Mental Health Burden in Latin America and Proposed Solutions
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A well-known consultant in the field of geriatric psychiatry, Dr. Robert Kohn owns and manages his own private practice in Providence, Rhode Island, where he concentrates on the psychopharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatment of geriatric patients. Additionally, Dr. Robert Kohn performs widely acknowledged geriatric psychiatry and worldwide mental health studies. Latin American countries have spent less on mental health treatment than other regions with similar GDP levels. This can be attributed to a low percentage of health funds dedicated to mental health, the absence of legislation protecting the human rights of people who suffer from mental illnesses, and the persistence of ineffective but expensive hospital care systems. These factors have continued to obstruct mental care, expanding the global burden of mental disease. Another significant contributor to low rates of mental care is the fact that some families believe that a mental illness that affects one or more members will go away on its own or that the individual can fix it; a problem that can be linked to a lack of mental health literacy. Financial constraints, lack of faith in the healthcare system, and stigma are some other key contributors to the burden. The Regional Office of the World Health of the Pan American Health Organization offers several recommendations areas that might help close the treatment gap among the population. These include the creation and implementation of governmental policy on mental health, supporting the development and dissemination of mental health information, and the promotion of mental health initiatives, particularly those focusing on children's psychosocial development.
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Chapter 28Mental Health Copyright © 2020 by Elsevier, In
Chapter 28
Mental Health
Copyright © 2020 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Mental Health
Mental health is not different in later life, but the level of challenge may be greater
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Mental Health
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Stress and Coping in Late Life
Copyright © 2020 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Stress and stressors
The experience of stress is an internal state accompanying threats to self
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Mental Health
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Mental Health
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Globally, 5%-7% of older adults experience depression, 3.8% experience anxiety and approximately 1% have substance use issues
Copyright © 2020 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Many individuals in the baby boomer generation have experienced mental health consequences from military conflict, and the 20th century drug culture will add to the burden of psychiatric illness in the future
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Copyright © 2020 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Stress can result in worsening of already present chronic health conditions like CV disease and dementia
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Mental health conditions have effects regardless of race, color, gender, or identity. Anyone can experience the challenges of mental illness regardless of their background. Although we are similar, your experiences and how you understand and deal with these conditions may be different. Anyone can develop a mental health problem, but African Americans sometimes experience more severe forms of mental health conditions because of limited resources and other barriers. African Americans are twenty percent more likely to have severe psychological distress than Whites are. Also, African Americans and other minority communities are more likely to have similar experiences, such as barriers from health, educational, social, and economic resources because of cultural and societal factors. These may contribute to worse mental health outcomes. More than half of the people in the United States are being recognized with a mental illness in their lifetime; however, now not everybody will acquire the assistance they need. Even though mental illness is common and might affect everyone, there is still a stigma attached. This stigma creates shame in seeking help, especially in the African American community. The understanding of mental illnesses has come a far way from where it used to be, but improvements have to make. Mental illnesses should not be viewed any differently from physical diseases. I believe the two are very similar. When the mind is ill, it is not just the brain, but it has effects on the whole body and health overall. Substance abuse, self-damage, and suicide are widespread and dangerous in people with mental illness. The stigma connected to mental illness stops people from getting the assistance they need and causes them to cover their pain. Clinically trained social workers are the nation’s largest group of mental health service providers. (Staff, 2016). This is important to social work because social workers push the conversation of mental health forward. Many social workers in the field are first responders to most mental health claims. Also, the stigma of mental illness in the african american community has to change and social workers can be the driving force of a new outlook of mental health. To navigate towards a better views on mental health it is important to understand how we got to this point. Though this text it will discuss the following, what is mental illness, historical information of mental health in the African American community, barriers to mental health in the African American community, also the perspective African Americas have on mental health.
