Fundación Natura y The Gold Standard Foundation (GSF) llevaron a cabo el Primer Taller Gold Standard en Colombia sobre estándares, metodologías y experiencias nacionales en el desarrollo de estrategias y proyectos de Estufas Eficientes de Leña. Este evento contó con la presencia de expertos nacionales e internacionales. Compartimos una de las presentaciones

1. 0
Beneficios de proyectos de estufas mejoradas: relaciones
entre proyectos de estufas mejoradas y aspectos de género
27 March 2013

2. 1
Contents
• Solid Fuel “The Silent Killer in the Kitchen”
• Colombia Perspective
• Role of Women
• Why Women & Children ?
• Women’s Invisible time and effort
• Fuel Collection: Women health & Safety
• Why gender perspective is relevant for Cookstove Sector?
• Best Practice Examples

3. 2
Solid Fuel(s): “The Silent Killer in the Kitchen”
• 3 billion people in more than 600 million of the world’s
households still using solid fuels in inefficient cookstoves and
open fires.
• Approximately One life is lost every 8 second
• More men, women, and children die each day from diseases
that could be entirely prevented by using advanced or “clean”
cookstoves and fuels than die from malaria or tuberculosis

4. 3
Why wood burning is Harmful?
• If your Cookstove efficiency is 100%, the
firewood shall convert to CO2 and H2O.
• The traditional cookstoves like three stone fire,
the efficiency is in the range of 7-15%.
• Due to the poor combustion in traditional
stove, around 20% of wood carbon is converted
to toxic pollutants like CO, HC, PM etc.
• Lack of ventilation, chimney makes the kitchen
a smoke factory, which is being used or other
purposes.
Typical Cookstove
releases
400 cigarettes per
hour
worth of smoke.

5. 4
Population (%) Cooking with Solid Fuel

6. 5
Why so many people are cooking using solid fuel?
• Poverty
• Access to cleaner fuel and modern
technologies
• Traditional practice
• Lack of Awareness

7. 6
Colombia: Socio- Economic Profile
• 2nd Most biodiverse in the world
• Home of 45 million people
• 75% Urban and 25% Rural
– 11.6 Million urban Households
– 2.9 Million rural households
• 45% population lives under the
National Poverty line 5%
66%
16%
33%
26%
1%
27%
0%
27%
0%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Urban Rural
Highest
High
Medium
Low
Lowest

8. 7
• Fuel Consumption pattern
• Over half of rural population still cook with solid fuel, mostly wood that they collect for
themselves
• Approximately 1.7 million (15% of total) Households are getting exposed to adverse
impact of solid fuels
Colombia: Fuel Consumption Pattern
Natural Gas;
64,30%
LPG; 26,60% Electricity;
4,50%
Wood &
Charcoal;
2,00%
Other; 2,70%
Coal ;
0,00%
Urban
Natural
Gas;
4,60%
LPG; 40,40% Electricity;
2,70%
Wood &
Charcoal;
49,30%
Other; 1,90%
Coal ; 0,90%
Rural

9. 8
Colombia: Health Impacts
• Around 1,100 - 1,900 annual deaths attributable to solid fuel use (Year
2007)
• $193 million USD annual cost of health impacts of IAP (Indoor Air
Pollution) associated with use of traditional fuels
• Indoor/outdoor air pollution damages represent 1% of Colombia’s GDP Of
which
Acute
respiratory
illness (ARI);
47%
Chronic
obstructive
pulmonary
disease;
28% Respiratory
Mortality;
12%
87%
Women and Children

10. 9
• Women and Children are most exposed to household Air
Pollution
– Women is primary cook and in charge of Kitchen
– Women & children spend a lot of time in the kitchen
– In 79% cases, kitchen also functions as a dining room or bedroom
Mother
79%
Moth
er &
Kid
18% Father &
child
3%
Father
0%
Who is the Cook at home?
70%
48%
13%
9%
22%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80%
Converse
Get Warmth
Watch TV or Radio
Study
Nothing
Other activities done in the room with the
wood stove?
Why Women and Children ?

11. 10
Women’s Invisible Time and Effort
• Women and girls are primary collector
– Around 3.34 Hrs per trip
– Time spent collecting fuel is wasted human capital time that could be
better spent on
• income generation,
• education,
• or other activities.
– Women’s Invisible Time and Effort are
• Unpaid,
• Unrecorded and
• Undervalued

12. 11
Fuel Collection:
Women health & Safety
Fuel
Collectio
n
Head and Spinal Injuries
Pregnancy Complications
Rape & Assault
Animal Attacks

13. 12
Why Gender Perspective is relevant for Cookstove
Programme?
• Can we provide any solution to these problems by
implementing the improved Cookstove ?
• Can Improved Cookstove programme contribute to Women
Empowerment and Gender Equality ?
• Women and Girls are the core of Cooking sector.

