cover all ideas of all 250 managers of this company.
3.10 Conclusion
This chapter has offered the detailed choice of the methodology to gain the general research aim
and the specific research objectives. In particular, this chapter has presented the rationales for the
selection of philosophic pragmatism, deductive approach, mixed research method, and survey
strategy. This chapter has also presented the rationales for the selection of data collection
technique - questionnaire, sampling technique (simple random sampling), sampling size (90
managers of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam) and data analysis technique (SPSS software). In
addition, this chapter presents research methodology limitations and research ethics. Through
this chapter, this research has selected the best research methodology to gain the research aim
and the research objectives validly. The next chapter will help this research project to gain all
research objectives validly.

31
CHAPTER FOUR – RESEARCH FINDINGS, ANALYSIS AND
DISCUSSION
4.1 Introduction
The chapter four of this project presents how the decision-making effectiveness of managers and
the project success are impacted by management information system in Coca-Cola Company in
Vietnam. This chapter also analyzes causes for the poor system of management information in
Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam and evaluates the current management information system
performance in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam. In addition, this chapter discusses the research
findings through comparing them with the research results of the earlier studies so that the author
can find differences and similarities between this research and the earlier studies. Through this
chapter, all research objectives are achieved by this research and the research issues are explored
clearly.
4.2 Demographic information of managers of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam
The demographic information of 90 managers of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam is analyzed
through descriptive statistics. In other words, this research describes the demographics
information of the 90 managers of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam like gender, age, working
functional department, educational level and working experience through descriptive statistics.
Table 2 indicates the demographic information of the 90 managers of Coca-Cola Company in
Vietnam.

32
Table 2: Managers’ demographic information
Managers’ demographic information Frequency Percentage (%)
Gender Male 47 52.2%
Female 43 47.8%
Age Less than 30 9 10%
30 – 40 64 71.1%
More than 40 17 18.9%
Educational
level
Bachelor degree 13 14.4%
Master degree 53 58.9%
PhD degree 24 26.7%
Other 0 0%
Working
functional
department
Sales department 13 14.4%
Financial department 13 14.4%
Accounting department 15 16.7%
Marketing department 26 28.9%
Human resource
department
13 14.4%
Other department 10 11.1%
Working
experience
Less than 5 years 13 14.4%
5 – 15 years 24 26.7%
More than 15 years 53 58.9%
From the table 2, there are 52.2% of surveyed managers of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam are
male managers and there are 47.8% of surveyed managers of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam
are female managers. There are 90% of surveyed managers of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam
are managers with the age higher than 30 years old and there are 10% of surveyed managers of
Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam are male managers are managers with the age lower than 30
years old. The surveyed managers of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam are managers with the
high educational level because there are 85.6% of surveyed managers of Coca-Cola Company in
Vietnam are managers with the educational level of Master degree and PhD degree. The majority
of surveyed managers of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam (88.9%) are managers who are
working at main functional departments like sales department, financial department, accounting
department, marketing department, and human resource department. In addition, the majority of

33
the surveyed managers of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam (85.6%) are managers with much
working experience (from 5 years upward).
4.3 Reliability analysis of factors
Because this research evaluates factors like management information system (MIS), decision-
making effectiveness (DME) and project success (PS) through items, this research has to analyze
the reliability of these factors through coefficient of Cronbach’s Alpha (Gerrard et al., 2006).
The values of Cronbach’s Alpha of factors should be higher than 0.7 so that these factors are
reliable (Tavakol and Dennick, 2011). Thus, this research analyzes the reliability level of the
factors like management information system (MIS), decision-making effectiveness (DME) and
project success (PS) through the value of Cronbach’s Alpha higher than 0.7. Table 3 indicates
the values of Cronbach’s Alpha of these factors.
Table 3: Reliability analysis of factors
Factors Items of factors Cronbach’s Alpha of factors
Management information
system (MIS)
5 items 0.988
Decision-making
effectiveness (DME)
3 items 0.979
Project success (PS) 3 items 0.961
From the table 3, the values of Cronbach’s Alpha of three factors consisting of management
information system (MIS), decision-making effectiveness (DME) and project success (PS) are in
turn 0.988, 0.979 and 0.961 that are higher than 0.7. Thus, the three factors are reliable to
examine the how the decision-making effectiveness of managers and the project success are impacted by
management information system in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam in the next part.

