EThical and Legal Issues in Electoral Participation
1.
2.
3. Ethical and Legal Concerns
on the Political and
Electoral Participation of
Educators and Students
SPCT Botong Petrean Launching
April 21, 2022
SPCT Gymnasium
Emmanuel L. Templa, MPA
4.
5. Identification:
It is the primary body of
government that administers
and facilitates the conduct of
election in the Philippines.
8. ANSWER
TRUE
the 1987 constitution itself does specify qualifications, however, those qualifications are
loose
individuals may run for any government positions so long as they possess the
qualifications and none of disqualifications set under the law and constitution.
10. ANSWER
FALSE.
Election in the Philippines is decided by Plurality Rule Electoral System
• In order for a candidate running for a position to secure it he or she
must have plurality of vote in his or her favor. Meaning the candidate
with the most votes wins.
• All post EDSA Philippine President are considered to be “minority
president”. For example Pres. Duterte won the election in 2016 after
receiving the highest number of vote despite not getting more than half
of the total votes.
11. IDENTIFICATION.
How many persons are currently are
currently aspiring or running to
become the next president of the
Republic of the Philippines?
18. ANSWER
16, 385 +-
• 1 President and 1 vice President
• 12 seats to the Senate;
• All 316 seats to the House of Representatives;
• All 81 governors and vice governors, and 782 seats to provincial boards in
all provinces;
• All 146 city mayors and vice mayors, and 1,650 seats to city councils in all cities
• All 1,488 municipal mayors and vice mayors, and 11,908 seats to municipal
councils in all municipalities
20. ANSWER
P 1.50 (per registered voters)
Sec. 100. Limitations upon expenses of candidates. - No candidate shall spend for his
election campaign an aggregate amount exceeding one peso and fifty centavos for
every voter currently registered in the constituency where he filed his candidacy:
Provided, That the expenses herein referred to shall include those incurred or caused to
be incurred by the candidate, whether in cash or in kind, including the use, rental or hire
of land, water or aircraft, equipment, facilities, apparatus and paraphernalia used in the
campaign: Provided, further, That where the land, water or aircraft, equipment, facilities,
apparatus and paraphernalia used is owned by the candidate, his contributor or
supporter, the Commission is hereby empowered to assess the amount commensurate
with the expenses for the use thereof, based on the prevailing rates in the locality and
shall be included in the total expenses incurred by the candidate.
21. TRUE or FALSE
Casting vote in the election day
is not just a right but an
obligation of every citizen
entitled to vote
22. ANSWER
TRUE
Casting a vote on the election day is more than just
one of the democratic rights of the eligible Filipino
people. Under the Omnibus Code of the Philippines, the
electoral participation of the people is treated as an
obligation: meaning, the voters are expected to register
and, subsequently, exercise their right to determine the
next leaders of the country.
23. Identification
This Code shall govern all
elections of public officers and,
to the extent appropriate, all
referenda and plebiscites.
25. Ethical and Legal Concerns
on the Political and
Electoral Participation of
Educators and Students
SPCT Botong Petrean Launching
April 21, 2022
SPCT Gymnasium
Emmanuel L. Templa, MPA
26. Election is one of the most
exciting event in the
Philippines.
27. OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION
• ELECTION AND WHY IT MATTERS
• CHALLENGES TO ELECTION IN THE PHILIPPINES
• ELECTORAL AND POLITICAL PARTICIPATION
• CHALLENGES TO ELECTORAL AND POLITICAL
PARTICIPATION
• IMPORTANCE OF ELECTORAL AND POLITICAL
PARTICIPATION AND ENGAGEMENT
29. Article II, Section 1 of the 1987 Constitution…
The Philippines is a democratic and
republican State. Sovereignty resides in
the people and all government
authority emanates from them.
30. By Being Democratic….
•a form of government in
which the common people
hold political power and
can rule either directly or
through elected
representatives.
31. To put it simply…….
….. government of the
people, by the people,
for the people…..
(U.S. President Abraham Lincoln, The Gettysburg Address, November
19, 1863)
38. ELECTION is an integral to democratic
governance….
It is through the election that we hold
politicians accountable for their actions….
Elections allows people to take an
active role in shaping the future…
39. It allow people to scrutinize policies and
platforms….. Which in turn determine
governmental policies
Election serves as a major source of
political recruitment..
Election allows opportunity for
representations…
42. Politics in the Philippines has traditionally been
dominated by clans and political bosses and
patronage and is characterized by law makers that
make decisions based on fiscal incentives rather that
beliefs
43. Voters that make choices based on
personality rather than reasoned
policies.
44. traditional “Utang na loob” system of patronage,
or obligation earned through favors, voters
expect money or jobs in return for their political
support.
45. In many cases politician’s
performance was based on dole-
outs not on programs or policies.
46. traditional “Utang na loob” system of patronage,
or obligation earned through favors, voters expect
money or jobs in return for their political support.
47. Personalities are more important than
parties in Philippine politics. Movie stars
and other celebrities have enjoyed some
degree of success
48. The support of the military and the
Catholic church are key to political
survival and success in the
Philippines.
49. Other
• Partisanship
• Vote Buying/Vote Selling
• Political Dynasty
• Nepotism
• Bribery
• Voter’s Anomaly
• Influence of social media
• Misinformation and Disinformation
• Historical revisionism/alternative facts
50. Reflection Point:
What are the various
challenges on election integrity
that I have personally observe
and experienced? How does it
impact me?
58. Reflection Point :
What are the things that hinder
me to actively participate and
involve myself in electoral and
political processes of my
country?
60. Through participation, citizens take an
active role towards mitigating the
negative effects brought by many
challenges in the electoral and political
landscape of the society.