14. 13
Benefits of Improved Cookstove Programme
Improved
Cookstove
Women
Empowerment
+
Environment
(Indoor Air
Quality)
+
Avoiding
deforestation
+
Health
+
Poverty
alleviation
+
Time and Fuel
Saving

15. 14
How Women Can Contribute to Cookstove Value Chain ?
1. Product
design
2. Production
3. Consumer
Finance
4. Supplier
Finance
5. Distribution
6. After Sales
Services
• Women’s input in Design is Critical
– The Cookstove designed in collaboration with the women involvement
are more likely to be accepted and used by the women
• Best Practice Example
– The Zoom Plancha was first introduced in Mexico through a pilot project
– The local women participated in-home trials over a two-month period
– The Zoom Plancha model underwent several changes to become La Mera Mera means
“the all-knowing woman”
– Reported Uptake is around 97%

16. 15
• Production related activities such as production, assembly, and installation
may provide income generation opportunities for women
• Best Practice Example
– GERES, a French NGO began the Cambodian Fuelwood Saving Project in urban areas of
Cambodia and developed and distributed the New Lao Stove (NLS).
– Started production of different model for rural areas with the help of local women
groups
– Production and distribution rate is 8000 stove per month
– Women income generation increased around 61%
1. Product design 2. Production 3. Consumer
Finance
4. Supplier
Finance
5. Distribution
6. After Sales
Services

17. 16
1. Product design 2. Production
3.
Consumer
Finance
4. Supplier
Finance
5. Distribution
6. After Sales
Services
• Clean cooking solutions are often too expensive for outright payment by
end users but not expensive enough to be attractive to financial
institutions.
• Women has difficulty in accessing finance
• Best Practice Example
– Potential Energy launched Revolving Loan Fund (RLF) with the seed capital from GACC
– Innovative financing mechanisms where Women Development Associations (WDAs) who
serve as the retail partners selling cookstoves on installment basis to their women
members

18. 17
1. Product design 2. Production
3. Consumer
Finance
4.
Supplier
Finance
5. Distribution
6. After Sales
Services
• Women have direct and unique access to purchasers and users of the
cooking devices
• Women have opportunities to fully participate in order to truly impact as
many households as possible.
• Best Practice Example
– GVEP International (Global Village Energy Partnership) an NGO is working to increase
access to modern energy and reduce poverty in developing countries
– GVEP involved women in the cookstove programme by recruiting women’s groups, and
conducted door-to-door recruitment.
– In Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania there are around 150 improved cookstove businesses
groups led by women only.

19. 18
1. Product design 2. Production
3. Consumer
Finance
4. Supplier
Finance
5.
Distribution
6. After Sales
Services
• Women can be the key to scaling distribution of cookstoves.
• Women have access to hard-to-reach households, can utilize woman-to-
woman marketing techniques, and are trusted promoters of household
products among their peers.
• Best Practice Example
– The Paradigm Project is utilizing the wide reach of women as a trained and branded
clean energy sales force in East Africa.
– Paradigm aims to recruit a minimum of 50 percent female sales agents in Rwanda,
Ethiopia, and Kenya over the next two years. The overall project goals are to deploy 5
million improved cookstoves over the next 10 years.

20. 19
1. Product design 2. Production
3. Consumer
Finance
4. Supplier
Finance
5. Distribution
6. After Sales
Services
• The women as primary users of clean cookstoves, it is logical that they are the
ones who can become experts in their maintenance and encourage their long-
term adoption.
• Woman-to-woman communication can be very effective, particularly in rural
and conservative areas, and can help in ensuring that cookstove are being
used regularly and correctly.
• Best Practice Example
– Sakhi Unique Rural Enterprise (SURE), founded in India in 2009, engages rural women in the
supply chain to bring improved cookstoves, to last mile consumers.
– In partnership with over 400 Sakhis (women), SURE has already sold over 86,000 improved
cookstoves.
– 25% of these are well trained in after sale services.

21. 20
Summary
• Women is core of cooking sector.
• Along with other environment, social, health benefits, the cookstove
programme can help in women empowerment by
- engaging women in income-generating opportunities
- especially in the marketing, distribution, sales, and after-sales servicing
of cookstove programme.

22. 21
The Gold Standard Foundation
Vikash Talyan
vikash.talyan@goldstandard.org
+41 22 788 70 80
www.goldstandard.org

23. 22
Colombia: Fuel Consumption Pattern
20% 19%
12%
16% 16%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
Caribbean East Bogoto Central Pacific Amazons
Overall % Using Solid Fuel , by Region