34
4.4 Research findings about how the decision-making effectiveness of
managers and the project success are impacted by management information
system in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam
According to Dewberry (2004) and Pallant (2007), one of the most important standards to
examine the relationships between factors is that p-value (sig.) must be smaller than 5%. This
research examine the relationships between the decision-making effectiveness of managers and
the management information system in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam and this research
examines the relationships between the project success and the management information system
in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam through the standard of p-value (sig.) smaller than 5%. Table
4, table 5, table 6 and table 7 indicate the research findings about how the decision-making
system in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam.
4.4.1 How the decision-making effectiveness of managers is impacted by management
information system in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam
Table 4: Model summary of decision-making effectiveness of managers
Model R R Square
Adjusted R
Square
Std. Error of the
Estimate
1 0.892 0.796 0.794 0.380

35
Table 5: Coefficients of decision-making effectiveness of managers
Hypothesis Variables Unstandardized
Coefficients
Standardized
Coefficients
T Sig.
Rejected/
Confirmed
B Std. Error Beta
Constant -0.357 0.140 -2.550 0.013
H1 Management
information
system (MIS)
1.121 0.060 0.892 18.547 0.000
Confirmed
From the table 5, p-value (sig.) of the factor of management information system (MIS) is 0.000
that is smaller than 5%. This indicates that the management information system in Coca-Cola
Company in Vietnam has a positive impact on the decision-making effectiveness of managers in
this company. In other words, H1 is confirmed in this research. For Coca-Cola Company in
Vietnam, the management information system has a positive impact on the decision-making
effectiveness of managers because the management information system create good conditions
for the managers to cover all aspects like financial aspect, people aspect, business environment
aspect, customer aspect, etc. before making their strategic decisions. The effective management
of customer information can help Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam to conduct promotion
activities and to conduct decision-making related to development of new products and new
services successfully. Thus, the management information system is the main factor explains the
variance of the decision-making effectiveness of managers of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam.
From the table 4, R Square of the model is 0.796 and this means that 79.6% of the variance of
the decision-making effectiveness of managers in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam can be
explained by the management information system in this company and 20.4% of the variance of
the decision-making effectiveness of managers in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam can be
explained by other factors that this research does not investigate.

36
4.4.2 How the project success is impacted by management information system in Coca-Cola
Company in Vietnam
Table 6: Model summary of project success
Model R R Square
Adjusted R
Square
Std. Error of the
Estimate
1 0.967 0.934 0.934 0.183
Table 7: Coefficients of project success
Hypothesis Variables Unstandardized
Coefficients
Standardized
Coefficients
T Sig.
Rejected/
Confirmed
B Std. Error Beta
Constant -0.080 0.068 -1.181 0.241
H2 Management
information
system (MIS)
1.031 0.029 0.967 35.405 0.000
Confirmed
From the table 6, p-value (sig.) of the factor of management information system (MIS) is 0.000
that is smaller than 5%. This indicates that the management information system in Coca-Cola
Company in Vietnam has a positive impact on the project success in this company. In other
words, H2 is confirmed in this research. For Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam, the management
information system has a positive impact on the project success because the managers can base
the available information related to business operations to make faster and better business
decisions in comparison with rivals in the business market. The suitable management
information system in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam can structure the basic information that is
available from corporate records and corporate operations into reports to present managers with
the detailed guidance for their strategic decisions to gain project successes. The management
information system plays a vital role in helping managers to have suitable adjustments for their
business operations. Any project decisions that managers of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam
make can lead to changes in the company results and can require modifications to their overall

