4. INTRODUCTION
Thesmallbookletinfrontofyoucontains
fiveviewsandarchitecturalproposalsfor
CapeTown.Halfway2014fouraspirant
architectsandoneurbandesignerchose
todoadesignprojectinCapeTown,South
Africa.Thedesignprojectisa3rdyear
project(P5)attheAcademyofArchitecture
inAmsterdam.Withtwolecturersand
fivestudentswevisitedCapeTownin
September2014,wheresomeofyou
helpeduswithusefulinformationabout
thecityandtheurgentmattersitdeals
with.
Context
ThemetropolitanregionofCapeTown
hasgrownrampantfordecades.Work
areas,suburbsforthe(growing)middle
andupperclassandtownships.The
citygraduallylostcontroloveritsurban
developmentandalargegroupevenlives
ininformalsettlements.
Paralleltoourproject,anumberofDutch
andSouthAfricandesignercompanies
workedtogetherundertheflagof‘Density
Syndicate’.InitiatedandorganisedbyINTI
andACCasacontributiontotheprogram
CapeTownWorldDesignCapital2014,with
theaimtoregaincontrolovertheurban
developmentofthemetropolitanregion.
Compacturbanisationcouldbeananswer
tounplannedsprawlofthesurrounding
openlandscapeandstrengthenthe
interdependenceofliving,working
andamenities.Liketheprofessionals
collaboratinginDensitySyndicateour
studentgrouplookedforstrategies
torevitalisethecity,bothonasocio-
economicaswellasaspatiallevel.Togive
theinhabitantsofCapeTown,particularly
fromlowerincomegroups,perspective
on(abasic)income.Reducingthephysical
distancebetweenlivingandworkingisone
ofthosestrategies.
Assignment
Theassignmentforourstudentswasto
comeupwithastrategyandadesign
proposalforaspecificlocationoftheirown
choice.Thestudentshadtodefinetheir
ownprojectbydoingresearchonthecity,
it’scultureandthechallengesandurgent
topics.Theirdesignproposalhadtoprove
beinganrelevantadditiontothecity,both
intermsofsocio-economicandspatial
issues.
Sharingideas
Nowthatthestudentshavefinishedthese
proposals,wewouldliketosharethe
strategiesandarchitecturalandurban
proposalswithyou.Toinformallthose
withinterestinpossiblefutureagenda’sfor
thecity.Bylaunchingthesestrategiesand
designswehopethatoneorevenmore
ideaswillbeadoptedbylocalstakeholders
and-whoknows-mightevencontribute
tothefuturedevelopmentofCapeTown.
JeroenMensink,GertBreugem
13. DuringmyexcursiontoCapeTown,Iwas
fascinatedbytheundefinedzonesbetween
thedifferentroadsandethnic
neighbourhoods.
AfterthelectureofGuyBriggs,IrealizedthatI
hadtodosomethingtochangethescarsleft
byapartheidinthebuiltrealm.Backinthe
Netherlands,Iresearchedthehistory
ofapartheidinCapeTownanditsspatial
consequences.Itiscompletelydifferentfrom
modernplanningpracticesimplemented
inWesternEuropewherefunctionswere
dividedandisolatedfromoneanother.
InsteadatCapeTownpeopleweredivided
basedontheirskincolourandonlyallowed
toliveandworkinspecificzonesofthecity.
Duetothespatialbufferzonearoundeach
ethnicrelatedarea,theseareasmanifestedas
isolatedenclavesinthecity.Twentyyearsafter
apartheidendedinCapeTown,thecitystill
showsthescarsofsocialandracialdivision.
Afterfinishingmyextensiveresearchto
thesocialandphysicalcontext,Idiscovered
thatchangewasnotsomuchneededinthe
bufferzonesbetweenthetownships.But
instead,moreroadswereneededtopullthese
areasoutoftheirisolation.Andtheroadsthat
alreadyarethereneedtobeactivated.The
roadsrunthroughadunelandscapealong
thesidesofhouses. Thehouseshavetheir
backstotheroads,linedwithbigconcrete
walls.Rightnowthemainroadsaresituated
inanopenspace,mostlyalongthebackside
ofthedwellingsoftheseareas.Sometimes
thedivisionhasextensivephysicalshapes,
becauseoftheuseofconcretewalls.These
roadsaresociallyunsafe,duetothelackof
interactionbetweenbuildingsandspace.
Besidesthereislimitedconsiderationofthe
humanscaleinthesestreetspaces,likeother
streetasLongstreet.
