IWRM in Vietnam.

1. INTEGRATED
WATER
RESOURCES
MANAGEMENT
Prof.YOUNGHYUN CHO
Presenter: NGUYEN DUC ANH - 2021712226
VIETNAM
IN

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4. 1. INTRODUCTION
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Figure 1. Location of Vietnam in the world
(Source: maphill.com)
• Land boundaries: Laos (2,130 km),
Cambodia (1,228 km), China (1,281 km)
• Area: 310,070 km2
• Population: 98,32 millions (2021)
• Coastline: 3,260 km

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2. WATER RESOURCES IN VIETNAM
2.1. River system: 2,372 rivers longer than 10 km, giving 255
billion m3 of water annually.
2.2. Rainwater: Average annual rainfall of 1,940 mm and a total
volume of 640 billion m3/year
Figure 2. Average Monthly Rainfall and
Temperature for Vietnam from 1901 – 2015
(Source: worldbank.org)

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2. WATER RESOURCES IN VIETNAM
2.3. Surface water: 830 billion m3/year
2.4. Groundwater: 60 billion m3/year
a) River runoff per region (bil.m3/yr) b) Groundwater per region (bil.m3/yr)
c) Distribution of surface and groundwater

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2. WATER RESOURCES IN VIETNAM
2.5. Water utilization: Irrigation is the most water-intensive activity in
Vietnam. In the year 2000, total irrigation demand was 76.6 billion
m3, accounting for 84% of total demand.
2.6. Water limitation: Water resources will be depleted due to global
climate change. The total amount of surface water in 2025, 2070,
and 2100 will be roughly 96%, 91%, and 86% of today's volume.
2.7. Water-related impacts by climate change in Vietnam:
 Flood damage is predicted to be exacerbated by a 12-19%
increase in daily rainfall in some places by 2070
 Drought difficulties would worsen as a result of greater variability
in rainfall and evaporation (3% in coastal zones and 8% in inland
areas by 2070), which are exacerbated by rising temperatures.
 7 typhoons impact Vietnam's coast on average every year,
primarily in the central and northern provinces.
 Vietnam is one of the top two countries in the world most
affected by one-meter sea level rise.
Figure 4. The principal climatic
exposure hazards are distributed
geographically in Vietnam (UNDP, 2003)
Figure 5. Projected for 1m sea-level
rise (SLR) and salinity boundary in the
Mekong Delta in 2000

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10. 3. MAJOR PROJECTS ON WATER RESOURCES
MANAGEMENT
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3.1. Sustainable water resources management and development
in the Sesan, Sekong, and Srepok river basins (3S Basin)
(Cambodia, Viet Nam, Lao PDR)
Figure 6. Location of Mekong Delta
Joint Project (MRC, 2016)
1. Countries: Vietnam, Cambodia, Lao PDR
2. Cost: $2.5 million
3. Project commencement: 2016
4. Outcome: This collaborative project will improve coordinated
national planning for developing and managing water and related
resources in the 3S Basin, resulting in coordinated federal and
possibly joint investments in hydro-meteorological systems, flood
and drought forecasting, and related services transboundary
operational water management, and water resources development
infrastructure. The initiative will also help water resource
management agencies, relevant provincial agencies, and NMCs
improve their ability to manage transboundary water resources
and climate concerns.

11. 3. MAJOR PROJECTS ON WATER RESOURCES
MANAGEMENT
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3.2. Integrated flood managing in the border area of Viet Nam and
Cambodia in the Mekong Delta for sustainable development and
water security (Viet Nam, Cambodia)
Figure 6. Location of Mekong Delta
Joint Project (MRC, 2016)
1. Countries: Vietnam, Cambodia
2. Cost: $2.5 million
3. Project commencement: 2017
4. Outcome: This joint project will develop an integrated flood
management strategy for the Mekong Delta, including a phased
plan of investments and supporting activities, and prepare and
implement “no regret” investments and supporting measures in the
border area of Vietnam and Cambodia for flood diversion,
agricultural improvements, and other functions, as well as develop
an integrated flood management strategy for the Mekong Delta,
including a phased plan of investments and supporting activities.

