This is the case study of Mal.

1. Better Rural Livelihoods through
Improved Irrigation Management:
Office du Niger(Mali)
Presented By : Shahtaj Keerio
U.S.-PakiStan CentreS forU.S.-PakiStan CentreS for
advanCed StUdieS in WateradvanCed StUdieS in Water
(USPCaS-W)(USPCaS-W)
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2. OutlinesOutlines
Background
Introduction
Approaches
Types of Impacts
Outcomes
References
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3. IntroductionIntroduction
In many parts of the world, improving rural
livelihoods and incomes means transforming
the way in which agricultural water is
managed. Mali is a case in point. The Office
du Niger, formed in the 1930s a centralized
public enterprise to produce irrigated cotton
and rice, has been significantly revamped
since the 1990s The result has been dramatic
gains in rice production and farm incomes,
and reductions in rural poverty.
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 The case shows that changing agricultural
water management requires a supportive
macro-policy environment, and
appropriate institutional changes and
infrastructural investments. Equally
important, it shows that those reforms may
need to precede improvements in water
management. Moreover, in aid-dependent
low-income countries reform cannot occur
unless both government and donors concur
on the need for change.

5. Efficiency, EquityEfficiency, Equity
And Sustainability ImpactsAnd Sustainability Impacts
The infrastructural, institutional, economic
and financial changes introduced in the mid
1990s have had very substantial impacts on
economic efficiency and (to lesser
extent)equity in the Office du Niger.
Progress on environmental sustainability,
however, has been slow.
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6. Efficiency gains in business process and
increases in cultivated area
Improvements in rice productivity and
production.
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9. Improvements In Employment AndImprovements In Employment And
Labour ProductivityLabour Productivity
Before the mid 1980s, rice production in
the Office du Niger was extensive, with a
family of 3.5 active workers cultivating 5
to 6 hectares (about 1.7 hectares per adult
worker).
In 2004, there were 364,769 inhabitants
living in 253 villages within the Office du
Niger area, a 110 per cent increase since
1934–1947.
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10. Differential Changes Infarm IncomeDifferential Changes Infarm Income
Crop budget analyses consistently show high
levels of net returns per hectare for most
Office du Niger farmers.
The gross margin per hectare is almost
250,000CFA (approximatelyUS$500).
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12. Impacts On PovertyImpacts On Poverty
The increase in income has improved
livelihoods. For example, The Gross Income
generated during the 2003/2004 season was
estimated to be 80 billion CFA (US$160
million), with 50 billion CFA (US$100
million) from rice and 30 billion CFA
(US$60 million) from vegetable production.
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13. Environmental ImpactsEnvironmental Impacts
Inefficient use of irrigation water and
problems with drainage, waterlogging and
salinity have always plagued the Office du
Niger. More recently, the spread of water-
borne diseases, the wide use of fertilizers
and pesticides, and increased deforestation
have also caused concern. So far, however
,there forms have not paid much attention to
these and other environmental problems.Sunday, April 14, 2019 13

14. Final OutcomesFinal Outcomes
The impact of the macro-policy
environment on the process of change :
• The right environment
• Importance of the coherence and timing of
there forms
The role of government and donors–
aligning interests
• Donor coordination
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15. Enhancing the role of farmers
• Land tenure
• Partnership with producers
Improving the balance among economic
efficiency, equity and environmental
sustainability
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16. ReferencesReferences
Washington,DC,TheWorldBank Bélières, J.-
F. and Bomans, E. (2001) Coût de
production du rizdecontre-
saisonetd’hivernage1999danslazoneOfficedu
Niger. Résultats partiels des enquêtes
détaillées sur les
exploitationsagricolesdelazoneOfficeduNige
r,NoteNo.2, Ségou,Mali
https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=fGfNCxzPYHU&t=390s
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