vocal and dance form of Latin american music

3. Latin American instrument are extremely useful
in adding life,color and variety to their many
vocal and dance forms which have captured the
world's attention and affectionate adoption.

4. 1.Cumbia - Originating in Panama and colombia, The
cumbia became a popular african courtship
dance with europian and african
instrumentation and characteristics.
It contained varying rhythmic meters among
the major locations
2
4 Meter in colombia; ² , ⁴ ⁶
⁴ ⁴ ⁸
and Meters in
Panama,and
²
²
meter in Mexico.

5. Instruments used are the drums of African origin, such
as the tabora (bass drum), claves,
which are hard, thick sticks that sets the beat, guitar,
accordion, clarinet, modern
flute, and caja, a type of snare drum.

6. 2.Tango
The word tango may have been of African origin meaning
“African dance” or
from the Spanish word taner meaning “to play” (an
instrument). It is a foremost
Argentinian and Uruguayan urban popular song and dance
that is related to the
Cuban contradanza, habanera, and Cuban tango, and
remains a 20th century
nationalistic Argentinian piece of music that is most
expressive.

7. 3.Cha Cha
The cha cha is a ballroom dance the originated in Cuba
in 1953, derived from the mambo and its characteristic
rhythm of 2 crochets – 3 quavers – quaver rest, with a
syncopation on the fourth beat. The cha cha may be
danced with Cuban music, Latin Pop, or Latin Rock.
The Cuban cha cha, considered more sensual that may
contain polyrhythmic patterns, has a normal count of
‘two-three-chachacha’ and ‘four and one, two, three’.

8. 4.Rumba
The rumba popular recreational dance of Afro-Cuban origin,
performed in a
complex duple meter pattern and tresillo, which is a dotted
quaver – dotted quaver
– dotted semiquaver rhythm. It is normally used as a
ballroom dance where a solo
dancer or couple would be in an embrace though slightly
apart, with the rocking
of the hips to a fast-fast-slow sequence and often containing
cross rhythms.

9. 5.bossa nova
Bossa nova originated in 1958-59 as a movement
effecting a radical change in
the classic Cuban samba. The word bossa comes from
the Brazilian capital of Rio
de Janeiro, which means either “trend” or “something
charming,” integrating
melody, harmony, and rhythm into a swaying feel, where
the vocal style is often
nasal.

10. The nylon-stringed classical guitar is the most
important instrument of this
style. Bossa nova contains themes centering on
love, women, longing, nature,
and youthfulness.

11. A foremost figure of bossa nova is Antonio
Carlos Jobim, who became famous with his
song Desafinado (1957). He collaborated with
Vincius de Moraes in the play Orfeu da
Conceicao (1956), musical recording of Cancao
do Amor Demais (1958), and the song Garota
de Ipanema or Girl from Ipanema (1962) that
turned bossa nova’s popularity into a worldwide
phenomenon.

12. In the Philippine pop music scene, Sitti Navarro is a
singer who has become known as the “Philippines’
Queen of Bossa Nova.” Some of her bossa nova songs
include Para sa Akin, Hey Look at the Sun, Lost in
Space, and Kung Di Rin Lang Ikaw.

13. 6.Reggae
Reggae is an urban popular music and dance style that originated in Jamaica in
the mid 1960’s. It contained English text coupled with Creole expressions that
were not so familiar to the non-Jamaican. It was a synthesis of Western
American
(Afro-American) popular music and the traditional Afro-Jamaican music,
containing a western-style melodic-harmonic base with African sounds and
characteristics, American pop and rock music mannerisms, and a preference for
a
loud volume in the bass.

14. The best-known proponent of
reggae music is Bob Marley,
a Jamaican singer-songwriter,
musician, and guitarist. He
achieved international fame and
acclaim for songs such as: One
Love, Three Little Birds; No
Woman, No Cry; Redemption
Song; and Stir It Up.

15. 7.Foxtrot
The foxtrot is a 20th century social dance that
originated
after 1910 in the USA. It was executed as a one
step,
two step and syncopated rhythmic pattern. The
tempo
varied from 30 to 40 bars per minute and had a
simple
duple meter with regular 4-bar phrases.

