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pH measurement
By: Mohamed Shaltout
Phone : 01270000612
By Dr Mohamed Shaltout 01270000612
Nernst Equation
•
‫ال‬ ‫قياس‬
pH
‫هو‬
potentiometric measurement
‫معادلة‬ ‫القياس‬ ‫في‬ ‫يتبع‬
Nernst
By Dr Mohamed Shaltout 01270000612
Theoretical Slope
•
‫معادلة‬
Nernst
‫هي‬
‫معادلة‬
‫خطية‬
Y = a + b X
•
‫و‬
‫هي‬
‫تبين‬
‫العالقة‬
‫فيما‬
‫بين‬
potential E (mV), pH and temperature (K)
•
‫من‬
‫المعادلة‬
‫الخطبة‬
a
‫هي‬
‫ال‬
intercept (offset)
‫في‬
‫معادلة‬
Nernst
‫ال‬
offset
‫هو‬
E°(T)
‫ال‬
offset
‫او‬
‫ال‬
intercept
‫هي‬
pH 7
•
‫من‬
‫المعادلة‬
‫الخطية‬
‫الميل‬
slope
‫هو‬
b
‫في‬
‫معادلة‬
Nernst
‫ال‬
Slope
‫هو‬
•
‫بالتعويض‬
‫عن‬
‫القيم‬
‫الثابتة‬
‫ال‬
slope
‫يكافئ‬
By Dr Mohamed Shaltout 01270000612
Theoretical Slope
•
‫عند‬
25
‫ال‬ ‫مئوية‬ ‫درجة‬
slope
‫المثالي‬
(theoretical )
‫يكافئ‬
•
‫ال‬
slope
‫التالي‬ ‫الجدول‬ ‫في‬ ‫كما‬ ‫مختلفة‬ ‫حرارة‬ ‫درجات‬ ‫عند‬ ‫المثالي‬
By Dr Mohamed Shaltout 01270000612
Theoretical Slope
By Dr Mohamed Shaltout 01270000612
Measured Slope
‫ال‬ ‫لحساب‬
slope
‫عند‬ ‫المعايرة‬ ‫تمت‬ ‫لو‬ ‫الجهاز‬ ‫لمعايرة‬ ‫الفعلي‬
25
‫مئوية‬ ‫درجة‬
•
‫نقوم‬
‫بمعايرة‬
‫الجهاز‬
‫ب‬
buffers
2
‫بحيث‬
‫تقع‬
‫قياسات‬
‫العينات‬
‫الفعلية‬
‫فيما‬
‫بين‬
‫ال‬
buffers
2
‫و‬
‫ليكن‬
(pH 4.00 and pH 7.00)
•
‫نقوم‬
‫بتسجيل‬
‫الجهد‬
‫ال‬
potential (mv)
‫لكل‬
buffer
‫و‬
‫ليكن‬
‫للبفر‬
4.00
‫هو‬
mV
173
‫و‬
‫للبفر‬
7.00
‫هو‬
-3.1 mV
•
‫نطبق‬
‫في‬
‫المعادلة‬
‫التالية‬
•
‫يكون‬
‫الميل‬
slope
‫الفعلي‬
‫المحسوب‬
‫هو‬
•
‫الميل‬
‫في‬
‫األصل‬
‫كما‬
‫واضح‬
‫من‬
‫الرسم‬
‫و‬
‫المعادلة‬
‫هو‬
‫سالب‬
‫اإلشارة‬
•
‫لذا‬
‫تكون‬
‫القيمة‬
–
58.89
By Dr Mohamed Shaltout 01270000612
Measured Slope
•
‫الميل‬
‫المثالي‬
theoretical
‫كما‬
‫هو‬
‫مذكور‬
‫في‬
‫الجدول‬
‫عند‬
25
‫درجة‬
‫مئوية‬
‫هو‬
-59.16
‫و‬
‫الميل‬
‫الفعلي‬
calculated
‫هو‬
‫القيمة‬
-
58.89
•
‫بعض‬
‫األجهزة‬
‫تقوم‬
‫بحساب‬
‫ال‬
slope
‫كنسبة‬
‫مئوية‬
‫و‬
‫ليس‬
‫كقيمة‬
‫مطلقة‬
𝐒𝐥𝐨𝐩𝐞 % =
𝒄𝒂𝒍𝒄𝒖𝒍𝒂𝒕𝒆𝒅 𝑺𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒆
𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒐𝒓𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝒔𝒍𝒐𝒑𝒆
𝑿𝟏𝟎𝟎= 99.5%
By Dr Mohamed Shaltout 01270000612
Calibration Evaluation
