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- 1. BLOOD SUPPLY OF BRAIN 1. CIRCLE OF WILLIS 2. VENOUS DRAINAGE OF BRAIN
- 2. The brain has a particularly high oxygen demand – at rest it represents one fifth of the body’s total oxygen consumption. It is also very sensitive to oxygen deprivation, with ischemic cell death resulting within minutes.
- 3. ARTERIAL SUPPLY OF BRAIN There are two paired arteries which are responsible for the blood supply to the brain: the vertebral arteries and The internal carotid arteries.
- 5. Vertebral arteries branches Meningeal branch – supplies the falx cerebelli, a sheet of dura mater. Anterior and posterior spinal arteries – supplies the spinal cord, spanning its entire length. Posterior inferior cerebellar artery – supplies the cerebellum. The two vertebral arteries converge to form the basilar artery.
- 6. Basilar artery branches supplies the cerebellum and pons Terminates by bifurcating into the posterior cerebral arteries
- 8. INTERNAL CAROTID ARTERIES BRANCHES Ophthalmic artery – supplies the structures of the orbit. Posterior communicating artery – acts as an anastomotic ‘connecting vessel’ in the Circle of Willis Anterior choroidal artery – supplies structures in the brain important for motor control and vision. Anterior cerebral artery – supplies part of the cerebrum. The internal carotids then continue as the middle cerebral artery
- 9. CIRCLE OF WILLIS The terminal branches of the vertebral and internal carotid arteries all anastomose to form a circular blood vessel, called the Circle of Willis. Three main (paired) constituents of the Circle of Willis: Anterior cerebral arteries Internal carotid arteries Posterior cerebral arteries
- 10. 2 connecting vessels: Anterior communicating artery Posterior communicating artery
- 11. Regional blood supply to cerebrum
- 12. VENOUS DRAINAGE OF BRAIN
- 13. Venous drainage of the brain and coverings includes veins of the brain itself includes Dural venous sinuses, Dura's meningeal veins and diploic veins. Eventually cerebral veins drains into internal jugular vein. Cerebral veins contain no valves DURAL VENOUS SINUSES: Superior sagittal sinus Inferior sagittal sinus Straight sinus Confluence of sinuses Transverse sinus Sigmoid sinus
- 14. Superficial cerebral veins: Drains blood from cortex and subcortical medullary substance and empty into adjacent sinuses of duramater. Deep cerebral veins: Drains deeper parts of hemisphere ( basal nuclei, internal capsule, diencephalon and choroid plexus) ultimately from great cerebral vein which enters straight sinus.