InthisprojectItestedmystatementthat
ethnicandspatialinteractionbyspacecan
bestimulated.Ichoosetheroadbetween
MitchellsPlainandPhilipi,aroadthatmakes
adirectlinkagebetweentwoethnicrelated
areas(blackandcoloured).
Theideaisthatthedifferentfunctions,
activitiesandidentitieswithineachareawill
berelatedtotheconnectingroad.Thisisa
processintimebecauseofthehighrateof
unpredictability.
Bythisthedesireoccursthatthestreetfinally
willtransformintoauniquecitystreet,
thatexposethedifferencesinneed,social
characteristicsandsmallbusiness.
Toachievethisgoalastrategyisneeded.
Startingwithsmall-scalelocaltrade.Inorder
toadresstheneedforextradwellingsthe
openspacealongtheroadcanbebuiltfor
homes..Infirstinstanceverybasic,e.g.by
realizingcontainerhomes.Lateronprobably
moresophisticatedhomes.Thiscombination
ofextratradeandnew(ealthier)residents
mightledtotheneedforacommunity(or
trade)marketThiscreatestheopportunity
forcitizenstostarttheirownshopfromtheir
home.Bydensifyingtheopenspacesalong
theroad,theroadwillbelively,moreintimate
becauseoftheadditionofmixeduse.These
newspacesshouldbeaccessiblebypublic
transportoperatedbythemycitibusnetwork..
Myprojectinsteadlaunchestheideathat
densifyingtheopenspacealongmainroads
canbeatooltofinishtheisolationofthe
existingethnicrelatedareas,bygivingspace
tolocalneedsanddemands..Noformaland
theoreticalblueprintplanningproposalwill
workforthiskindofassignments.Dueto
thefactthatinformalhousinginthisarea
isinevitable,theplaceswherethegrowth
isexpectedaredefined..Therewillbean
increaseintheconstructionofcontainersand
formalhouses.
RE-INVENTINGAPARTHEIDCITY
17. AnalysisPhilippi<->MitchellsPlain
0 m 200 m
ProjectLocationCapeTown
B
B’
Wall
Undifenedland
Road
House/
Housewithbackyardhouse
InformalSeattlement
Rail
Highway
0 200m
0 m 200 m
0 m 200 m
0 m 200 m
0 m 200 m
0 m 200 m
AnalysisPhilippi<->MitchellsPlain
19. Strategy
134 m
22 m
70 m
22 m
134 m
22 m
70 m
22 m
12 5
P
5
BB’T0
Public TransportMyCiti Bus
MiniBus
Public Space
Framework
Goverment
Communitie
Relation Building and Street
Line
1
Government
Community
Public TransportMyCiti Bus
MiniBus
Public Space
Framework
Goverment
Communitie
Relation Building and Street
Line
1
25. CapeTown,SouthAfricahashugeproblems
withhousing.Largegroupsoftheexisting
populationandtheexpectedincreaseofher
populationthenextdecadesconsistoutof
poorlivingconditions.Thepastdecadeslarge
housingprojectshavebeenbuildattheedges
ofthetownships,milesawayfromthecentre
withsocialandpublicactivities. Meanwhile
therateofpeoplebetweenthelowerandthe
middleclassisincreasingintheseperiphery
locatedareas.Somoreandmorepeopleare
abletopayrentandwillbeabletohavea
subsidisedhousefromthegovernment.
SocialHousing+
InmyprojectI’mtryingtogiveananswerto
thereneedsanddesiresofliving.Withthe
‘SocialHousing+’projectIcreateaserious
alternativeinthedemandofhousing.The
ideaisbasedonahousingtypologythat
enrichesexistingpoorequippedspecial
structureswithinthetownshipsattheCape
Flatsbydefiningactiveroutesandsquares
andbythepossibilityofworkingandliving
atthereownhome.DuringmyvisittoCape
TownIwastriggeredbytheVPUUproject,
apedestrianrouteinthemiddleofthe
townshipKhayelitshawithsomeplaygrounds
andactivitycentres.Byaddingsocialhousing
incombinationwithnewplacestomeetthis
pedestriannetwork,thisareamightimprove
dramatically.SoactuallythisVPUUproject
andmyadditionsstandssymbolformine
ambitionandvisionofSocialHousing+.