‫ال‬ ‫جهاز‬ ‫معايرة‬ ‫تقييم‬
pH
•
‫ال‬ ‫لجهاز‬ ‫مصنعة‬ ‫شركة‬ ‫كل‬ ‫لمانول‬ ‫طبقا‬
pH
‫ال‬ ‫من‬ ‫كال‬ ‫تخص‬ ‫للمعايرة‬ ‫رفض‬ ‫و‬ ‫قبول‬ ‫حدود‬ ‫هناك‬
slope
‫ال‬ ‫و‬
offset
‫الجهاز‬ ‫معايرة‬ ‫عند‬ ‫الفعلي‬
‫التالية‬ ‫الحدود‬ ‫نتبع‬ ‫يوجد‬ ‫لم‬ ‫ان‬ ‫و‬
:
• Slope should be 58± 3 or from 93% : 103% as percentage
• Offset ( potential at pH 7) should be ± 30 mv
By Dr Mohamed Shaltout 01270000612
Automatic temperature compensation (ATC)
•
‫مما‬
‫سبق‬
‫كما‬
‫هو‬
‫واضح‬
‫من‬
‫معادلة‬
Nernst
‫درجة‬
‫الحرارة‬
‫معامل‬
‫مؤثر‬
‫في‬
‫قياس‬
‫ال‬
pH
‫لذا‬
‫يجب‬
‫ان‬
‫يتم‬
‫قياس‬
‫العينات‬
‫الفعلية‬
‫في‬
‫نفس‬
‫درجة‬
‫حرارة‬
‫ال‬
buffers
‫المستخدمة‬
‫في‬
‫المعايرة‬
•
‫لكن‬
‫ذلك‬
‫صعب‬
‫تطبيقه‬
‫على‬
‫ارض‬
‫الواقع‬
•
‫لذا‬
‫نلجاء‬
‫الى‬
‫التعويض‬
‫عن‬
‫درجة‬
‫الحرارة‬
Automatic temperature compensation
(ATC)
‫ذلك‬ ‫يتم‬ ‫فكيف‬
,,,,,,,
By Dr Mohamed Shaltout 01270000612
Automatic temperature compensation (ATC)
•
‫الميل‬
Slope
‫سوف‬
‫يتم‬
‫تعديله‬
‫الن‬
‫درجة‬
‫حرارة‬
‫العينات‬
‫الفعلية‬
‫اختلفت‬
‫عند‬
‫درجة‬
‫حرارة‬
‫ا‬
‫ل‬
buffers
‫التي‬
‫استخدمت‬
‫في‬
‫المعايرة‬
By Dr Mohamed Shaltout 01270000612
Automatic temperature compensation (ATC)
‫عملي‬ ‫مثال‬
•
‫عند‬
‫معايرة‬
‫جهاز‬
pH
‫باستخدام‬
2
‫بفر‬
4.00 and 7.00
‫عند‬
‫درجة‬
‫حرارة‬
24°C
‫كان‬
‫الميل‬
‫المحسوب‬
‫هو‬
slope (24°C) = 58,0
‫و‬
‫ال‬
offset = 0.0 mV
•
‫و‬
‫عند‬
‫قياس‬
‫العينات‬
‫الفعلية‬
‫كانت‬
‫درجة‬
‫حرارة‬
‫العينات‬
‫هي‬
10°C.
•
‫لعمل‬
Automatic temperature compensation (ATC)
‫نطبق‬
‫في‬
‫القانون‬
By Dr Mohamed Shaltout 01270000612
Automatic temperature compensation (ATC)
• Slope(10°C) = slope(24°C) * (10 + 273.15) / (24 + 273.15)
• Slope(10°C) = 58.0 * (283.15) / ( 297.15)
• Slope(10°C) = 55.28
•
‫لو‬
‫كان‬
‫قياس‬
‫الجهد‬
potential
‫للعينة‬
‫هو‬
100 mv
•
‫نعوض‬
‫في‬
‫معادلة‬
Nernst
By Dr Mohamed Shaltout 01270000612
Automatic temperature compensation (ATC)
pH = 7 – Sample potential (mv)/ Slope
•
‫قياس‬
‫ال‬
pH
‫للعينة‬
‫لو‬
‫لم‬
‫يكن‬
‫هناك‬
‫تعويض‬
‫عن‬
‫االختالف‬
‫في‬
‫درجة‬
‫الحرارة‬
‫بين‬
‫البفر‬
‫و‬
‫العينة‬
= 7 – (100 mV / 58.0) = pH 5.28 (not corrected)
•
‫قياس‬
‫ال‬
pH
‫للعينة‬
‫عندما‬
‫يكون‬
‫هناك‬
‫تعويض‬
‫عن‬
‫االختالف‬
‫في‬
‫درجة‬
‫الحرارة‬