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ADVANCED NURSING RESEARCH
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ADVANCED NURSING RESEARCH 2
Evidence Based Practice Grant Proposal
Table of Contents
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Grant Proposal-Assessing the role of stigma towards mental health patients in help seeking
Study problem
There are several studies that have shown that stigmatization towards mental health patients have been present throughout history and even despite the evolution in modern medicine and advanced treatment. For example, Verhaeghe et al., (2014), captures in a publication in reference to a study that he conducted that stigmatization towards mental health patients has been there even as early is in the 18th Century. People were hesitant to interact with people termed or perceived to have mental health conditions.
Stigmatization has resulted from the belief that those with mental problem are aggressive and dangerous creating a social distance (Szeto et al., 2017). Also, mental health-related stigma has become of major concern as it creates crucial barriers to access treatment and quality care since it not only influences the behaviour of the patients but also the attitude of the providers hence impacting help-seeking. Timmermann, Uhrenfeldt and Birkelund (2014), have identified stigma as a barrier that is of significance to care or help seeking while the extent to which it still remains a barrier have not been reviewed deeply. Therefore, this study will assess the role contributed by stigma in help seeking in depth. 1. Purpose
The intention of the research study is to review the association between stigma, mental illness and help seeking in order to formulate ways in which the stigma that is around mental health is done away with to enable as many people suffering from mental health complications to seek medical help.2. Background
Mental health is crucial in every stage of life. It is defined as the state of psychological well-being whereby the individual realizes a satisfactory integration instinctual drive acceptable to both oneself and his or her social setting (Ritchie & Roser, 2018). The status of mental health influences physical health, relationships, and most importantly day-to-day life. Mental health problems arise when there is a disruption in mental well-being.
The risk factors to mental health problems are not limited and therefore everyone is entitled to the problem irrespective of gender, economic status, and ethnic group. For example, data shows that in America one out of five individuals experience mental health problems annually; with mental disorders being recognized as the leading cause of disability not only in the United States but also globally (Ritchie & Roser, 2018). Mental health disorders are seen to be complex and of many forms such as anxiety, mood, and schizophren.
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Subjective Data (4 points): (Review History questions in power point and on page 534-535 of text.)
Objective Data (4 points):
Inspection: What is the shape and size of the abdomen? Any masses or pulsations upon inspection? Skin smooth? Striae, scars, lesions?
Auscultation: Bowel Sounds Present in all 4 quadrants? Hypoactive, Normoactive, etc. Any bruits upon auscultation?
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CHAPTER 15
15.1 INTRODUCTION
Although in some cases behavioral and psychiatric/mental are grouped under the same broad
category, behavioral health problems are generally effectively treated on an outpatient basis with
combination psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy (medications). Behavioral health professionals
are licensed by the state in which they reside to practice, and they collaborate on the management
of clients’ behavioral problems. These professionals include psychiatrists, psychologists,
psychiatric nurse practitioners, social workers, family counselors, and drug/alcohol and mental
health counselors (Parker, 2002). Such chronic problems as dementia and mental retardation are
considered psychiatric/mental problems rather than behavioral.
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defines health as, “a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, and not merely the
absence of disease and infirmity” (WHO, 2001b, p. 1). Mental health on the other hand is defined
as, “a state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the
normal stress of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his
or her community … it is determined by socioeconomic and environmental factors and it is linked
to behavior” (WHO, 2001a, p. 1; WHO 2010, p. 1). For example, people are generally resilient
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Data Transcription 21. Research question What are barriers to
Data Transcription 2
1. Research question
What are barriers to mental healthcare access experienced by West and Central African immigrants in the United States?
2. History of the participant
I: Mr. Phineas tell what part of West/Central Africa you are from, Gender, Interaction with other people and Interaction with the healthcare system
R: I am from Zimbabwe; I am a male gender. I used to go to the hospital for my mental health, but I have not been there for some time now due to language barrier. I felt like people did not understand me.
I: What are the lived experience as a person with mental health disorders or knows someone who does?
