It discusses about Transdermal DDS and other NDDS

1. Unit 3: TDDS, GRDDS,
NDDS, PDDS
Dr. Eswar Gupta Maddi
Professor, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy,
Bangalore, Karnataka.

2. TDDS - Definition
It is a patch placed on
surface of skin that
releases the drug for a
long period of time.

3. Nicotine Patch

10. Advantages of TDDS
1.No first pass effect
2.Long action
3.Self administration possible
4.By simply removing the patch,
we can terminate drug action.

11. Disadvantages of TDDS
1. Cost
2. Skin irritation
3. Suitable for potent drugs only
4. Large dose – not possible
5. Skin not uniform in thickness, drug
release varies from site to site.

12. Structure of Skin
1. Largest organ, 2 Kg weight, 2 Square
meter in area.
2. Epidermis, dermis and sub cutaneous
tissue.
3. Epidermis – top layer – no blood supply –
made of dead cells – main barrier for
absorption of drugs.
4. Dermis – High blood supply.

13. Factors Affecting Drug
Permeability through skin
1. Drug crosses skin through sweat pores,
along hair follicles, intercellular and
intracellular.
2. Thin skin
3. More hair follicles
4. Hot and humid
5. Damaged skin

18. Absorption Through Skin

23. Membrane Controlled DDS

29. Gastric Floating Tablet

30. High Density GRDDS

31. Expandable GRDDS

32. Adhesive GRDDS

33. Raft Forming System

34. Introduction to Nasal DDS
• Nasal mucosa – good blood supply,
bioavailability is good.
• Local / systemic action.
• Olfactory pathway – can deliver drugs to brain.
• Nasal spray, nasal inhalers, nasal drops.
• Used for – diabetes, migraine, smoking
cessation, pain relief, etc.

35. Nasal Drug Delivery

36. Advantages of Nasal DDS
1. Avoids first pass effect
2. Quick onset of action
3. Bioavailability for small drug molecules
good.
4. Alternate to parenteral route for protein
and peptide drugs.
5. Ex: Nasal drops of Insulin

37. Disadvantages of Nasal DDS
1. Absorption enhancers are required
2. In convenient as compared to oral
routes
3. Small absorption area than GIT
4. Damage to nasal cilia.
5. Self administration difficult.

38. Nasal DDS
1. Nasal drops
2. Nasal spray – Squeezed nasal
bottles
3. Nebulizers.

39. Nasal Spray

40. Nasal Spray

41. Nebulizer

42. Nebulizer

43. Introduction to Pulmonary DDS
1.Delivery of drug to respiratory
tract.
2.Local / systemic action
3.Rapid drug absorption
4.Blood supply more to lungs

44. Pulmonary Route

45. Advantages of Pulmonary DDS
1. Avoids first pass effect
2. Quick onset of action – comparable to
parenteral route
3. Dose required very less.
4. Salbutamol tablet – 4 mg dose, Asthalin
inhaler – 100 mcg in one dose.
5. Bioavailability of drug molecules good.

46. Disadvantages of Pulmonary DDS
1. Patient to be trained in using PDDS
2. Large doses not possible
3. Improper dosing reproducibility
4. Device like nebulizer, spacer
required.
5. Drug deposition in lungs vary from
patient to patient.

47. Pulmonary DDS
1. Nebulizers
2. Dry powder inhaler
3. Metered dose inhaler

48. Nebulizer

49. Nebulizer

50. Metered Dose Inhaler / Aerosol