‫بين‬
‫البفر‬
‫و‬
‫العينة‬
= 7 – (100 mV / 55.28 mV/pH) = pH 5.19 (corrected)
By Dr Mohamed Shaltout 01270000612
‫جزيال‬ ‫شكرا‬
By Dr Mohamed Shaltout 01270000612

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pH temperature compensation

  • 1. pH measurement By: Mohamed Shaltout Phone : 01270000612 By Dr Mohamed Shaltout 01270000612
  • 2. Nernst Equation • ‫ال‬ ‫قياس‬ pH ‫هو‬ potentiometric measurement ‫معادلة‬ ‫القياس‬ ‫في‬ ‫يتبع‬ Nernst By Dr Mohamed Shaltout 01270000612
  • 3. Theoretical Slope • ‫معادلة‬ Nernst ‫هي‬ ‫معادلة‬ ‫خطية‬ Y = a + b X • ‫و‬ ‫هي‬ ‫تبين‬ ‫العالقة‬ ‫فيما‬ ‫بين‬ potential E (mV), pH and temperature (K) • ‫من‬ ‫المعادلة‬ ‫الخطبة‬ a ‫هي‬ ‫ال‬ intercept (offset) ‫في‬ ‫معادلة‬ Nernst ‫ال‬ offset ‫هو‬ E°(T) ‫ال‬ offset ‫او‬ ‫ال‬ intercept ‫هي‬ pH 7 • ‫من‬ ‫المعادلة‬ ‫الخطية‬ ‫الميل‬ slope ‫هو‬ b ‫في‬ ‫معادلة‬ Nernst ‫ال‬ Slope ‫هو‬ • ‫بالتعويض‬ ‫عن‬ ‫القيم‬ ‫الثابتة‬ ‫ال‬ slope ‫يكافئ‬ By Dr Mohamed Shaltout 01270000612
  • 4. Theoretical Slope • ‫عند‬ 25 ‫ال‬ ‫مئوية‬ ‫درجة‬ slope ‫المثالي‬ (theoretical ) ‫يكافئ‬ • ‫ال‬ slope ‫التالي‬ ‫الجدول‬ ‫في‬ ‫كما‬ ‫مختلفة‬ ‫حرارة‬ ‫درجات‬ ‫عند‬ ‫المثالي‬ By Dr Mohamed Shaltout 01270000612
  • 5. Theoretical Slope By Dr Mohamed Shaltout 01270000612
  • 6. Measured Slope ‫ال‬ ‫لحساب‬ slope ‫عند‬ ‫المعايرة‬ ‫تمت‬ ‫لو‬ ‫الجهاز‬ ‫لمعايرة‬ ‫الفعلي‬ 25 ‫مئوية‬ ‫درجة‬ • ‫نقوم‬ ‫بمعايرة‬ ‫الجهاز‬ ‫ب‬ buffers 2 ‫بحيث‬ ‫تقع‬ ‫قياسات‬ ‫العينات‬ ‫الفعلية‬ ‫فيما‬ ‫بين‬ ‫ال‬ buffers 2 ‫و‬ ‫ليكن‬ (pH 4.00 and pH 7.00) • ‫نقوم‬ ‫بتسجيل‬ ‫الجهد‬ ‫ال‬ potential (mv) ‫لكل‬ buffer ‫و‬ ‫ليكن‬ ‫للبفر‬ 4.00 ‫هو‬ mV 173 ‫و‬ ‫للبفر‬ 7.00 ‫هو‬ -3.1 mV • ‫نطبق‬ ‫في‬ ‫المعادلة‬ ‫التالية‬ • ‫يكون‬ ‫الميل‬ slope ‫الفعلي‬ ‫المحسوب‬ ‫هو‬ • ‫الميل‬ ‫في‬ ‫األصل‬ ‫كما‬ ‫واضح‬ ‫من‬ ‫الرسم‬ ‫و‬ ‫المعادلة‬ ‫هو‬ ‫سالب‬ ‫اإلشارة‬ • ‫لذا‬ ‫تكون‬ ‫القيمة‬ – 58.89 By Dr Mohamed Shaltout 01270000612
  • 8. Calibration Evaluation ‫ال‬ ‫جهاز‬ ‫معايرة‬ ‫تقييم‬ pH • ‫ال‬ ‫لجهاز‬ ‫مصنعة‬ ‫شركة‬ ‫كل‬ ‫لمانول‬ ‫طبقا‬ pH ‫ال‬ ‫من‬ ‫كال‬ ‫تخص‬ ‫للمعايرة‬ ‫رفض‬ ‫و‬ ‫قبول‬ ‫حدود‬ ‫هناك‬ slope ‫ال‬ ‫و‬ offset ‫الجهاز‬ ‫معايرة‬ ‫عند‬ ‫الفعلي‬ ‫التالية‬ ‫الحدود‬ ‫نتبع‬ ‫يوجد‬ ‫لم‬ ‫ان‬ ‫و‬ : • Slope should be 58± 3 or from 93% : 103% as percentage • Offset ( potential at pH 7) should be ± 30 mv By Dr Mohamed Shaltout 01270000612