37
business goals and overall business strategies. The management information system creates good
conditions for the managers to have the trend analysis in their business markets that allows them
to forecast the results in the future situations. In addition, the management information system
can help the managers to know how they will change when they have conducted their decisions
for their projects. Then, the new values from the management information system support the
managers to plan, and conduct their strategic decisions to gain the high successes in their
projects.
From the table 4, R Square of the model is 0.934 and this means that 93.4% of the variance of
the project success of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam can be explained by the management
information system in this company and 6.6% of the variance of the decision-making
effectiveness of managers in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam can be explained by other factors
that this research does not investigate. Thus, the management information system is the main
factor explains the variance of the project success of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam.
4.5 Research findings about causes for the poor system of management
information in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam
After collecting data from 90 managers of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam, there are five
themes related to causes for the poor system of management information in Coca-Cola Company
in Vietnam that are created from the answers of 90 managers of this company and the five
themes are as follows:
Theme 1: Too complicated user interface of management information system
A surveyed manager of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam indicates that “The management
information system in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam fails because the user interface is too
complicated”. Other surveyed manager of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam reflects that “Many
managers in Coca-Cola Company feel difficult to use all functions of their management
information system and data are not presented in the user-friendly manner. Then, the
information and data generated from the management information system will become waste
things if the mangers do not use the information and the data”. The 88 remaining surveyed

38
managers of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam indicate that the management information system
in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam cannot help managers to gain important information because
of its too complex user interface.
Theme 2: Lack of the ability to update changes in organization of the management
information system
information system in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam does not have the ability to update
changes in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam because it lacks the function of ensuring up-to-date
information”. Other surveyed manager of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam reflects that “A main
problem for the management information system in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam is the
aspect of input of raw data and information and the ability of maintenance of up-to-date
information. Indeed, the sales figures, expense figures, payment figures and other business
information are changing constantly”. The 88 remaining surveyed managers of Coca-Cola
Company in Vietnam indicate that they face a problem in terms of the poor management
information system because the management information system lacks the ability to update
changes in organization.
Theme 3: Irrelevant information creation from management information system
information system in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam is not effective because it produces
results which are not relevant to business operations and it does not produce results in the timely
way”. Other surveyed manager of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam reflects that “The
management information system in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam becomes less valid because
its information and data are not relevant to business operations and its information and data are
not presented in the timely manner”. The 88 remaining surveyed managers of Coca-Cola
Company in Vietnam indicate that non-relevant and invalid information from the poor
management information system in Coca-Cola Company lead to the poor decision-making
results.

39
Theme 4: Lack of information security of management information system
information system in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam lacks the information security and then,
the important information related to business operations, and business projects cannot be stored
carefully by this company”. Other surveyed manager of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam reflects
that “They fear that lack of information security of the management information system in Coca-
Cola Company in Vietnam can lead to leakage of the important business-related information”.
The 88 remaining surveyed managers of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam indicate that the
management information system in Coca-Cola Company becomes less valid because it does not
ensure the security of the information associated with business operations and business projects.
It is important for the managers in Coca-Cola Company to ensure the business-related
information security so that they can use the information and data generated from the
management information system to increase the business successes and the project successes and
they can avoid risks related to the information leakage.
Theme 5: Lack of the effective methodology and effective stages of management
information system
information system in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam lacks the effective methodology and
effective stages of creating valid management information”. Other surveyed manager of Coca-
Cola Company in Vietnam reflects that “To save the costs for using the management information
system, Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam focuses much on using the low-cost management
information system. As a result, its management information system does not have the effective
methodology and effective stages to create valid management information and data”. The 88
remaining surveyed managers of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam indicate that although Coca-
Cola Company in Vietnam can save the costs for using the management information system, it
will face a problem in terms of less valuable management information. It is important for Coca-
Cola Company in Vietnam to consider the issue carefully before choosing the low-cost
management information system.