Theprojectconsistsofanewpedestrianroute
fromtheexistingroutetothebridgeoverthe
highwayM2,whichcrosses150dwellings.The
dwellings,withpossibilitiesofworkingspaces,
areorganizedaroundsixsmallsquares,
relatedtothepedestrianroutetothebridge.
Bythistheinteractionbetweensocialhousing
andthepublicspacewillevidentlyincrease
andactivelivewithintheurbanfabricof
Khaylitsha.
WhatistheVPUUproject?
TheViolencePreventionthroughUrban
Upgrading(VPUU)projectisaholistic
approachtourbanupgrading,whichis
uniqueforCapeTown.Inawaythatitincludes
allkindofdevelopments,andnotonlythe
improveofphysicalurbanspaces.Thiskindof
communitiescanbecharacterisedbyviolence
crime,poverty,unemployment,aharsh
naturalenvironmentandundignifiedpublic
space.Myprojectprovideintransforming
thetownshipofKhayelitshaintoavibrant,
safe,andattractiveplace.Butmostlythis
projectprovideinacommunitythatis
environmentally,economicallyandsocially
sustainable.
SocialHousing+
AnalternativeforsocialhousinginKhayelitsha
+ CAPETOWN + KHAYELITSHA + VPUU
35. Withhelpfromthemunicipality,andlocal
businessesthepeoplelivingininformal
settlementslearnhowto,andeventuallybuild
aproperdwellinginthenewskillscenter.
Standinthequeu,waitingforahouse
Morethantwomillionhouseshavebeen
builtinSouthAfricasincethepromiseofthe
ANCtogivehomestoalllow-incomefamilies
atSouthAfrica.Thoughtheprecisefigureis
disputed,theANClikesyoutobelieveinthe
promise.Homeownershipgivesnewtrust
andhopeforthefuture,andgivingsomeone
ahouseisoneofthebiggestthingsyoucan
dotoimmediatelyimprovetheirqualityoflife.
Itiswellknownthattherearelotsofpeople
stillwaitingforahous,despitethisANC
promise.Accordingtothelastcensus,around
2,3millionSouthAfricanhouseholdsneed
housing.The“housingbacklog”isatopicthat
politiciansthinktosolveinthefuture.People
oftenspeakofhavingbeenona“waitinglist”
forahouse,sometimesformanyyears.But
thisideaisactuallyrathermisleading.“Thereis
anassumption,oftenunarticu-lated,amongst
thepublicthatthesysteminplaceoperatesin
arationalway,”thereportcontinues.“
Mandela’spromise
Mandelapromisedtoprovidehousingforthe
poorwhichmeantbuildingmorethan1000
unitsperdayuntiltheendofthecenturyat
anestimatedcostof$4bil-lion(R28billion)
peryearasroughlyonequarterofallSouth
AfricanBlacksliveinshacks.TheMandela
governmentwaspreparedtoprovidehouses
through65%ofthepopulationwassopoor
thattheyhadnohopeofattractingeventhe
smallestofhomeloans.
Lackofskilledmanpower
Thelackofskilledmanpowerissocrippling
thatthegovernmentwasconsideringdrafting
retireesbackintotheworkforce,luringSouth
Africansemigrantshomeanddrawinginnew
immigrants—eventhoughunemployment
isatleast27percent.Itwassaidthatitwas
vitaltotackletheskillsshortagetoachieve
thenationalgoalofhalvingunemployment
andpovertyby2014,whichdependsonthe
economygrowingby4.5percentuntil2009
and6percentbetween2010and2014.
Theidea
DuetotheunabilityoftheANCpromiseto
givehomesforfreetoeveryoneIcameup
withtheideatoputgovernmentalmoneynot
inreadymadehomesbutratherineducation,
trainingandmaterialtobuiltyourownhome.
Theskillscenterisactuallyatrainingand
testingfacilityforpeopletodeveloptheir
skillsinordertobuiltyourhome.Thiscenter
andrelatedworkshopsinthetownships
(fromwhererehabilitationoftheinformal
settlementscantakeplace)isthegroundof
theidea.ThedesignIcomeupwithisrelated
totheinformalityoftheexistingdwellingsin
theinformalsettlements,characterizedby
differenceincolor,shapeandmaterial.
Thesiteoftheskillscentreiscentrallocated
betweentheexistinginformalsettlements
atCapeFlats.Thesiteisnearatrainstation
andmainroad,sothatthestudentseasily
canreachthecenteranddemonstratedand
testedeasilycanbetransported.