  • 9. Automatic temperature compensation (ATC) • ‫مما‬ ‫سبق‬ ‫كما‬ ‫هو‬ ‫واضح‬ ‫من‬ ‫معادلة‬ Nernst ‫درجة‬ ‫الحرارة‬ ‫معامل‬ ‫مؤثر‬ ‫في‬ ‫قياس‬ ‫ال‬ pH ‫لذا‬ ‫يجب‬ ‫ان‬ ‫يتم‬ ‫قياس‬ ‫العينات‬ ‫الفعلية‬ ‫في‬ ‫نفس‬ ‫درجة‬ ‫حرارة‬ ‫ال‬ buffers ‫المستخدمة‬ ‫في‬ ‫المعايرة‬ • ‫لكن‬ ‫ذلك‬ ‫صعب‬ ‫تطبيقه‬ ‫على‬ ‫ارض‬ ‫الواقع‬ • ‫لذا‬ ‫نلجاء‬ ‫الى‬ ‫التعويض‬ ‫عن‬ ‫درجة‬ ‫الحرارة‬ Automatic temperature compensation (ATC) ‫ذلك‬ ‫يتم‬ ‫فكيف‬ ,,,,,,, By Dr Mohamed Shaltout 01270000612
  • 10. Automatic temperature compensation (ATC) • ‫الميل‬ Slope ‫سوف‬ ‫يتم‬ ‫تعديله‬ ‫الن‬ ‫درجة‬ ‫حرارة‬ ‫العينات‬ ‫الفعلية‬ ‫اختلفت‬ ‫عند‬ ‫درجة‬ ‫حرارة‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬ buffers ‫التي‬ ‫استخدمت‬ ‫في‬ ‫المعايرة‬ By Dr Mohamed Shaltout 01270000612
  • 11. Automatic temperature compensation (ATC) ‫عملي‬ ‫مثال‬ • ‫عند‬ ‫معايرة‬ ‫جهاز‬ pH ‫باستخدام‬ 2 ‫بفر‬ 4.00 and 7.00 ‫عند‬ ‫درجة‬ ‫حرارة‬ 24°C ‫كان‬ ‫الميل‬ ‫المحسوب‬ ‫هو‬ slope (24°C) = 58,0 ‫و‬ ‫ال‬ offset = 0.0 mV • ‫و‬ ‫عند‬ ‫قياس‬ ‫العينات‬ ‫الفعلية‬ ‫كانت‬ ‫درجة‬ ‫حرارة‬ ‫العينات‬ ‫هي‬ 10°C. • ‫لعمل‬ Automatic temperature compensation (ATC) ‫نطبق‬ ‫في‬ ‫القانون‬ By Dr Mohamed Shaltout 01270000612
  • 12. Automatic temperature compensation (ATC) • Slope(10°C) = slope(24°C) * (10 + 273.15) / (24 + 273.15) • Slope(10°C) = 58.0 * (283.15) / ( 297.15) • Slope(10°C) = 55.28 • ‫لو‬ ‫كان‬ ‫قياس‬ ‫الجهد‬ potential ‫للعينة‬ ‫هو‬ 100 mv • ‫نعوض‬ ‫في‬ ‫معادلة‬ Nernst By Dr Mohamed Shaltout 01270000612
  • 13. Automatic temperature compensation (ATC) pH = 7 – Sample potential (mv)/ Slope • ‫قياس‬ ‫ال‬ pH ‫للعينة‬ ‫لو‬ ‫لم‬ ‫يكن‬ ‫هناك‬ ‫تعويض‬ ‫عن‬ ‫االختالف‬ ‫في‬ ‫درجة‬ ‫الحرارة‬ ‫بين‬ ‫البفر‬ ‫و‬ ‫العينة‬ = 7 – (100 mV / 58.0) = pH 5.28 (not corrected) • ‫قياس‬ ‫ال‬ pH ‫للعينة‬ ‫عندما‬ ‫يكون‬ ‫هناك‬ ‫تعويض‬ ‫عن‬ ‫االختالف‬ ‫في‬ ‫درجة‬ ‫الحرارة‬ ‫بين‬ ‫البفر‬ ‫و‬ ‫العينة‬ = 7 – (100 mV / 55.28 mV/pH) = pH 5.19 (corrected) By Dr Mohamed Shaltout 01270000612
  • 14. ‫جزيال‬ ‫شكرا‬ By Dr Mohamed Shaltout 01270000612