Climate change refers to long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns caused primarily by human activities like burning fossil fuels since the 1800s. Greenhouse gas emissions from sources like transportation, industry, agriculture, and landfills trap heat in the lower atmosphere, raising global temperatures. Effects of climate change include more extreme weather events as well as rising sea levels, melting glaciers, and threats to biodiversity and human health, safety, and livelihoods. While all nations must take action to reduce emissions and adapt to climate impacts, the largest emitting countries have a greater responsibility due to their outsized contributions to the problem.

1. Climate Change
and
Greenhouse Gases
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2. Climate change refers to long-term shifts in
temperatures and weather patterns.
Since the 1800s, human activities have been the main
driver of climate change due to burning fossil fuels like
coal, oil and gas.
Climate Change
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3. • Burning fossil fuels generate greenhouse gas (primarily
carbon dioxide and methane) emissions.
• These come from using gasoline for driving a car or coal for
heating a building.
• Clearing land and forests can also release carbon dioxide.
• Landfills for garbage are a major source of methane
emissions.
Sources of Greenhouse Gas Emissions
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4. Main emitters of greenhouse gases are companies from the
following sectors:
• Energy
• Industry
• Transport
• Buildings
• Agriculture and land use
Major Industrial Greenhouse Gas Emitters
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5. Greenhouse gas emissions act like a blanket wrapped
around the Earth, trapping the sun’s heat which is
reflected out from earth’s surface and raising
temperatures.
Greenhouse Gases & Rising Temperature
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6. More frequent and intense drought, catastrophic storms,
water scarcity, severe fires, heat waves, rising sea levels,
flooding, melting glaciers, warming oceans and declining
biodiversity.
Effects of Climate Change
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7. • Greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise.
• Current concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere
is 419 ppm.
• Our Earth is now about 1.1°C warmer than it was
in the late 1800s.
• The last decade (2011-2020) was the warmest on
record.
Rise in Greenhouse Gas Concentration
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8. Is climate change mainly means warmer temperatures?
• Increase in earth’s temperature is only tip of the glacier.
• The Earth is a system, where everything is connected.
• Changes in one area can influence changes in all others.
Everything is Connected
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9. Climate change can affect
• Our health
• Ability to grow food
• Housing
• Safety and
• Work
People & Climate Change
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10. The following people are more vulnerable to
climate impacts:
• People living in small island nations and
• People living in other developing
countries.
Climate Change & Vulnerability
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11. • The 100 least-emitting countries generate 3 per
cent of total emissions.
• The 10 countries with the largest emissions
contribute 68 per cent of total emissions.
Global Warming Facts
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12. Everyone must take climate action, but people
and countries creating more of the problem
have a greater responsibility to act first.
Common and Differential ACTION
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13. We also have global frameworks and agreements to
guide progress
• Sustainable Development Goals
• UN Framework Convention on Climate
Change
• Paris Agreement.
Towards Climate Change Solution
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14. Three broad categories of action are:
• Cutting emissions
• Adapting to climate impacts and
• Financing required adjustments
Towards Climate Change Solution
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