R: It was very rough at the beginning. As I said before, I felt like people did not understand me and that was frustrating.
I: Any problems one can define as a culturally based stigma?
R: Yes, cultural stigma is huge. People are afraid to even say they have a mental illness. And when the providers start moving you around rom one counselor to another, it affected my pride.
I: How do you define of mental illnesses?
R: People losing their minds or experiencing psychosis.
I: What are examples that qualify to be mental health illnesses
R: Psychotic behaviors, depression
I: How challenging is it to access medical help?
R: The cost and language barrier
I: How has been the experience when seeking help?
R; Language barrier has been a problem. Cultural beliefs
I: Are there any barriers? Which ones
R: Stigma people afraid to open up, cost, language
3. Current feeling
I: What are your feelings regarding past experiences?
R: Back home was even worse. We hardly talk about our mental health. We do not even have mental health setup. Most people with psychotic disorders are seen to be under some form of spell or witchcraft. It was a taboo.
I: If the same experience happened today, what would be your response
R: Education and interacting with other people have helped me gained some awareness and coping skills.
4. Barriers to access to mental health services among African immigrants
I: Why is it challenging to access mental health services?
R: Cost, stigma, language
I: How does cultural stigma occur for African immigrants when seeking help?
R: People do not want family to know they are struggling mentally. They want to look strong. It is a cultural thing to be strong.
I: What are your experiences with mental health providers or hospitals?
R: it has been very difficult to explain myself to them.
I: How has it been living as a West or Central African immigrant?
R: It has been great living here and being able to support my family back home and having the opportunity to get ahead in life.
I: How did you discover you had developed mental illnesses?
R: I was not able to sleep at night and I was very tried and angry.
I: What efforts have you made to ensure you get mental health-related services? Were they successful?
R: Understanding me and not judging me was very challenging and I had to keep changing counselors and sharing my i ...
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A Critical Look at Clinical Psychology
The DSM
“Patchwork of scientific data, cultural values, political compromises, and the material for making insurance claims”
The 1980 edition revision tried to mimic a biomedicine style
In Psychiatric diagnosis, etiology is rarely known
Reliability remains a big problem
The 1980 edition began to define conditions by listing symptoms. Revision was an effort to portray psychiatry as a branch of medicine which would boost credibility of the field and ensure financial viability. However in biomedicine, diagnosis are based on etiology > that is causes rather than symptoms. And they would then test for various causes of said symptoms. In psychiatric diagnosis, etiology, is rarely known. Ex. Schizophrenia (combination of things). Reliability remains a big problem with the DSM. Just because not every clinician may give the same individual the same diagnosis. -> could be due to cultural values, ethnicity or socioeconomic status.
Homosexuality
Multiple theories that classified homosexuality as a disease
Psychiatrist and psychoanalyst Edmund Bergler infamously wrote in a book for general audiences, “I have no bias against homosexuals; for me they are sick people requiring medical help... Still, though I have no bias, I would say: Homosexuals are essentially disagreeable people, regardless of their pleasant or unpleasant outward manner... [their] shell is a mixture of superciliousness, fake aggression, and whimpering. Like all psychic masochists, they are subservient when confronted with a stronger person, merciless when in power, unscrupulous about trampling on a weaker person”
On December 15, 1973, the Board of Directors of the APA declassified homosexuality per se as a mental disorder from the DSM-II
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Political Economy of Clinical Psychology
1980’s revision involved “medicalization”
Adoption of the language of medicine. Including terms like: disease, symptoms, patient, syndrome, relapse, diagnosis and prognosis.
Introduction of managed care
Intrusion of pharmaceutical companies
Conflict of interest between pharmaceutical companies and psychiatrists
Drastic cuts in funds for mental health care
The 1980 revision of the DSM involved medicalization. Meaning they adopted the language of medicine to understand and describe psychological suffering. This language would include disease, symptoms, patient, syndrome, relapse, diagnosis and prognosis.So now that the field of psychiatry identified itself as a “medical” specialty, the research efforts concentrated on searching for biological bases of suffering and pharmaceutical treatments. Politica.