12. 3. MAJOR PROJECTS ON WATER RESOURCES
MANAGEMENT
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3.2. National Science and Technology Program on Natural Disaster Prevention,
Environmental Protection and Rational Utilization of Natural Resources
Objective: To apply advanced technologies and methods to improve the quality
(accuracy, time) of forecasts and warning of some dangerous natural disasters that
occur frequently; working out solutions to prevent and mitigate damages caused by
these types of natural disasters
3.3. Water Resources Management in Red river basin: scientific basis for Flood Control in
the Red and Thai Binh River Delta
Objective: To determine the flood patterns and main factors causing floods in the
Red and Thai Binh River delta and develop a scientific basis for flood forecasting
and control.
3.4. Enhancing climate resilience through better water management.
Objective: To help the two cities, Bac Kan and Phu Ly cities, address these
problems, AFD and the Vietnamese Government have two projects that aim to
improve urban development and climate resilience.

13. 3. MAJOR PROJECTS ON WATER RESOURCES
MANAGEMENT
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3.5. Planned dams in Vietnam (From 2000 up to now)
Son La Hydropower Plant
- 3,600 MW capacity
- 177 m height
- 44,043 ha area
- 25 billion m3 volume
Dai Ninh Hydropower Plant
- 300 MW capacity
- 58 m height
- 2,112 ha area
- 319,77 million m3 volume
Dong Nai 3, 4 Hydropower Plant
- 250-268 MW capacity
- 90.5 m height
- 920-5,350 ha area
- 1.7 billion m3 volume
Sesan 4 Hydropower Plant
- 255 MW capacity
- 74 m height
- 11,450 ha area
- 264,16 million m3 volume

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15. 4. EFFORTS FOR INTEGRATED WATER
RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
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Sustainable socio-economic
development
Natural disaster prevention
and mitigation
Socialization in water resources
management
Effectively use the capacity and
potential of surface, groundwater
Investment and financial policy
Water resources planning according
to watershed

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4. EFFORTS FOR INTEGRATED WATER
RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
4.2. Institutional framework
Figure 20. Institutional framework of IWRM in Vietnam (Loan, 2012)
4.3. Implementation and achievement
• International water cooperation with many
other nations and international organizations
such as Norway, Australia, World Bank, Asian
Development Bank, and others participating
in Mekong River Commission; development
of water quality guidelines on Mekong River.
• Water resources have been the subject of
scientific and technical investigation.
• Investment in water resource management,
such as improving water quality in some
major rivers and applying technology to
manufacturing.
• People's involvement in the conservation of
water resources.

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4. EFFORTS FOR INTEGRATED WATER
RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
4.4. Assessment tools 4.5. Capacity building
Figure 21. Planning and decision support tools
(Jolk et al., 2010)
Figure 22. Capacity building in provinces of
the Mekong Delta

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19. 5. OTHER GLOBAL COOPERATIONS
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Project Objective and Summary of the Project
Ha Long City Water Environment
Improvement Project (2018)
Construct a sewer system in Ha Long City. Improve the sewerage treatment capacity
and public sanitation Preserve the water quality (JICA, 2015a)
Dong Nai Province Water Infrastructure
Construction Project (2017)
Build up water supply facilities along National Highway 51 in Dong Nai Province.
Improve the living environment for residents and promote industrial development,
including foreign investment. (JICA, 2015b)
Establishment of Waste Material
Circulation Sys. Based on Marine
Transportation in Ha Long Bay (2016)
To effectively and continuously operate the waste collection and transportation
system in Ha Long Bay. Progress employing transport using BDF. (JICA, 2015a)
Hue City Water Environment Improvement
Project (2008)
Enhance Hue City's sewage treatment capacity. Reduce flood damage. Contribute to
enhancing the city's sanitary environment and the water quality of the Huong River,
and the city's development. (JICA, 2008)
Len River Water Resources Development
Feasibility Study Project (2014)
This Contract includes a long-term water resources master plan for the whole
country. Plan for flood control and environmental preservation in the water basin.
Establishment of a long-term plan for the development of water resources (Overseas
Projects, 2014)
Buon-Ho waterworks construction (2010 ~
2013)
Irrigation and water development in the Buon Ho area of Vietnam, in conjunction with
increased water penetration. (Pdr & Nam, 2017)

20. THANK YOU
FOR YOUR ATTENTION