2. • 648 : Raja Harsh dead
• During Harsh Reign : Islam [Arab : Prophet
Muhammad ; Religion : ISLAM]
• Baluchistan & Sindh Captured (During Harsh
Reign )
• Rashtra kutt good Relation with ARAB
3. • Nehru records that while Harsha’s death in
648 AD ended his powerful reign.
• lslam was taking shape in Arabic.
• Its revered prophet Mohammad, who had
vitalized his people with faith and
enthusiasm, died in 632 AD.
4. Prophet Muhammad
• 570 AD: Born (Macca)
• 610 AD: Enlighten (Hira Pahari)
• 622 AD: Hijari Samwat start (on the occasion
of going from macca to madina)
• 632 AD : Dead
5. • Holly Book : Quran
• Namaj : 5 times in a day
• Ramjan [Roja, Donation, Macca visit if
possible]
• Siyya
• Sunni
6. • Soon after, Arabs carried the banner of lslam
right across the Iran and central Asia in the
east by the 8th century,
• But their conquests in 712 AD did not go
beyond Sind in India.
7. Saudi Arab : North Africa, Arab
Island,Iran, India,
8. • Though there was no more invasion for nearly
300 years contacts grew between India and
the Arab world with Indians getting to know
the new religion, Islam, before it came as a
political force.
• Missionaries came to spreed the new faith
and they were welcome in the old tradition of
India to be tolerant to all faiths and forms of
worship.
9. • Nehru notes that the new Arab Empire under
the Khalifas took the capital to Baghdad.
• Evenafter the Turks came from Central Asia
and Sultan Mahmud of ghazni, a Turk, arose in
Afghanistan as a warrior, ignoring Khalifas
• Baghdad still continued as the cultural centre
of the lslamic world.
10. • By 1000 AD, Sultan Mahmud began his raids
into India.
• These raids were bloody and ruthless
• On every occasion Mahmud carried away with
him a vast quantity of treasure.
11. 11th Century : Mahmud Ghazni
Take Architecture & Workers
12. • As we see, the conflict mounts between
Mahmud of Ghazni and Khalifas of Baghdad
with the dwindling power
21. • Firdausi remains a universally applauded poet.
• As Nehru notes, Mahmud died in 1030 AD and
• Another 160 years elapsed without further
invasions of India or extension to Turki’s rule
beyond the Punjab
22. Afhganistan
• 1030: ghazni dead
• 1190 : No attack : no go beyond Punjab Turki
• Afghan::Sahabuddin Gori (win Ghazni)
• Gori --: Lahore Delhi (Prithviraj Chauhan)
23. • Then an Afghan, Shahab-ud-Din Ghori,
captured Ghazni before marching to Lahore
and then to delhi.
• But as we witness here, he is cautioned to
compromise by an Indian messenger before
launching his vaunted journey against the
Rajput King of Delhi, Prithviraj Chauhan.
27. • After an utter defeat of Ghori, we see how
Prithiviraj most magnanimously extends his
hand of friendship to Ghori, squrned haughtily
by the latter.
29. • Still he is allowed to go scot-free in lieu of 700
iraqi horses, 30 elephants and 30 shields,
apart from Prithviraj presenting him with
bejeweled necklaces
30. • In a charming legend, Prithviraj is eulogized as a
popular hero for his love of Sanjukta the
beauteous daughter of king Jaichandra of Kanauj
• Sanjukta returns the love in ample measure and
puts her nuptial garland round the neck of
Prithvirj’s staru as doorkeeper, which his father
erected contemptuously! In a reckless venture,
Prirhviraj comes on horseback to claim his bride
and return to Delhi.
![• 648 : Raja Harsh dead
• During Harsh Reign : Islam [Arab : Prophet
Muhammad ; Religion : ISLAM]
• Baluchistan & Sindh Captured (During Harsh
Reign )
• Rashtra kutt good Relation with ARAB](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)