Blood supply to brain

1. Blood supply to Brain

2. Arterial Blood Supply
• Arterial blood supply of the brain
• Brain is supplied by
pairs of internal carotid artery and vetebral
artery.

5. Circle of Willis
• Consists of:
– anterior communicating, anterior cerebral,
internal carotid , posterior
communicating, and posterior cerebral
arteries.

7. Internal Carotid Artery
• Internal carotid artery: branch off from
common carotid artery, enters brain from
carotid canal, splits into middle and
anterior cerebral artery.

9. Branches from ICA
Before internal carotid artery splits into the
terminal branches(MCA AND ACA), it gives
off:
1) Hypophysial arteries: further splits into
– anterior hypophysial artery: supply
hypothalamus.
– posterior hypophysial artery: supply neural
lobe of the pituitary gland.

10. Branches from ICA
• 2). Ophthalmic artery: supply eyes,
paranasal sinuses and parts of the nose
• 3). Posterior communicating artery:
runs backward to join the posterior
cerebral artery
• 4). Anterior choroidal artery: supplies
choroid plexus of temporal horn of lateral
ventricles and other areas including optic
tract, uncus, hippocampus, lateral
geniculate nucleus, etc.

12. Terminal Branches
• Middle Cerebral Artery:
– bigger branch of the two terminal branches
– It branches off frontal, parietal, and temporal
branches supplying primary motor and premotor
cortex, frontal eye field, primary somatosensary area.
– Left middle cerebral artery supplies speech
center. (temporal lobe)

13. • Anterior Cerebral Artery:
– meets together to form anterior communicating artery
-- Before they join, it also gives off also called medial
straite artery, supplies corpus striatum. (Basal
ganglia)

14. Vertebrobasilar system
• Vertebral artery, branch from the subclavian
artery, joins together to form the basilar artery.
The latter artery splits into posterior cerebral
arteries.

15. Vertebrobasilar system
• Branches off the vertebral artery
1. spinal artery: anterior spinal artery: one
formed by branches from each vertebral
artery
2. posterior spinal artery: one on each side
3 . posterior inferior cerebellar artery
(PICA) largest branch off vertebral artery,
supplies cerebellar hemisphere, inferior
vermis, etc.

16. Basilar artery
• Branches off basilar artery
• 1. anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA)
supplies inferior surface of the cerebellum
2. labyrinthine artery supplies the membranous
labyrinth of the internal ear
3. Pontine arteries supply pons and pontine
tegmentum
4. superior cerebellar artery supplies pons,
superior cerebellar peduncle, and inferior
colliculus, etc.

18. Basilar artery
• Occlusion of basilar artery: basilar
artery: coma, die soon, loss control of
respiration center
• labyrinthine artery: deafness, vestibular
dysfunction (vertigo, fall)

19. Posterior cerebral artery
• Posterior cerebral artery gives off
– 1. Posterior medial central artery
– 2. temporal artery: temporal lobe
– 3. calcarine artery: supplies primary and
association cortex for vision
– 4. parietooccipital branches: parietal and
occipital lobes
– 5. posterior choroidal artery: choroid plexus
located at central part of the lateral ventricle,
third ventricle, etc.