1. International Journal of IT, Engineering and Applied Sciences Research (IJIEASR) ISSN: 2319-4413
Volume 4, No. 1, January 2015
i-Explore International Research Journal Consortium www.irjcjournals.org
29
Air Powered Vehicle -An Eco Friendly Engine
Venkatesh Boddapati, B.Tech., Mechanical Engineering, Regency Institute of Technology, Yanam
S.V.V. Vinod, B.Tech., Mechanical Engineering, Regency Institute of Technology, Yanam
M. Dora Babu, B.Tech., Mechanical Engineering, Godavari Institute of Engineering and Technology, Rajahmundry
ABSTRACT
As the world is facing fuel crises compounded by
pollution of different kinds any invention that brings out
the solution to this problem is considered as bounty.
In one of such innovative technologies is the development
of new kind of engine which runs entirely with the power
of compressed air. This definitely reduces usage of
fossil fuels which in turn reduce pollution due to
combustion of such fuels. Here the fuel cost is also
substantially reduced as it is just an air which is
abundantly available in the atmosphere.
Keywords
Compressed air, cam design, work done, Fp, ip, bp.
1. INTRODUCTION:
Fossil fuels which meet most of the world’s energy
demand today are being depleted our environment
rapidly. Their combustion products are also leading
greenhouse effect, ozone layer depletion, acid rains and
Global Warming, which are posing great danger for our
environment and eventually for the total life on our
planet. One possible alternative is the air-powered
vehicle. Air which is abundantly available can be
compressed to higher pressures at a very low cost. It is a
good option to reduce vehicular pollution in the
atmosphere. Whereas all the attempts made to jettison
the pollution has however reduced it, but complete
suppression is still rigorously pursued. Compressed air
is also using in some of the vehicles for boosting the
initial torque. Super charging and Turbocharging has
become popular techniques to enhance power and
improve the efficiencies of the automotive engines. There
are two ongoing projects (MDI) that are developing a
new type of car that will run only on compressed air.
Similar attempt has been made to modify the existing
engine to propel with compressed air.
2. OPERATION OF 4-STROKE ENGINE:
Suction stroke: Fuel and air mixture introduced into the
intake manifold. Inlet valve remains open and Exhaust
valve closed as per Valve timing diagram. The piston
moves from T.D.C to B.D.C.
Compression: The charge is compressed in the
compressed stroke by moving the piston B.D.C to T.D.C.
In this stroke both valves are in closed position.
Expansion/Power stroke: The charge is combusted in the
combustion chamber which gives power to the engine by
means of operating the piston again from T.D.C to B.D.C.
In this stroke both valves are in closed position.
Exhaust stroke: The exhaust stroke occurs when spent
gases are expelled from the combustion chamber and
released to the atmosphere. The exhaust stroke is the final
stroke and occurs when the exhaust valve is open and the
intake valve is closed.
Fig. GENERAL 4-STROKE ENGINE
3. OPERATION OF COMPRESSED AIR
ENGINE:
The working of compressed air engine partially similar
with general 4-stroke engine.
Actually there are two strokes:
1. Suction Cum Power Stroke
2. Exhaust Stroke
Here 4-Stroke Engine is modified to Compresses Air
Engine.

2. International Journal of IT, Engineering and Applied Sciences Research (IJIEASR) ISSN: 2319-4413
Volume 4, No. 1, January 2015
i-Explore International Research Journal Consortium www.irjcjournals.org
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Representation of Operation
Actual View of Engine and Vehicle: 4. CAM DESIGN:

3. International Journal of IT, Engineering and Applied Sciences Research (IJIEASR) ISSN: 2319-4413
Volume 4, No. 1, January 2015
i-Explore International Research Journal Consortium www.irjcjournals.org
31
GENERAL 4-STROKE ENGINE VALVE TIMING
DIAGRAM:
Compressed Air Engine Valve Timing
Diagram:
Air Engine Cycle:
P-V diagram:
T-S diagram:
Pin Vs Pd
Pin Vs n

4. International Journal of IT, Engineering and Applied Sciences Research (IJIEASR) ISSN: 2319-4413
Volume 4, No. 1, January 2015
i-Explore International Research Journal Consortium www.irjcjournals.org
32
Actual P-V diagram
Theoretical P-V diagram
5. COMPRESSED AIR ENGINE TESTED
ON VEHICLE “CALIBER 115”
**Assuming Fp= 20%
Work done of air powered vehicle:
n= 1.4, Adiabatic process
6. MEAN EFFECTIVE PRESSURE:
Mep = (Work Done per cycle)/(Stroke volume)
INDICATIVE POWER:
Ip = (100×pm×LAN) / 60
7. MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY:
Mechanical efficiency is defined as the ratio of brake
Power to the indicative power (ip/bp).
8. VOLUMETRIC EFFICIENCY:

5. International Journal of IT, Engineering and Applied Sciences Research (IJIEASR) ISSN: 2319-4413
Volume 4, No. 1, January 2015
i-Explore International Research Journal Consortium www.irjcjournals.org
33
9. CONCLUSION
We hope compressed air storage tanks built with carbon
fibres will carry high amount of pressure with minimum
volume space which obviously meets the requirement with
the conventional engines with zero emission. Air powered
Vehicle is realization of most advanced technology in the
field of Automotive. It eliminates the use of Non-
Renewable energy fuels. We can develop this type of
vehicle into Multi-fuel Engine that runs on both
compressed air and/or Fuel (Gasoline) mode.
10. REFERENCES
[1] S. M. Yahya, Turbine, Compressor and Fans.
[2] Improving compressor air system performance.
[3] Robert L. Norton, Cam Design and manufacturing
handbook (references).
[4] Thermal Engineering P.L.BALLANEY
[5] www.theaircar.com
[6] www.mdi.lu.internet
[7] International Mechanical Engineering Congress,
NIT TRICHY, Conference proceedings with ISBN
978-93-84389-01-7.