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Chris Boodram presented on the mental wellness of gay, bi, and two-spirit men and its impact on HIV vulnerability and resilience. The presentation outlined PHAC's population-specific HIV/AIDS status reports, including the scope and methodology used. It reviewed evidence that gay, bi, and two-spirit men experience poorer mental health outcomes and higher rates of depression, anxiety, and suicide due to internalized and systemic homophobia. Studies also link experiences of harassment and discrimination with increased HIV risk behaviors among gay and bi youth. The literature recommends addressing systemic heterosexism to improve mental wellness and reduce HIV vulnerability across this population.
world mental health day 2011
Mental illnesses are highly prevalent worldwide but most countries allocate less than 2% of their health budgets to mental health. Effective and low-cost treatments are available but there is a treatment gap of over 75% in many low- and middle-income countries. Investing in mental health is important for several reasons: the burden of mental illness is huge and costs societies enormous amounts, mental health is essential for economic development, and some interventions have been shown to be highly cost-effective "best buys" that can reduce future health costs. Without adequate investment in mental health services and supports, individuals and societies cannot reach their full potential.
What works for some doesn’t necessarily work for everyone
This document discusses dual diagnosis patients who have both a substance abuse disorder and a mental health disorder. It hypothesizes that 12-step programs may be more effective for those whose primary diagnosis is substance abuse, as the meetings provide fellowship. For those whose primary diagnosis is a mental disorder, medication and cognitive behavioral therapy may help reduce urges to use substances by treating the underlying chemical imbalances and teaching coping skills. The document also discusses different models for understanding addiction, including biological, psychological, and social factors. It emphasizes the need to treat both the substance abuse and mental health components of dual diagnosis.
IntroductionMental health conditions have effects regardless of .docx
Introduction
Mental health conditions have effects regardless of race, color, gender, or identity. Anyone can experience the challenges of mental illness regardless of their background. Although we are similar, your experiences and how you understand and deal with these conditions may be different. Anyone can develop a mental health problem, but African Americans sometimes experience more severe forms of mental health conditions because of limited resources and other barriers. African Americans are twenty percent more likely to have severe psychological distress than Whites are. Also, African Americans and other minority communities are more likely to have similar experiences, such as barriers from health, educational, social, and economic resources because of cultural and societal factors. These may contribute to worse mental health outcomes. More than half of the people in the United States are being recognized with a mental illness in their lifetime; however, now not everybody will acquire the assistance they need. Even though mental illness is common and might affect everyone, there is still a stigma attached. This stigma creates shame in seeking help, especially in the African American community. The understanding of mental illnesses has come a far way from where it used to be, but improvements have to make. Mental illnesses should not be viewed any differently from physical diseases. I believe the two are very similar. When the mind is ill, it is not just the brain, but it has effects on the whole body and health overall. Substance abuse, self-damage, and suicide are widespread and dangerous in people with mental illness. The stigma connected to mental illness stops people from getting the assistance they need and causes them to cover their pain. Clinically trained social workers are the nation’s largest group of mental health service providers. (Staff, 2016). This is important to social work because social workers push the conversation of mental health forward. Many social workers in the field are first responders to most mental health claims. Also, the stigma of mental illness in the african american community has to change and social workers can be the driving force of a new outlook of mental health. To navigate towards a better views on mental health it is important to understand how we got to this point. Though this text it will discuss the following, what is mental illness, historical information of mental health in the African American community, barriers to mental health in the African American community, also the perspective African Americas have on mental health.
Literature Review
WHAT IS MENTAL ILLNESS
Mental illness is a general term referring to all mental health conditions that involve changes in emotions, thinking, interaction with other people, and behavior in a person. The changes can be caused by different factors, such as genetics, daily habits, environment, biology, and life experiences (McNally, (2011).). Mental i ...
