Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects 10% of the worldwide population. CKD progresses more slowly in women than men but women are less aware and often start dialysis late or not at all. CKD causes loss of kidney function over several years as the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste from the blood and control blood pressure. While there is no cure for CKD, treatments can help manage symptoms and slow disease progression.

2.  CKD affects almost 195 million women worldwide. The risk of CKD is as high in
women as in men. 10% of the population worldwide is affected by chronic kidney
disease (CKD).
 CKD progression is slower in women than in men but less awareness leads to late
or no start of dialysis among women.
 Chronic kidney disease (CKD) grows very slowly and causes loss of kidney function
over a period of several years.
 Kidney disease can affect our body’s ability to clean our blood, filter extra water
out of our blood, and help control our blood pressure.
 There is no cure for chronic kidney disease, there are some treatment which can
reduce the symptoms.
 On this World Kidney Day, we should promote affordable and equitable access to
health education, healthcare and prevention for CKD for all in the world.

3.  Kidneys cleanse 200 liters of blood a day to remove 2 liters of toxins, wastes and
water. In form of urine all waste and extra fluids move out and keeps our body
healthy
 Kidneys maintain the blood pressure by controlling fluid levels and making the
hormone that causes blood vessels constrict.
 Kidneys produce vitamin D which is good for bones and tissues. Vitamin D absorbs
calcium and phosphorus which are important to make bones strong.
 Kidneys produce the hormone called erythropoietin that stimulates bone marrow
to build RBC.
 Kidneys keep a balance of water and minerals (such as sodium, potassium, and
phosphorus) in the blood. Thus kidneys control pH levels.

4. The type of kidney damage that can get worse over time and lead to kidney failure:
• Acute kidney disease
• Chronic kidney disease
• Kidney stones
• Kidney infection

5.  Feeling cold – when others are warm
 Shortness of breath – after very little effort
 Feeling faint, dizzy, or weak
 Trouble thinking clearly
Feeling very itchy
 Failing kidneys don't remove extra fluid which cause puffy face, swelling in hands
or feet
 Food tastes like metal – wastes in the blood can make food taste different
 Ammonia breath which cause bad breath
 Upset stomach, nausea, vomiting
 Loss of appetite
 Getting up during the night to make urine
 Foamy or bubbly urine
 Brown, red, or purple urine – urine may contain blood
 Pressure when you make urine – having difficulty in urinating

6.  Type 1 or type 2 diabetes
 High blood pressure
 Glomerulonephritis, an inflammation
of the kidney's filtering units (glomeruli)
 Interstitial nephritis, an inflammation of
the kidney's tubules and surrounding
structures
 Polycystic kidney disease
 Prolonged obstruction of the urinary tract, from
conditions such as enlarged prostate, kidney stones
and some cancers
 Vesicoureteral reflux, a condition that causes urine
to back up into your kidneys
 Recurrent kidney infection, also called pyelonephritis

7.  A blood creatinine test helps to estimate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) by
measuring the level of creatinine in your blood.
 A blood urea nitrogen (BUN) test measures how much nitrogen from the waste
product urea is in your blood.
 A fasting blood glucose test is done to measure your blood sugar. High blood
sugar levels damage blood vessels in the kidneys.
 Blood tests measure levels of waste products and electrolytes in your blood that
should be removed by your kidneys.
 A blood test for parathyroid hormone (PTH) checks the level of PTH, which helps
control calcium and phosphorus levels.
 Urinalysis (UA) and a urine test for microalbumin, or other urine tests, can
measure protein in your urine.
 Imaging Tests like ultrasound and CT scan may be used to look for abnormalities in
size or position of the kidneys
 Kidney Biopsy is done to evaluate the amount of damage that has occurred in the
kidney

8. Treatments usually consists of measures to help control signs and symptoms, reduce
complications, and slow progression of the kidney disease. They are:
 High blood pressure medications
 Medications to lower cholesterol levels
 Medications to treat anemia
 Medications to relieve swelling
 Medications to protect your bones
 A lower protein diet to minimize waste products in your blood
Treatment for end-stage kidney disease:
 Dialysis
 Kidney transplant

9. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) can't always be prevented, but we can take steps to
reduce the chances of getting the condition.
 Stop smoking
 Healthy diet like a
low-salt, low-fat diet
 Cut down on alcohol
 Exercise regularly at
least for 30 minutes
 Be careful with painkillers