16. 8.Paso Doble
The paso doble (meaning “double step”) is a
theatrical
Spanish dance used by the Spaniards in bullfights,
where
the music was played as the matador enters (paseo)
and during passes just before the kill (faena).

17. 77% 12.3W
82%
Jazz

18. The arrival of the jazz genre did not come overnight. It was
an offshoot of the
music of African slaves who migrated to America. As music
is considered a therapeutic
outlet for human feelings, the Africans used music to recall
their nostalgic past in their
home country as well as to voice out their sentiments on
their desperate condition at that
time. Since then, these melancholy beginnings have
evolved into various more upbeat
jazz forms which the world has adopted and incorporated
into other contemporary styles.

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Ragtime
Ragtime is an American popular musical style mainly for piano, originating in the
Afro-
American communities in St. Louis and New Orleans. Its style was said to be a
modification
of the “marching mode” made popular by John Philip Sousa, where the effect is
generated
by an internally syncopated melodic line pitted against a rhythmically
straightforward
bass line. Its music is written unlike jazz which is mainly improvised, and contains
regular
meters and clear phrases, with an alternation of low bass or bass octaves and
chords.

20. Foremost exponents of ragtime were Jelly Roll Morton who
was an American ragtime
and early jazz pianist and composed Frog I More Rag. Scott
Joplin, who also composed
the popular Maple Leaf Rag, Solace, and The Entertainer.
Joplin is also knows as the
“King of Ragtime.” Ragtime also influenced a number of
classical composers, among
them Erik Satie, Claude Debussy, and Igor Stravinsky, who
injected ragtime rhythmic
elements in their compositions.

21. Big Band
The term ‘Big Band” refers to a large ensemble form
originating in the United States in
the mid 1920’s closely associated with the Swing Era
with jazz elements. Relying heavily
on percussion (drums), wind, rhythm section (guitar,
piano, double bass, vibes), and
brass instruments (saxophones), with a lyrical string
section (violins and other string
instruments) to accompany a lyrical melody.

22. BeBop
Bebop or bop is a musical style of modern jazz which is
characterized by a fast tempo,
instrumental virtuosity, and improvisation that emerged
during World War II. The speed
of the harmony, melody, and rhythm resulted in a heavy
performance where the instrumental sound became
more tense
and free.

23. Its main exponents were trumpeter Dizzy Gillespie,
alto sax
player Charlie Parker, drummers Max Roach and Roy
Haynes,
pianists Bud Powell and Thelonius Monk; guitarist
Charlie
Christian; tenor sax players Dexter Gordon and
Sonny Rollins,
who was also a composer; and trombonist JJ
Johnson.

24. Jazz Rock
Jazz rock is the music of 1960’s and 1970’s bands that inserted
jazz elements into rock
music. A synonym for “jazz fusion,” jazz rock is a mix of funk and
R&B (“rhythm and
blues”) rhythms, where the music used amplification
and electronic effects, complex time signatures, and
extended instrumental compositions with lengthy
improvisations in the jazz style.
Popular singer/songwriters Joni Mitchell, Tim
Buckley, and Van Morrison were among those who
adopted the jazz rock style.

25. Some popular groups that emerged using the
above music styles were the following:
* Grateful Dead
* Cream
* Blood, Sweat, and Tears
* Santana
* Traffic
* Chicago
* Steely Dan
* Lighthouse
* Frank Zappa
* Soft Machine
* Hatfield and the North

26. Quiz 1-10
1. Which type of music was popularized by Bob
Marley?
2. Which type of music was popularized by Antonio
Carlos Jobim?
3. Who is known as the “Philippines’ Queen of Bossa Nova”?

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5.Which type of music was adopted by singer-songwriter Joni
Mitchell?
7-10. Name atleast four of the popular groups that used the
jazz rock style.
6. Name one of the Big Bands that became
popular.
4. It is a popular recreational dance of Afro-Cuban origin,
performed in a
complex duple meter pattern and tresillo.