Baskerville 11e ppt 10 eg edit

Unions and Guilds
• Characterized by Collective Bargaining and the
idea that working together gives workers
more leverage than individuals.
Music Business Handbook and Career
Guide, 11th Ed.
© 2016 Sherwood Publishing Partners

Unions and Guilds
• The terms are generally used interchangeably
under the term “UNION.”
• A Guild is a collective bargaining organization
for independent contractors.
• A Union is a collective bargaining organization
for employees.
Guide, 11th Ed.

Unions and Guilds
• Structure
 Trade union
 Guild
 Associations—various memberships and missions
• To join or not to join . . .
 Sometimes you have a choice
 Sometimes you have no choice (union shop)
Guide, 11th Ed.

What does a Union Contract typically cover?
• Wages
– Bandleader pay
– Tracking scale
• Hours (overtime, etc.)
• Type of venue
• Rehearsals and fees
• Reuse and New Uses
Guide, 11th Ed.

What does a Union Membership Offer
• Pensions
• Healthcare programs
• Benefits of collective bargaining
• Seniority has benefits
Guide, 11th Ed.

American Federation of Musicians
• Oldest union in entertainment
• Declining membership
• Membership = primarily conductors, instrumentalists, arrangers, or
copyists
• Organized on two levels
– National Contracts: Electronic Media Services Division
– Local: Regional offices
• AFM constraints
– State right-to-work laws have greatly weakened the AFM
– Under the Taft-Hartley Act musicians are generally Independent
Contractors and, as such, are not entitled to Union protections at the
same level as employees
Guide, 11th Ed.

Union Finance
• Funds = new members’ initiation fees +
annual dues + work dues
• Assessment = 2% to 5% of union scale wages
• Locals forward a portion to international
headquarters
Guide, 11th Ed.

Other Services
• License and control booking agents
• Sue or blacklist slow-paying or nonpaying
employers
Guide, 11th Ed.

SAG-AFTRA
• 160,000 members; its representation in music stems from
premerger AFTRA union
• Taft-Hartley Act only excuses membership for 30 days
• For singers, works primarily with national contracts
• Negotiates complex wage scales for singers
Guide, 11th Ed.

SAG-AFTRA
• GLOBAL RULE ONE: No member shall render any
services or make an agreement to perform
services for any employer who has not executed a
basic minimum agreement with the union, which
is in full force and effect, in any jurisdiction in
which there is a SAG-AFTRA national collective
bargaining agreement in place. This provision
applies worldwide.
• Simply put, a SAG-AFTRA member must always
work under a union contract around the globe.
Guide, 11th Ed.

SAG-AFTRA
• “Global Rule One is among the founding principles of the union: We
stand together as members and do not work without a union
contract where there are multiemployer industrywide agreements in
place — for example, films, scripted television, commercials, non-
broadcast, interactive, new media, indie and student film
productions. It does not, however, automatically apply in
jurisdictions where there are no multiemployer, industrywide
agreements unless there is an active organizing effort underway.”
• SAG-AFTRA members can benefit from the protections of SAG-
AFTRA collective bargaining agreements anywhere they work in the
world. Working without a SAG-AFTRA contract degrades your
earning power and erodes the hard-won gains of the union, which
hurts all members.
Guide, 11th Ed.

SAG-AFTRA
• Singer contracts provide for new use or extended use
– New Use: When an additional use of the work occurs in a different medium
from the original and the artist is paid again (song in a film, etc.)
– Extended Use: When the originally contemplated use is extended and the
artist is then paid more
• Brokered landmark agreement with five major labels covering dancers and
background singers
• Member of Associated Actors and Artistes of America:
(the 4-As) = SAG-AFTRA, Actors Equity, AGVA, AGMA, GIAA (Guild of Italian
American Actors)
• Affiliated with the AFL-CIO
Guide, 11th Ed.

American Guild of Musical Artists
• A 4-A union
• Serves singers and dancers in some fields
 opera, dance, concert, oratorio, and recital fields
• Employment agreements
 often negotiated for particular ensemble
 negotiated with nonprofit arts organizations that own
performing groups
 negotiate national Master Agreements
Guide, 11th Ed.

American Guild of Variety Artists
• Represents singers, dancers, comedians, ice
skaters, jugglers, magicians who perform live
• Members include
 struggling regional performers
 world-famous artists
• Negotiates national agreements with venues in
which its members perform
Guide, 11th Ed.

Actors’ Equity Association
• Represents professional actors, chorus members, and stage managers on the
legitimate stage
• Members all over country now
• Production Contract, Off-Broadway Contract, and LORT Contract
• Has best reputation for flexibility with producers
• Primary benefit = requires a bond for minimum guarantee of employment
• Permits limited talent “showcases”
Guide, 11th Ed.

International Alliance of Theatrical Stage
Employees (IATSE)
• Jurisdiction over stage and film
 legitimate theater: stage hands to ticket sellers
 film: sound technicians, wardrobe, camera, and
animators
• Agreements with multiple organizations
Guide, 11th Ed.

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