2011 world mental health day document
This document discusses investing in mental health. It argues that investing in mental health makes economic sense for several reasons: the burden of mental illness is huge and costs societies enormous amounts in healthcare and lost productivity; mental health is essential for economic development; and some mental health interventions are highly cost-effective "best buys." It also notes that without proper mental health interventions, costs will continue to rise over time. The document provides information on current low levels of funding for mental health globally and argues for increased investment, focusing on priority actions identified by the WHO as affordable and effective.
Final whitepaper (2) 12 14-09
1. The document discusses integrated health care and mental health parity. It summarizes a report from the Kent County Mental Health Parity Discussion Group on implementing mental health parity.
2. The group advocates for comprehensive health care reform that treats physical and mental health equally through parity. Parity recognizes the connection between mental and physical health and the need for holistic treatment.
3. The report outlines the benefits employers and communities have seen from other states that have implemented parity, such as reduced absenteeism and higher productivity. It calls on stakeholders in Michigan to support parity.
Harnessing technology-to-address-the-global-mental-health-crisis
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Integrating Treatment for Co-Occurring Disorders
This document discusses co-occurring disorders (COD), which are when a person has both a substance use disorder and a mental health disorder. Some key points:
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- Common mental health disorders that co-occur with substance use disorders include mood disorders like depression and bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, and personality disorders.
- Integrated treatment that addresses both disorders simultaneously tends to be more effective than treating them separately. Screening and assessment tools can help identify CODs.
Integrated treatmentforco occuringdisordersjaypiland
This document discusses co-occurring disorders (COD), which are when a person has both a substance use disorder and a mental health disorder. Some key points:
- Around 50-75% of people receiving treatment for a substance use disorder also have at least one mental health disorder. Around 25-50% of people with a mental health disorder also have a substance use disorder.
- Common mental health disorders that co-occur with substance use disorders include mood disorders like depression and bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, and personality disorders.
- Integrated treatment that addresses both disorders simultaneously tends to be more effective than treating them separately. Screening and assessment tools can help identify CODs.
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This document discusses mental health and counseling in the Philippines. It begins by defining mental health and noting that maintaining mental health involves daily activities, relationships, and coping with stress and change. It then provides definitions of mental health from medical sources.
The document notes that mental health has received little attention from the Philippine government. Only 5% of healthcare spending is on mental health and there are very few psychiatrists and hospital beds. Mental illness is common but also stigmatized in the country. The top barriers to seeking help are financial constraints, self-stigma, and social stigma.
The passage discusses counseling in the Philippines and notes it has been influenced by multiple disciplines and acknowledges the societal context. It emphasizes
ADVANCED NURSING RESEARCH 1 .docx
ADVANCED NURSING RESEARCH
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ADVANCED NURSING RESEARCH 2
Evidence Based Practice Grant Proposal
Table of Contents
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Grant Proposal-Assessing the role of stigma towards mental health patients in help seeking
Study problem
There are several studies that have shown that stigmatization towards mental health patients have been present throughout history and even despite the evolution in modern medicine and advanced treatment. For example, Verhaeghe et al., (2014), captures in a publication in reference to a study that he conducted that stigmatization towards mental health patients has been there even as early is in the 18th Century. People were hesitant to interact with people termed or perceived to have mental health conditions.
Stigmatization has resulted from the belief that those with mental problem are aggressive and dangerous creating a social distance (Szeto et al., 2017). Also, mental health-related stigma has become of major concern as it creates crucial barriers to access treatment and quality care since it not only influences the behaviour of the patients but also the attitude of the providers hence impacting help-seeking. Timmermann, Uhrenfeldt and Birkelund (2014), have identified stigma as a barrier that is of significance to care or help seeking while the extent to which it still remains a barrier have not been reviewed deeply. Therefore, this study will assess the role contributed by stigma in help seeking in depth. 1. Purpose
The intention of the research study is to review the association between stigma, mental illness and help seeking in order to formulate ways in which the stigma that is around mental health is done away with to enable as many people suffering from mental health complications to seek medical help.2. Background
Mental health is crucial in every stage of life. It is defined as the state of psychological well-being whereby the individual realizes a satisfactory integration instinctual drive acceptable to both oneself and his or her social setting (Ritchie & Roser, 2018). The status of mental health influences physical health, relationships, and most importantly day-to-day life. Mental health problems arise when there is a disruption in mental well-being.