SkillsCentreCapeTown
37. Image caption Image caption
number of slums in ct
population growth ct
skills center concept
financial concept
sawmill
Legend:
steelworks
site location
sawmill
Legend:
brick factory
railway
secondary road
informal settlements
buildings
main road
steelworks
quarry, concrete
municipality of Cape
site location
start: skills center education production work education production work1 year help second year 2 year end: build own house with
help from first year student
south african government
cape town municipality
foundation
roof
concrete
steel
wood
brick
roof, framing, windows doors
walls
local contractors
fundraising
donations
“If somebody prom-
ises you some-
thing, it creates the
expectation that
you’ll get it. Now
that he’s dead, res-
idents have little
faith the govern-
ment will help im-
prove their lives”
Carol Paton - Low cost
housing waiting list ‘a myth
300
325
350
375
400
450
315
475
500
425
2000
Cape Town
population
growth
(0000s)
250
200
150
103
110
174
181 190
198
206
215
224
100
50
20011996 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
0
estimated
number of
households
(000s)
300
325
350
375
400
450
425
420
411
399
382
354
315
475
500
425
2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030
Cape Town
population
growth
(0000s)
250
200
150
103
110
174
181 190
198
206
215
224
100
50
20011996 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
0
estimated
number of
households
(000s)
start: skills center education
s
c
foundation
roof
concrete
steel
wood
brick
roof, framing, windows do
walls
lo
fu
d
start: skills center education production work
south african government
cape town municipality
foundation
roof
concrete
steel
wood
brick
roof, framing, windows doors
walls
local contractors
fundraising
donations
centre
38. informal settlement upgraded by dwellings build in the skill center
site, near Joe Gcwabi station
informal settlements
site
Legend:
rdp houses
upper class housing
business
bus station
train station
railroad
road
trees
water
local materials
centrebuilt
43. NelsonMandelaneedsnointroduction.The
firsteverfreeelectedpresidentofSouthAfrica
wasnotonlyapoliticianbyheart,hewas
alsoasportenthousiast.Hefirmlybelieved
sportscanbringpeopletogether.Notonlyhe
believedthis,heprovedit.AssoonasSouth
Africawontherugbyworldcup,heentered
thepredominantlywhitearenaandgavethe
trophytotheteamandthiswasseenasabig
stepintobreakingthebarrier.Afewyearslater
hegottohostthefootballworldcupenrepeat
thegesture.
IntherunuptotheWorldCuptheFIFA,the
nameoftheorganisationoftheworldcup,
hadtheirdemandsforthestadiumsthat
hastobebuild..CapeTownwantedtohost
thehalffinalswhich meansthatahuge
stadiumhastobebuilt.Insteadofupgrading
theoldstadiuminAthlone,theychoseto
buildabrandnewstadiumonthefootof
TablemountainatGreenpoint.Thiswasthe
secondmostexpensivestadiumeverbuilt.
Whatwouldhappenifthismoneywasspent
onthestadiuminapoorerareaofCapeTown,
sothatthepoorcitizenscouldbenefitofthis
globalevent?
InmyresearchIconsideredAthloneasa
alternativeforGreenpointstadiumBut
Idiscoveredthat,duetosafetyreasons,
Athlonestadiumnevercouldbetheexpected
alternativeforthelocationofGreenpoint.
MeanwhileIwantedtodosomethingwiththe
oldstadiumofAthlone,thatjustlaysthere,as
footballandothersportsarenolongerheld
here.Whattodowiththisbigstructurewithin
thisveryinterestingareainCapeTown?Isit
possibletoredevelopthestadiumwithout
breakingitdown?Canthisbeanexampleof
abandonedstadiumsallaroundtheworld?
AthloneisanareainthecityofCapeTownjust
outsideofthecitybowl.Itisthedoorstepto
theCapeFlats.Itisphysicallythecenterofthe
cityandverygoodaccessiblebyroadandrail
forpublicandprivatetransport.Athloneis
neartheInternationalAirport,butfarenough
tonothavenoisepollution.AthloneStadium,
thereddot,isinthemiddleofAthlone.Cape
TownStadium,thebluedot,isbuiltinGreen
PointnexttotheharbourandV&AWaterfront
intheCityBowl.
Athloneisanareainthecitywheredifferent
typesofpeoplemeet.TheApartheiddivided
peopleintodifferenttownshipsintheCape
Flatsbasedontheirdifferentskincolour,
whichisverygoodvisibleonthemapbelow.
