how toxicity spread through the animal origin,intrinsic factors

1. TOXICITY BY INTRINSIC TOXINS
(ANIMAL ORIGIN)
BY: UNS TARIQ SH

2. CONTENT :
• INTRODUCTION
• TOXICITY FROM HONEY
• TOXICITY FROM RAW EGGS
• TOXICITY FROM MILK
• TOXICITY FROM POULTRY

3. INTRODUCTION
• Man’s major supply of meat comes from seven main
sources; pig, cattle, buffalo, poultry, goat, lamb and
horse.
• In addition several wild animals and birds, reindeer,
camel, marine animals provide muscle food to meet
the human needs.
• Food of animal origin are held in high esteem due to
their valuable nutritional contents as well as their
social and cultural values.

4. • Those consuming a diet excessively high in protein
may experience increased calcium losses and undue
strain on regulatory mechanisms in such organs as
liver and kidney with possible ill-effects.
• Unlike plants animals do not contain any intrinsic
harmful chemicals.
• Any toxicity that results due to consumption of food
from animal origin is either due to animal feeding on
rations that contain toxic substances or extraneous
chemicals.

5. TOXICITY FROM HONEY
• Honey bees may gather some poisonous substances while
feeding on toxic plants and deposit them in the honey.
• These substances are toxic to humans, but may not have any
adverse effects on bees.
• Instances have been reported from various regions of world
where honey bees feeding on poisonous plants produced
honey toxic to humans.
• Honey produced from nectar of Rhododendron ponticum
contains alkaloids that are poisonous to humans.
• Honey from the nectar of Andromeda flowers contains
grayantoxins (mad honey intoxication or grayantoxin
poisoning) which can paralyse the limbs and results in death.

6. • Specific grayantoxins vary with plant species.
• Bee nectar collection from Datura plants, belladonna
flowers & oleander can result in toxic honey.
• The producers should ensure that bee do not feed
on toxic flora and toxic honey does not reach the
market.

7. TOXICITY FROM RAW EGGS
• Raw egg white contains avidin – which in the human
intestinal tract forms a stable complex with biotin
and renders.
• It biologically inactive and impairs metabolism of
other B- vitamins.
• Consumption of large quantities of raw eggs, 20 raw
eggs per day for several weeks can produce
symptoms associated with
• (fatigue, depression, nausea, dermatitis, muscular
pains)

8. • Avidin- being heat-labile, is destroyed by heat so
fried, poached and boiled eggs will not cause toxicity.
• Raw egg also contain a protein called “conalbumin”
which isolated and sequesters metallic contaminants
(iron and copper) in egg white.

9. TOXICITY FROM MILK
• Lactating cows feed on rations containing potentially
toxic substances, they tend to secrete them in the
milk.
• Cows feeding on kale and other cruciferous plants
secrete goitrogens in milk (responsible for
enlargement of thyroid)
• When cows feed on contaminated rations infected
with mould- aflatoxins find their way to milk

10. • Aflatoxins- carcinogenic in nature and result in cancer
in human beings.
• Pesticide residues and antibiotics are responsible for
toxicity to the consumer.

11. TOXICITY FROM POULTRY
• Broiler is a rapid and efficient converter of feed into
meat protein.
• Poultry feed- consist of cereals, legumes, salts,
vitamins, drugs as well as waste.
• Meat and bone meal including recycled poultry
waste containing droppings, skins, feathers, blood,
bones, intestines, egg shells etc are all used in
poultry rations.

12. • There are chances of accumulation of toxins in
poultry meat.
• Feed additives for poultry- includes antibiotics &
growth promoters also possess potential health
hazards