This document summarizes reproductive effects of workplace exposures to various hazardous agents including drugs, industrial chemicals, pesticides, solvents, and non-chemical agents. It lists specific agents and their effects on males, including decreased sperm counts and abnormal sperm morphology. It also lists effects on females, including menstrual disorders, decreased fertility, spontaneous abortions, stillbirths, and fetal malformations or growth issues. The document provides a detailed breakdown of reproductive hazards categorized by type of agent.

1. Work Place Exposure &
Reproductive Effects
Dr S K Haldar

2. Hazardous Agents
• Drugs - Anesthetic Drugs / Gases, Cytotoxic,
Stillbesterol .
• Industrial Chemicals - 2-Ethoxy Ethanol, Lead
(Inorganic), Manganese, Inorganic Mercury,
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs).
• Pesticides – Carbaryl, Chlorodecon, Chloroprene, 1,2-
Dibromo-3-Chloro Propane, 2,4-Dichloro Phenoxy
Acetic Acid, Ethylene Di Bromide.
• Solvents - CS2
• Non Chemical Agents - X-Rays, Microwave, Noise,
Vibration, Physically Tiring Work, Strenuous Exercise.

3. Drugs:-
Drugs Males Females
Anesthetic
Drugs/Gases
Increased minor
Malformation of
offspring
1) Abortions
2) Foetal Growth
Retardation
Cytotoxic Unknown 1) Abortions
2) Malformations
Stillbesterol 1) Gynecomastia
2) Loss of Libido
3) Impotence
Infertility

4. Industrial Chemicals
Industrial Chemicals Males Females
2-Ethoxy Ethanol 1)Oligospermia
2)Abnormal Sperm Morphology
Unknown
Lead (Inorganic) 1)Oligospermia
2)Abnormal Sperm Morphology
3)Decreased Sperm Motility
1)Decreased Fertility
2)Abortions
3)Stillbirth
4)Neonatal Deaths
Manganese 1)Decreased Libido
2) Impotence
Unknown
Inorganic Mercury Unknown 1)Menstrual Disorders
2)Abortions
3) Malformations
4) Stillbirth
Polychlorinated Biphenyls
(PCBs)
Unknown 1)Minor Malformations
2) Foetal Growth Retardation
3) Stillbirth
4)Postnatal Deaths
5)Concentrated in Milk

5. Pesticides
Pesticides Males Females
Carbaryl 1)Abnormal Sperm Morphology Unknown
Chlorodecon 1)Oligospermia
2) Decreased Sperm Motility
3)Abnormal Sperm Morphology
Concentrated in
Milk
Chloroprene 1) Decreased Sperm Motility
2)Abnormal Sperm Morphology
Unknown
1,2-Dibromo-3-
Chloro Propane
1)Oligospermia
2)Azospermia
Unknown
2,4-Dichloro
Phenoxy Acetic Acid
1)Decreased Sperm Motility
2)Abnormal Sperm Morphology
Unknown
Ethylene Di
Bromide
1)Oligospermia
2) Decreased Sperm Motility & Viability
3)Altered Sperm Morphology
Unknown

6. Solvents:- CS2
In Males –
1)Oligospermia
2)Impotence
3)Abnormal Sperm Morphology
In Females –
1)Menstrual Disorders
2)Abortions
3)Premature Births

7. Non Chemical Agents
Agents Males Females
X-Rays Decreased Fertility 1)Developmental Toxicity
2)Teratogenicity
Microwave Unknown 1)Teratogenicity
2) Perinatal Death
Noise Unknown 1)Abortion
2)Foetal Growth Retardation
Vibration Unknown Menstrual Disorders
Physically Tiring Work Unknown Amenorrhoea
Strenuous Exercise Unknown 1)Abortion
2)Stillbirth
2)Foetal Growth Retardation