Pinkiswhite,orangeiscoloured,blueisblack
andgreenisindian/asian.Athloneisinthe
middleofthesespotsandontheedgeofthe
whiteareasfromtheApartheid.Alsonotice
theblankareas,wherebuildingisimpossible
duetotheprotectedsitesofforinstance
Tablemountain.
AthloneisanareainthecityofCape
Townwhichisonthemunicipality’slistof
improvementanddevelopment.Athlone
isanodebetweenthetwobiggestnodes
andinthemiddleofthemostimportant
developmentroute.Toinvestinsuchan
areaisagreatopportunitytogentrifythe
neighborhood.Butthisgentrificationshould
beaprocess,whichconsistsofdifferent
steptodevelopthecompletearea.Onthe
righthandsidethestepsarelistedwith
differentschemes.
Thenextlifeofthe
AthloneStadium
51. CAPETOWN’scommunitygardens&wine
farms.Residentsinthetownshipsare
encouragedandsupportedtogrowtheir
ownorganicvegetablestofeedtheirfamilies.
Vegetablesarenowgrowninhundreds
ofgardensinthetownships,sustaining
thousandsofindividualsandfamilies.Some
ofthemicro-farmersarenowproducing
morethanenoughtofeedtheirfamilies,and
aftergivingtoneedyneighboursandselling
‘overthefence’.However,thereislittleorno
accesstomarketsoutsidetheimmediate
neighbourhoodtosellthehighquality
organicallygrownproduce.
Incontrasttothecommunitygardensinthe
capeflats,CapeTown’swinelandsboasts
someofthemostmajesticsceneryinSouth
Africa.Thewealthysegmentsofsocietywere
dominatedbywineproducers.ThisDutch
VOClegacyisstilltodayawhiteman’sworld.
CAPETOWN’scitybowlcanbridgethegap
betweenthecapeflats,wheretheblackand
colouredpeoplelive,andCampsBay,where
mainlywhitepeoplelive.Theseareasarealso
geographicallyseparatedbyTablemountain.
Itfeelsliketwoworldsinonecity.In whatway
isitpossibletogenerateunderstandingof
eachother‘sculturalbackgroundandsocial
economicsituation?
TheideaistocreateamarketattheGrand
ParadeintheveryheartofCapeTowns
historicalcenter.Thismarkethostsplacefor
sellingtheorganicvegetablesgrownatCape
Flatandexclusivewhinefromthewhinelands.
Thelocationiswellthoughtbecauseofthe
historicalmeaningasformermarketsquare
ofthecity.Sothemarketasoneofthefew
functionsthatbroughtpeopleofdifferent
ethnicbackgroundtogetherinthepast,might
peoplewithdifferentethnicbackgroundwill
bringtogetheratthefuture.
Thedesignprovedthecomplexityofthe
site.Thehistorical,infrastructuralandspatial
contextmakesitdifficulttofindasuitable
placeandarchitecturalshape.Theoutcomeis
acombinationofpedestrianroutesbetween
therailwaystationandtheGrandParadeand
awallfollowingtheshapeofthecastleGood
Hope.Theelevationofroutesovertheexisting
mainroadsmakeiteasytoaccommodatethe
market.Theotherpedestrianroute,fromthe
citycentertothecastlemeettheelevated
pedestrianroutetothecentralstation,atthe
market.Soactuallythemarketcanbeseen
literallyasthejunctionoftwoimportant
routes.Atthisjunctionyou’llfindthemarket
andacafé-restaurant.Theskinofthemarketis
basedonthepatternofthecastleGoodHope,
aroughpatternofrockystoneswithcement.
Themarketfinallyredefinedthesquareintoa
prettyplacetostayandabusyplaceforcars,
bussesandtaxidrivers.Somethingthesquare
trulyneeded.
Wine&vegetablemarket
GrandParade
1. vegetable and wine current towards Grand Parade
vegetables
wine
city centre
57. CONCLUSIONSAND
RECOMMENDATIONS
Beingawarethatweareforeigners
andwereonlybrieflyvisitingCape
Town,wewouldliketoconclude
ourfivestrategiesanddesignswith
some-modest-observationsand
recommendations.
TheCityofCapeTownisbeautifully
located,nexttotheoceanonthe
slopesofTableMountain.Attracting
manyvisitorsandnewinhabitants
everyyear.Thedownsideisthatalarge,
poorcommunityhardlyprofitsfrom
thissuccess.Theylivetoofarfromjob
opportunitiesandtouristattractions.