The risk factors to mental health problems are not limited and therefore everyone is entitled to the problem irrespective of gender, economic status, and ethnic group. For example, data shows that in America one out of five individuals experience mental health problems annually; with mental disorders being recognized as the leading cause of disability not only in the United States but also globally (Ritchie & Roser, 2018). Mental health disorders are seen to be complex and of many forms such as anxiety, mood, and schizophren.
concept of mental health
Mental Health and it's concept, Mental health problem, Determinant of mental health, Misconception on mental health, personality disorder
Chapter Community Mental Health.docx
Jamal, a middle school student, comes to the nurse's office with a headache. The nurse notices Jamal has been crying and his eyes are red. A teacher then calls to inform the nurse that Jamal sent a message to a female student saying he failed a test and wished he was dead. Community mental health aims to provide early intervention and treatment for mental illnesses through community-based services. Public health initiatives to educate communities can help reduce high-risk behaviors like suicide.
Clients Presentation Your client can make up whatever they want.
Clients Presentation: Your client can make up whatever they want. They can be as dramatic as they want to be. Have fun with it!
Subjective Data (4 points): (Review History questions in power point and on page 534-535 of text.)
Objective Data (4 points):
Inspection: What is the shape and size of the abdomen? Any masses or pulsations upon inspection? Skin smooth? Striae, scars, lesions?
Auscultation: Bowel Sounds Present in all 4 quadrants? Hypoactive, Normoactive, etc. Any bruits upon auscultation?
Percussion: Tympany in all 4 quadrants?
Palpation: Abdomen soft, firm? Any enlarged organs? Masses? Tenderness?
Any other objective data you found important to document?
Describe 2 Actual/Potential Risk Factors (2 points):
CHAPTER 15
15.1 INTRODUCTION
Although in some cases behavioral and psychiatric/mental are grouped under the same broad
category, behavioral health problems are generally effectively treated on an outpatient basis with
combination psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy (medications). Behavioral health professionals
are licensed by the state in which they reside to practice, and they collaborate on the management
of clients’ behavioral problems. These professionals include psychiatrists, psychologists,
psychiatric nurse practitioners, social workers, family counselors, and drug/alcohol and mental
health counselors (Parker, 2002). Such chronic problems as dementia and mental retardation are
considered psychiatric/mental problems rather than behavioral.
There is a distinct interconnectedness between mental health and health in general. The WHO
defines health as, “a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, and not merely the
absence of disease and infirmity” (WHO, 2001b, p. 1). Mental health on the other hand is defined
as, “a state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her own abilities, can cope with the
normal stress of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to his
or her community … it is determined by socioeconomic and environmental factors and it is linked
to behavior” (WHO, 2001a, p. 1; WHO 2010, p. 1). For example, people are generally resilient
enough ...
02_Community Mental Health.ppt
This document provides an overview of community mental health. It discusses the magnitude of mental illness worldwide and classifications of disorders like psychoneurosis, psychosis, addictions and mental retardation. The etiology and risk factors of mental illness are explained. Prevention and control of mental illness involves primary prevention through reducing risks and promoting protective factors. Integration of mental health services into primary healthcare is discussed as being affordable and improving outcomes. The status of mental health facilities and services available in KSA is summarized.
Data Transcription 21. Research question What are barriers to
Data Transcription 2
1. Research question
What are barriers to mental healthcare access experienced by West and Central African immigrants in the United States?
