3. ENVIRONMENT
• Encompasses all living and non-
living things occurring naturally on
Earth
• There is interaction of all living
species
4. Environmental Science is an interdisciplinary
academic field that integrates physical,
biological and information sciences to the
study of the environment, and the solution of
environmental problems.
Question: What area of discipline is related to
environmental science?
5. LIMNOLOGY
-covers the biological,
chemical, physical,
geological, and other
attributes of all inland
waters: running and standing
waters, both fresh and saline,
natural or man-made
DENR River Basin Control Office
cmfr-phil.org
6. Geodesy
- branch of applied
mathematics and earth
sciences
- scientific discipline that deals
with the measurement and
representation of the of any
planet, including its
gravitational field yonsquared.wixsite.com
7. Goals of Environmental Science
1. Learn how nature works
“Tagak at
Kalabaw”
(Cattle Egret
on Carabao)
8. Goals of Environmental Science
2. Understand
how we interact
with the
environment britannica.com
9. Goals of Environmental Science
3. Find ways to
deal with
environmental
problems and live
more sustainably
Youtube.com
Rappler.com
10. Environmental Problems
• Global warming
• Air and water pollution
• Hazardous wastes
proliferation
• Garbage problems
• Depletion of biodiversity
and other natural resources
thegreenmarketracle.com
11. Question?
Why is awareness on environmental problems
important?
How can we understand and solve these
problems?
12. ENVIRONMENTALISM
A social, political and ethical
movement and lifestyle
concerned with protecting the
environment and using its
resources wisely
14. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTIST
Is a specialist who
studies, collects, and
analyzes data
pertaining to
environmental
conditions/problems
dreamstime.com
15. What is the difference between
Environmentalist and Environmental
Scientist?
an individual who
promotes
environmental
awareness and
advocates for the
protection of the
environment.
is a specialist who
studies, collects,
and analyzes data
pertaining to
environmental
conditions or
problems
Environmentalist Environmental
scientist
18. Chin Chin Gutierrez
One of Time Asia's 2003
Asian heroes, Filipina
actress, Chin Chin
Gutierrez, displays a solar-
panel at the House of
Representatives
( GREEN PEACE SOLAR CAFE)
20. Chin Chin Gutierrez
STOP TRASHING THE
CLIMATE: Members of the
EcoWaste Coalition and the
Global Alliance for Incinerator
Alternatives, together with
actress Chin-Chin Gutierrez,
gather in Plaza Miranda,
Quiapo, Manila last June 5,
2008
21. • Would the Earth
continue to be
resilient to the
changes it
undergoes?
• Could we find
solutions to the
environmental
problems we are
now facing?
25. Malthusian Theory
• Thomas Robert Malthus wrote his “Essay on
Principle of Population” in 1798
• The rapidly increasing population of England
feared him and he tried to warn his countrymen
• By nature human food increases in a slow
arithmetical ratio; man himself increases w/ quick
geometrical ratio unless want and vice stop him
26.
27. Arithmetic vs Exponential
• A continously increasing quantity is
said to exhibit EXPONENTIAL growth
if the ratio of its rate of growth to the
quantity itself is a constant. A similar
relationship holds between linear
growth and arithmetic progression if
its rate of change is constant
28. Arithmetic vs Exponential
• The exponential form is used when
populations reproduce
CONTINUALLY(e.g human)
• The arithmetic growth is applied
when populations have DISCRETE
generations (no overlap in
reproduction)
29. • Malthus concern was not
about population in itself,
but the fact that if it
continues to grow, food
supply would not be enough.
30. Thomas Malthus and human population
• Thomas Malthus
• Population growth must be controlled, or it will
outstrip food production.
• Starvation, war, disease
• Neo-Malthusians
• Population growth has disastrous effects.
• Paul and Anne Ehrlich, The Population Bomb (1968)
• Agricultural advances have only postponed crises.
31. POPULATION BOMB
• Paul R. Ehrlich, 1968
• Malthusian predictions
• Population growth will lead to
starvation, war, disease.
• Death rates check population unless
birth rates are lowered.
• “neo-Malthusian.”
32. • Many people disagreed with Malthus especially on
the scenario where the Earth would not be able to
provide for the exponentially growing population
because of the following:
1. Agricultural revolution
2. Industrialization
3. Advancement in technology
33. Agricultural Revolution
• Period of significant
agricultural development
marked by new farming
techniques and inventions
that lead to a massive
increase in food production.
eastasiaforum.org
34. Agricultural Revolution
• 10,000 BC- 1st agricultural
revolution as the period of
transition from a hunting and
gathering society to one based on
stationary farming
• In Great Britain, around the turn of
the 18th century.
35. Agricultural Revolution
Several major events include:
• The perfection of the horse-drawn seed press
(make farming less labor intensive and more
productive
• The large scale growth of new crops, such as
potato and maize by 1750
• The passing of the ENCLOSURE LAWS, limiting the
common land available to small farmers in 1760
36. ENCLOSURE ACTS/LAWS
• Allowed wealthy lords to
purchase public fields and push
out small-scale farmers,
causing a migration of men
looking for wage labor in cities
37. 4 INTERRELATED FACTORS TO THE
INCREASED AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
1. The increased availability
of farm land
1. A favorable climate
2. More livestock
3. Improved crop yield
38. INDUSTRIALIZATION
• Economy is transformed
from primarily agricultural
to one based on the
manufacturing of goods.
• Individual manual labor-
mechanized mass production
• Craftsmen- assembly lines
explainablestartup.com
40. • The use of fertilizers and pesticides
increased the production of crops-
however, with the control of many
pests, harmless species were
affected
41. SILENT SPRING
• Rachel Carson, 1962
Was disturbed by the use of
SYNTHETIC chemical pesticides
SILENT SPRING – gravely expressed
fears about what the pesticide
dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane
(DDT)
44. SILENT SPRING
• The book gave birth to a new
environmentalism w/c associated
the silent spring to the
developments in the chemical
industry
45. SILENT SPRING
• The connections between industrial,
economic and social development,
depletion of the natural resources,
and environmental degradation
permeated to the consciousness of
concerned citizens
46. SILENT SPRING
• Investigated the deleterious effects of DDT on
water courses, wildlife and human beings
• Human beings are merely a part of nature,
distinguished by our ability to alter it
• Called on humankind to take on this view of the
natural world
47. SILENT SPRING
• The pesticide
dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane
(DDT):
• was thought safe in 1945
• is known to be toxic today
• but is used widely in Africa to
combat malaria
48. The Tragedy of the Commons
• Garrett Hardin, 1968
• Thesis: “Freedom in a commons brings ruin to
all”(ie., the best strategy for individuals conflicts
with the common good.)
• Controversial: Argues for controls on
environmentally-detrimental aspects of human
behaviour, including reproduction
49. The Tragedy of the Commons
• Every individual believes that what he does to the
environment does not really matter because he is
just one person
• The effect of what each individual does could
lead to environment decay
https://youtu.be/CxC161GvMPc
50. Tragedy of the Commons
• What is the simple lesson learned
from the video?
• In this time of pandemic, how can
you prevent the so called “tragedy
of the commons”?
51. Resource consumption exerts impacts
• Unregulated exploitation causes resource depletion
-Grazing lands, forests, air, water
• No one has the incentive to care for a resource.
• Everyone takes what he or she can until the resource is
depleted.
Solution?
• Private ownership?
• Voluntary organization to enforce responsible use?
• Governmental regulations?