40
In short, there are five main causes for the poor system of management information in Coca-Cola
Company as follows: (1) too complicated user interface of management information system, (2)
lack of the ability to update changes in organization of the management information system, (3)
irrelevant information creation from management information system, (4) lack of information
security of management information system and (5) lack of the effective methodology and
effective stages of management information system.
4.6 Research findings about the current management information system
performance in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam
Table 8: Current management information system performance in Coca-Cola Company in
Vietnam
Information Frequency Percentage (%) Cumulative
percentage (%)
Strongly disagree 6 6.7% 6.7%
Disagree 63 70% 76.7%
Neutral 17 18.9% 95.6%
Agree 3 3.3% 98.9%
Strongly agree 1 1.1% 100%
Total 90 100%
From the table 8, there are 76.7% of managers of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam who indicate
that the management information system performance in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam is low
while there are only 4.4% of managers of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam who indicate that the
management information system performance in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam is high. Thus,
management information system performance in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam is low and the
managers of Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam should understand this problem. Indeed, the
management information system performance in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam is low because
the management information system does not offer the detailed information related to business
trends in the markets, customer expectations for products and services, corporate resources,
project report, financial aspects and employee performance aspects. Then, the improvement

41
actions for the management information system in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam must be
improved in the future.
4.7 Discussions of all research findings
4.7.1 Discussions of the research findings about the positive relationship between
management information system and the decision-making effectiveness of managers in
Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam
This research explores that the decision-making effectiveness of managers is positively impacted
by management information system in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam. The research result is
similar with the research result of earlier studies including Bendoly and Swink (2007), Lee-
Kelley and Sankey (2008) Mota et al. (2009), Fadel and Brown (2010), Nokhbatofoghahaayee et
al. (2010), Caniels and Bakens (2012), Chen and Hsiao (2012), Kahura (2013), Deoda (2015),
Ghaffarzadeh (2015) and Nunamaker et al. (2016). In detail, the earlier studies affirm that the
decision-making effectiveness of managers is positively impacted by management information
system. The earlier studies indicate that the management information system has a positive
impact on the decision-making effectiveness of managers because the management information
system creates good conditions for the managers to have deep understandings about all
information and aspects related to their strategic decisions to make their strategic decisions with
the fast time and with the effective approach. Due to the management information system,
managers can cover all aspects like financial aspect, people aspect, business environment aspect,
customer aspect, etc. before making their strategic decisions and they can identify problems
related to the projects and the business operations fast and can handle these problems due to the
management information system. The managers can identify their companies’ weaknesses and
strengths due to the information associated with sales reports, record of human resources’
performance, reports of financial aspects, etc. Identifying these aspects can not only help
managers to make their strategic decisions effectively but also help their companies to improve
the business processes and business operations.
For Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam, the management information system has a positive impact
on the decision-making effectiveness of managers because the managers can base the available

42
information related to business operations to make faster and better business decisions compared
with competitiors in the business market. However, the managers in Coca-Cola Company in
Vietnam have to assure that their management information systems which they select can work
with the available information technologies in their company and can have innovative and
effective characteristics. The suitable management information system can structure the basic
information that is available from corporate records and corporate operations into reports to
present managers with the detailed guidance for their strategic decisions. Coca-Cola Company in
Vietnam has many functional systems and these systems include logistic system, inventory
system, financial system, call center system, sales system, and other systems. The management
information system combines the information from multiple systems to help managers to make
right business-related decisions.
4.7.2 Discussions of the research findings about the positive relationship between
management information system and the project successes in Coca-Cola Company in
Vietnam
This research explores that the project success in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam is positively
impacted by management information system. The research result is similar with the research
result of earlier studies including Al-Zhrani (2010), Fadel and Brown (2010), Asemi et al.
(2011), Caniels and Bakens (2012), Chen and Hsiao (2012), Balaban et al. (2013), Deoda (2015),
and Ghaffarzadeh (2015) because the earlier studies affirm that the project success is positively
impacted by management information system. The earlier studies indicate that the management
information system has a positive impact on the project successes of companies because the
management information system not only includes the system of software but also includes the
business process management system and resource management system. Then, it is used to gain
all the information related to business processes and business projects. For business projects,
data are presented in a timely and user-friendly manner so that the different project managers can
use it to take the right and effective actions. The management information system is designed to
help managers to make decisions related to projects effectively and to gain the high effectiveness
of projects. The management information system has a positive impact on the project successes
because it creates good conditions for managers to have effective customer relationship
management and have effective business projects. Organizations can gain the project successes

