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1. AMGAD
Dr.M al-olofi

2. working principle
• The working principle of the medical endoscope is that the light
source illuminates the detected, and the objective lens images the
measured object on the camera converts the optical signal, which is
transmitted from the cable to the video processor, and restored.
Displayed on the monitor. The camera photo surface consists of
regularly arranged diodes. Each diode is called a pixel determines the
quality of the image.

3. ‫توضيحي‬ ‫صورة‬
‫ة‬
‫منظار‬ ‫ع‬
‫االثنى‬
‫عشر‬

4. Capsule Endoscopy
Capsule endoscopy (Wireless Capsule) is a procedure that uses a tiny wireless camera
to take pictures of the organs in the body that food and liquids travel through. This is
called the digestive tract. A capsule endoscopy camera sits inside a vitamin-sized
capsule. After it's swallowed, the capsule travels through the digestive tract. The
camera takes thousands of pictures that are sent to a recorder worn on a belt around
the waist.

5. Used
• Capsule endoscopy can detect signs of digestive system problems and
help diagnose a variety of conditions. Your doctor may recommend
capsule endoscopy if he or she suspects you have: Crohn's disease
and other forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) Gastrointestinal
bleeding.

6. consist of
1. White light-emitting diodes(LEDs) powered by battery (illumination
light).
2. Low noise Complementary metal oxide silicon detector (CMOS)
which produces images with quality similar or less to the CCD
detector with less power consumption.
3. UHF band radio telemetry Which transmit the images to aerials
beside the patient then stored on portable solid state recorder.
4. The Integration of the detector, transmitter & LEDs was performed
by application specific circuit (ASIC) design.

7. 5. A schematic diagram of the wireless capsule shows the following:
i. An optical dome that covers 4 LEDs.
ii. Short focal length objective lens.
iii. CMOS detector.
iv. Two silver oxide batteries.
v. Transmitter.

8. 6. The images are delivered via transmitter & antenna at a rate of 2
frames per second.
7. Capsule trip time average via GI tract 80 min.(17-280).
8. The anatomic location of the capsule is determined by:
Location=
9. Wireless Capsule has the potential for diagnostic use in occult
gastrointestinal bleeding.

9. video

10. Advantages of capsule
endoscopy:
• Safe
• Painless
• no risk for infection and
does not require sedation
Disadvantages of a
capsule endoscopy:
• There is a slight risk
that the PillCam can
become lodged in your
small intestine,
resulting in small
bowel obstruction

11. ‫للعرض‬
‫كاااامل‬
‫الصيانة‬

12. ‫الشركات‬