Thecityisoutofbalance,theeconomic
triangle(CityBowl,Airport,Bellville)
isrelativelyfarawayfromthepoorer
areasontheCapeFlats.Thecostof
transportisunbearableandalternative
waystoearnalivingarehardly
availableintheseareas.Growthofjobs
isatthetopofthepoliticalagenda,
butthequestionishowapopulation
withover70percentwithoutproper
educationwillfindsuitablework.
RapidgrowthmakestheANCpromise
toprovideeveryonewithahouse
impossibletokeepandanalternative
forhousingisneeded.
Observations
• CapeTownisafragmentedcity,a
collectionofislandsthathavelittle
tonoconnectionwitheachother.
PartlytheresultofApartheidcity
planningandstillmaintainedby
roadandrailinfrastructure.
• Compacturbanisationseems
tobetheanswerforthesocio-
economicproblemsthecityfaces.
Butmostpeoplethatmoveto
CapeTowncan’tafforda(new)
houseandpeoplewhocanwill
lookfortheolderandlessdense
sites.
• Jobgrowthisatthetopofthe
politicalagenda.Buthowwill
apopulationofwhichover70
percenthardlyhasanyproper
educationfindajob?
• Thegapbetweenrichandpoor-
andinawaystillbetweenblack,
coloredandwhite-andthe
differenteconomicopportunities
theyface,willmaintainthe
physicalbarriersintheurban
fabric.
• RapidgrowthmakestheANC
promisetoprovideeveryonewith
ahouseimpossibletokeepandan
alternativeforhousingisneeded.
• Ingeneral,themorevulnerable
areasseemtolackpublicspace
ofacertain(minimum)quality
andthisseemstohavean
effectontheliveabilityoflarge
neighbourhoods.
59. Architects,urbandesignersand
landscapearchitectslearnthe
professionattheAmsterdamAcademy
ofArchitecturethroughanintensive
combinationofworkandstudy.They
workinsmall,partlyinterdisciplinary
groupsandaresupervisedbyaselect
groupofpractisingfellowprofessionals.
Thereisawiderangeofoptionswithin
theprogrammesothatstudentscan
puttogethertheirowntrajectoryand
specialisation.Withtheinclusionof
thecourseinUrbanismin1957and
LandscapeArchitecturein1972,the
academyistheonlyarchitectureschool
intheNetherlandstobringtogetherthe
threespatialdesigndisciplines.
Some350guesttutorsareinvolvedin
teachingeveryyear.Eachofthemisa
practisingdesigneroraspecificexpert
inhisorherparticularsubject.Thethree
headsofdepartmentalsohavedesign
practicesoftheirowninadditiontotheir
workfortheAcademy.Thisstructure
yieldsanenormousdynamismand
energyandensuresthatthecourses
remaincloselylinkedtothecurrent
stateofthediscipline.
Thecoursesconsistofprojects,
exercisesandlectures.First-yearand
second-yearstudentsalsoengagein
morphologicalstudies.Studentswork
ontheirownorinsmallgroups.The
designprojectsformthebackboneof
thecurriculum.
MasterofArchitecture/Urbanism/LandscapeArchitecture
AmsterdamAcademyofArchitecture
Onthebasisofaspecificdesign
assignment,studentsdevelop
knowledge,insightandskills.The
exercisesarefocusedontraining
inthoseskillsthatareessentialfor
recognisingandsolvingdesign
problems,suchasanalytical
techniques,knowledgeofthe
repertoire,theuseofmaterials,text
analysis,andwriting.Manyofthe
exercisesarelinkedtothedesign
projects.Themorphologicalstudies
concentrateonthemakingofspatial
objects,withtheemphasisoncreative
processandimplementation.Students
experimentwithmaterialsand
mediaformsandgainexperiencein
convertinganideaintoacreation.
Duringtheperiodsbetweentheterms
thereareworkshops,studytripsinthe
Netherlandsandabroad,andother
activities.Thisisalsothepreferred
momentforinternationalexchange
projects.Theacademyregularlyinvites
foreignstudentsfortheworkshopsand
recruitswell-knowndesignersfrom
theNetherlandsandfurtherafieldas
tutors.
GraduatesfromtheAcademyof
Architectureareentitledtothefollowing
titles:MasterofArchitecture(MArch),
MasterofUrbanism(MUrb),orMaster
ofLandscapeArchitecture(MLA).The
Master’s