2. History of the participant
I: Mr. Phineas tell what part of West/Central Africa you are from, Gender, Interaction with other people and Interaction with the healthcare system
R: I am from Zimbabwe; I am a male gender. I used to go to the hospital for my mental health, but I have not been there for some time now due to language barrier. I felt like people did not understand me.
I: What are the lived experience as a person with mental health disorders or knows someone who does?
R: It was very rough at the beginning. As I said before, I felt like people did not understand me and that was frustrating.
I: Any problems one can define as a culturally based stigma?
R: Yes, cultural stigma is huge. People are afraid to even say they have a mental illness. And when the providers start moving you around rom one counselor to another, it affected my pride.
I: How do you define of mental illnesses?
R: People losing their minds or experiencing psychosis.
I: What are examples that qualify to be mental health illnesses
R: Psychotic behaviors, depression
I: How challenging is it to access medical help?
R: The cost and language barrier
I: How has been the experience when seeking help?
R; Language barrier has been a problem. Cultural beliefs
I: Are there any barriers? Which ones
R: Stigma people afraid to open up, cost, language
3. Current feeling
I: What are your feelings regarding past experiences?
R: Back home was even worse. We hardly talk about our mental health. We do not even have mental health setup. Most people with psychotic disorders are seen to be under some form of spell or witchcraft. It was a taboo.
I: If the same experience happened today, what would be your response
R: Education and interacting with other people have helped me gained some awareness and coping skills.
4. Barriers to access to mental health services among African immigrants
I: Why is it challenging to access mental health services?
R: Cost, stigma, language
I: How does cultural stigma occur for African immigrants when seeking help?
R: People do not want family to know they are struggling mentally. They want to look strong. It is a cultural thing to be strong.
I: What are your experiences with mental health providers or hospitals?
R: it has been very difficult to explain myself to them.
I: How has it been living as a West or Central African immigrant?
R: It has been great living here and being able to support my family back home and having the opportunity to get ahead in life.
I: How did you discover you had developed mental illnesses?
R: I was not able to sleep at night and I was very tried and angry.
I: What efforts have you made to ensure you get mental health-related services? Were they successful?
R: Understanding me and not judging me was very challenging and I had to keep changing counselors and sharing my i ...
Latinos and depression presentation 12 (2)
This document examines mental illness statistics with an emphasis on depression in the Latino population in the US. It discusses that depression rates are higher in Latinos than other ethnic groups. Cultural factors like familismo and traditional gender roles influence the experience and expression of depression in Latinos. Barriers like poverty, language difficulties, and lack of access to care contribute to low treatment rates. The document recommends culturally-appropriate community interventions and treatments to improve mental health services for vulnerable Latino populations.
Mental illness. curbing the next pandemic
The article is an Insight Paper on Mental Health, a lingering issue magnified by Covid-19 pandemic. Written for Health Ethics, MBA-H Ateneo Graduate School Business.
A Critical Look at Clinical PsychologyThe .docx
A Critical Look at Clinical Psychology
The DSM
“Patchwork of scientific data, cultural values, political compromises, and the material for making insurance claims”
The 1980 edition revision tried to mimic a biomedicine style
In Psychiatric diagnosis, etiology is rarely known
Reliability remains a big problem
The 1980 edition began to define conditions by listing symptoms. Revision was an effort to portray psychiatry as a branch of medicine which would boost credibility of the field and ensure financial viability. However in biomedicine, diagnosis are based on etiology > that is causes rather than symptoms. And they would then test for various causes of said symptoms. In psychiatric diagnosis, etiology, is rarely known. Ex. Schizophrenia (combination of things). Reliability remains a big problem with the DSM. Just because not every clinician may give the same individual the same diagnosis. -> could be due to cultural values, ethnicity or socioeconomic status.
