2. Active Free Exercise
AROM: are those which are
performed by the patient’s own
muscular efforts within the
unrestricted ROM without the
assistance or resistance of any
external force other than gravity.
4. This type of exercise can be used to obtain
the following:
1-Relaxation: can be induced by exercises
which are rhythmical or pendulum( swinging)
in character.
2- Joint mobility: the normal range of joint
motion is maintained by exercises performed
in full range.
3- The power and endurance of the
working muscles
5. 4- co-ordination:
5- Confidence:
6-Circulatory and respiratory cooperation:
during prolonged exercise, the depth of
respiration is increased leading to the
production of heat and increasing circulation.
7. Technique of active free exercise:
The starting position : is selected and taught
with care to ensure the maximum postural
efficiency as a basis for movement.
Instruction : is given to gain interest and
cooperation of the patient.
The speed : at which the exercise is done
depends on the effect required.
The duration of the exercise: depends very
largely on the patient’s capacity without
reaching fatigue.
8. Effects of Immobilization:
fractures , surgery, paralysis, muscle spasticity,
various forms of arthritis, and even pain can result
in extended periods of immobilization.
loss of bone density:
because of a lack of muscle contraction and
weight bearing forces. immobilization continues
for several months, regional osteoporosis will
occur and full recovery of bone mass, volume, and
strength may be delayed or incomplete.
9. Articular cartilage, being largely avascular:
cartilage will reduce the thickness and stiffness of
the tissue and result in a reduced ability to absorb
and dissipate joint forces without injury to the
cartilage.
Collagenous tissue fibrosis and adhesion: caused
by the formation of excessive collagen fiber cross-
links.
Muscle tissue atrophy and contracture: A
reduction in muscle tissue size and contractile force.
slow-twitch fibers exhibiting greater atrophy than
those composed of fast-twitch fibers.
10. Contraindications
to AROM
Healing fracture
site,
Healing surgical
site,
Severe and acute
soft tissue
trauma,
Cardiopulmonary
dysfunction.
11. Limitation of ROM exercises
AROM
For strong muscles, AROM does
not maintain or increase
strength.
It is also does not develop skill
or coordination except in the
movement patterns used.