43
due to their management information systems because they can control employee processes, can
simplify business processes and can remove unnecessary activities.
For Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam, the management information system has a positive impact
on the project success because the management information systems can reject repetitive tasks
and can lead to better project planning through established standards. If Coca-Cola Company in
Vietnam has suitable management information system, all stages of the projects are planned and
controlled seriously and then, the project success is high. When managers in Coca-Cola
Company have a project in terms of development of a new marketing strategy, they can find and
combine available data in the management information system such as available sales figures,
available customer needs, and other available information so that the managers take suitable
actions to introduce the products and services to customers to increase the project success of
developing a new marketing strategy.
4.7.3 Discussions of the research findings about causes for the poor system of management
information in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam
This research explores that there are five main causes for the poor system of management
information in Coca-Cola Company as follows: (1) too complicated user interface of
management information system, (2) lack of the ability to update changes in organization of the
management information system, (3) irrelevant information creation from management
information system, (4) lack of information security of management information system and (5)
lack of the effective methodology and effective stages of management information system. The
research result is similar with the research result of earlier studies including Sabherwal et al.
(2006), Patanakul and Milsosevic (2008), Vittal and Shivraj (2008), Raymond and Bergeron
(2008), Saeed and Abdinnour-Helm (2008), Urbach et al. (2009), Mota et al. (2009), Kahura
(2013), Olumoye (2013), Zika-Viktorsson et al. (2006) because the earlier studies indicate that
the management information system fails because its user interface is too complicated, the
management information system does not have the ability to update changes in a company
because it lacks the function of ensuring up-to-date information and the management information
system is not effective because it produces results which are not relevant to business operations
and it does not produce results in the timely way. In addition, the management information

44
system that lacks the information security, lacks the effective methodology and lacks effective
stages of creating valid management information is regarded as poor management information
system. For Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam, the poor system of management information is
caused by too complicated user interface, lack of the ability to update changes in organization,
irrelevant information creation from management information system, lack of information
security of management information system and lack of the effective methodology and effective
stages of management information system. Then, it is important for Coca-Cola Company in
Vietnam to improve these problems related to its management information system.
4.7.3 Discussions of the research findings about the current management information
system performance in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam
This research explores that the current management information system performance in Coca-
Cola Company in Vietnam is low because it does not create good conditions for managers in
Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam to increase the decision-making effectiveness of the managers
and to increase the project successes. The research result is similar with the research result of
earlier studies including Patanakul and Milosevic (2008), Raymond and Bergeron (2008), Saeed
and Abdinnour-Helm (2008), Urbach et al. (2009), Olumoye (2013) and Nunamaker et al. (2016)
because the earlier studies indicate that when the business planning effectiveness, the business
operation organization effectiveness, the business operation report effectiveness, the business
operation control effectiveness, the customer relationship management effectiveness, the
corporate resource management effectiveness the project management effectiveness, the
financial management effectiveness and the employee motivation effectiveness are low, the
management information system performance is low. For Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam, the
management information system performance is low because the management information
system does not offer the detailed information related to business trends in the markets, customer
expectations for products and services, corporate resources, project report, financial aspects and
employee performance aspects.

45
4.8 Conclusion
This chapter has presented how the decision-making effectiveness of managers and the project
success are positively impacted by management information system in Coca-Cola Company in
Vietnam. This chapter has also analyzed causes for the poor system of management information
in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam and has evaluated the current management information
system performance in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam. This chapter has discussed the research
findings through comparing them with the research results of the earlier studies. This research
explores that the decision-making effectiveness of managers and the project success are
positively impacted by management information system in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam.
Hence, H1 and H2 are confirmed.
This research explores that there are five main causes for the poor system of management
information in Coca-Cola Company as follows: (1) too complicated user interface of
management information system, (2) lack of the ability to update changes in organization of the
management information system, (3) irrelevant information creation from management
information system, (4) lack of information security of management information system and (5)
lack of the effective methodology and effective stages of management information system. In
addition, this research explores that the current management information system performance in
Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam is low because it does not create good conditions for managers
in Coca-Cola Company in Vietnam to increase the decision-making effectiveness of the
managers and to increase the project successes. The next chapter of this research will be a
summary chapter that indicates all important things that are found by this research.

1

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