Homosexuality
Multiple theories that classified homosexuality as a disease
Psychiatrist and psychoanalyst Edmund Bergler infamously wrote in a book for general audiences, “I have no bias against homosexuals; for me they are sick people requiring medical help... Still, though I have no bias, I would say: Homosexuals are essentially disagreeable people, regardless of their pleasant or unpleasant outward manner... [their] shell is a mixture of superciliousness, fake aggression, and whimpering. Like all psychic masochists, they are subservient when confronted with a stronger person, merciless when in power, unscrupulous about trampling on a weaker person”
On December 15, 1973, the Board of Directors of the APA declassified homosexuality per se as a mental disorder from the DSM-II
Judgements of Normality depend on social norms, cultural standards and local customs. Grief is another example. Talk about different cultures
Commercial for Cymbalta
Questions to ask after Video:
What are some things that you noticed within the video?
What are the explicit ideas expressed in this video?
What’s the overall message?
Political Economy of Clinical Psychology
1980’s revision involved “medicalization”
Adoption of the language of medicine. Including terms like: disease, symptoms, patient, syndrome, relapse, diagnosis and prognosis.
Introduction of managed care
Intrusion of pharmaceutical companies
Conflict of interest between pharmaceutical companies and psychiatrists
Drastic cuts in funds for mental health care
The 1980 revision of the DSM involved medicalization. Meaning they adopted the language of medicine to understand and describe psychological suffering. This language would include disease, symptoms, patient, syndrome, relapse, diagnosis and prognosis.So now that the field of psychiatry identified itself as a “medical” specialty, the research efforts concentrated on searching for biological bases of suffering and pharmaceutical treatments. Politica.
PBH.715 Week 12 Lecture
This lecture discusses mental health and illness from a public health perspective. It is estimated that 25% of Americans have a mental illness at any given time, with 6% having a serious mental illness. Mental health issues are influenced by factors at multiple levels, including intrapersonal, interpersonal, organizational, community, and societal. Prevention and treatment efforts need to address influences at all of these levels to most effectively address mental health as a public health issue.
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This slide is very helpful for physiotherapy students and also for other medical and healthcare students.
Here is the summary of hypotension:
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原版定制【微信:bwp0011】《(uofm毕业证书)美国密歇根大学毕业证学位证书》【微信:bwp0011】成绩单 、雅思、外壳、留信学历认证永久存档查询，采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
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一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信bwp0011】文凭即可
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留信网认证的作用:
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6:个人职称评审加20分
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Empyema is a disease of respiratory system It is defines as the accumulation of thick, purulent fluid within the pleural space, often with fibrin development.
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Mental Health Burden in Latin America and Proposed Solutions
- 1. Mental Health Burden in Latin America and Proposed Solutions Dr. Robert Kohn
- 2. Introduction A well-known consultant in the field of geriatric psychiatry, Dr. Robert Kohn owns and manages his own private practice in Providence, Rhode Island, where he concentrates on the psychopharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatment of geriatric patients. Additionally, Dr. Robert Kohn performs widely acknowledged geriatric psychiatry and worldwide mental health studies.
- 3. Latin American countries have spent less on mental health treatment than other regions with similar GDP levels. This can be attributed to a low percentage of health funds dedicated to mental health, the absence of legislation protecting the human rights of people who suffer from mental illnesses, and the persistence of ineffective but expensive hospital care systems. These factors have continued to obstruct mental care, expanding the global burden of mental disease.
- 4. Another significant contributor to low rates of mental care is the fact that some families believe that a mental illness that affects one or more members will go away on its own or that the individual can fix it; a problem that can be linked to a lack of mental health literacy. Financial constraints, lack of faith in the healthcare system, and stigma are some other key contributors to the burden.
- 5. The Regional Office of the World Health of the Pan American Health Organization offers several recommendations areas that might help close the treatment gap among the population. These include the creation and implementation of governmental policy on mental health, supporting the development and dissemination of mental health information, and the promotion of mental health initiatives, particularly those focusing on children's psychosocial development.