database management system

1. Introduction to Database
Management
Gevita Chinnaiah
11/06/2023

2. Agenda
• Overview of database management
• Importance of databases
• Types of databases
• Relational database management systems (RDBMS)
• Components of a database system
• Database design and normalization
• Data querying and manipulation
• Database security and backup
• Database administration and maintenance
• Conclusion and Q&A

3. Overview of Database Management
• Definition of database management
• Role of databases in organizing and storing
data efficiently
• Evolution of database management systems
(DBMS)
• Benefits of using a DBMS

4. Importance of Databases
• Centralized data storage and accessibility

5. • Data consistency and integrity
• Improved data security
• Efficient data retrieval and manipulation
• Support for complex queries and analysis

6. Types of Databases
• Relational databases

7. • Object-oriented databases
• NoSQL databases

8. Relational Database Management
Systems (RDBMS)
• Definition of RDBMS
• Key features and advantages
• Popular RDBMS examples (e.g., Oracle,
MySQL, SQL Server)

9. Components of a Database System
• Data model
• Database schema
• Data dictionary
• Data storage and access methods
• Query processor
• Transaction manager
• Recovery manager

10. Database Design and Normalization
• Conceptual, logical, and physical database
design
• Importance of normalization
• Normalization levels (1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF)

11. Normalization levels (1NF)
• Rules for First Normal Form
– Rule 1: Single Valued Attributes
– Rule 2: Attribute Domain should not change
– Rule 3: Unique name for Attributes/Columns
– Rule 4: Order doesn't matters

12. Normalization levels (1NF)
• Time for an Example
• How to solve this Problem?

13. Normalization levels (1NF)
• Using the First Normal Form, data redundancy
increases

14. Normalization levels (2NF)
• What is Second Normal Form?
– The table should be in the First Normal Form.
– There should be no Partial Dependency.
• What is Dependency?
• Case 1

15. What is Partial Dependency?
• Table Subject
• Table Score
• But where is Partial Dependency?

16. How to remove Partial Dependency?
• Subject table
• Score table

17. Normalization levels (3NF)
• Student
• Subject
• Score
• Requirements for Third Normal Form
– It should be in the Second Normal form.
– And it should not have Transitive Dependency.

18. Normalization levels (3NF)
• What is Transitive Dependency?
• How to remove Transitive Dependency?

19. Normalization levels (3NF)
• Score Table: In 3rd Normal Form
• The new Exam table

20. Advantage of removing Transitive
Dependency
• Amount of data duplication is reduced.
• Data integrity achieved.

21. Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF)
• Rules for BCNF
– It should be in the Third Normal Form.
– And, for any dependency A → B, A should be
a super key.

22. Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF)
• Student Table
• Professor Table

23. Data Querying and Manipulation
• SQL (Structured Query Language)
• Basic SQL queries (SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE,
DELETE)
• Advanced SQL operations (JOIN, GROUP BY,
HAVING)
• Data manipulation language (DML) and data
definition language (DDL) statements

24. Database Security and Backup
• Importance of data security
• User authentication and access control
• Encryption and data masking
• Database backup and recovery strategies
• Disaster recovery planning

25. Database Administration and
Maintenance
• Role of database administrators (DBAs)
• Performance tuning and optimization
• Monitoring and troubleshooting
• Indexing and query optimization
• Database versioning and upgrades

26. Conclusion and Q&A
• Importance of database management in
modern organizations
• Opportunities for further learning and
exploration
• Question and answer session