2. Workers, usually the healthiest people in the
community, are exposed in the course of their
jobs to specific hazardous materials at the
highest concentrations
Hazardous agents in the workplace affect not
only workers but also those outside the worksite.
It can occur through clothing and vehicle
contamination, as in the case of asbestos
workers whose wives and children became
exposed to asbestos from these sources.
3. It is important to note that the
general population, which includes
children, the elderly, and pregnant
women, is more sensitive to exposure
to pollutants than the workforce.
4. Unintentional injuries in the workplace
include:
minor injuries major injuries
Bruises
cuts
Abrasions
minor burns
Amputations
Fractures
severe lacerations
eye losses
acute poisonings
severe burns
5.
6. The most common types of injuries and
illnesses that required time away from
work were sprains and strains followed by
bruises and contusions ,
cuts and lacerations ,
Fractures,
burns ,and
amputations.
7. Highway incidents continued to
lead the way, followed by
falls,
homicides,
worker struck by object or
equipment,
8.
9. There are several principles that can point in
the direction of controlling workplace injuries:
(1) eliminating or modifying the job to make it
safer;
(2) changing the work environment, physically
or psychosocially, to make it less hazardous;
(3) making machinery safer; and
(4) improving the selection, training, and
education of the workers.
10. A teacher who was attacked by a student,
A doctor who was attacked in his place of work by an
irate patient’s relative,
or a pizza delivery man killed for a few pounds.
homicide the third leading cause of workplace
fatalities behind highway incidents and falls and the
second leading cause of workplace deaths among
women
11. Prevention strategies for workplace violence can
be grouped into three categories—
environmental designs,
administrative controls, and
behavior strategies.
Before these strategies can be implemented, a
workplace violence prevention policy should be in
place.
12.
13. Precise data on the number of cases of occupational
illnesses are more difficult to acquire than data on
injuries.
It is more difficult to link illnesses to occupational
exposure.
Some illnesses that can result from occupational
exposure (e.g., tuberculosis, cancer, and asthma)
appear no different than those that result from
exposure elsewhere.
Also, there is usually a lengthy period of time between
exposure and the appearance of disease, unlike
injuries that are usually evident immediately.
14. 1. Musculoskeletal Disorders :
are the most frequently reported occupational
disorders.
They include both acute and chronic injury to
muscles, tendons, ligaments, nerves ,joints ,bones ,
and supporting vasculature.
2. Skin Diseases and Disorders
Reported skin disorders included allergic and irritant
dermatitis ,eczema ,rash ,oil acne ,chrome ulcers ,and
chemical burns.
15. 3. Noise-Induced Hearing Loss:
Is another form of repeated trauma. Cases include
workers with a permanent noise-induced hearing
loss.
4. Respiratory Disorders:
Occupational respiratory disorders are the result of
the inhalation of toxic substances present in the
workplace.The lungs ,like the skin ,can be both the
target organ of disease and a portal of entry for toxic
substances. E.g.:Asbestos workers.
16. It is the science that deals with health
hazards related or due to individual's
occupation or work.
17. Place suitable worker in suitable job.
Keep worker healthy and on job.
Promote worker's health.
Keep worker's environment and nearby
environment healthy.
Provide special care for vulnerable groups of
workers namely women and children.
Keep good health recording system (the seeing eye
of occupational health team).
18. 1. Safety engineers and certified safety professionals (CSPs)
design safety education programs, detect hazards in the
workplace ,and try to correct them.
2. Health physicists are concerned with radiation safety in the
workplace.
3. industrial hygienist is concerned with environmental factors
that might cause illness. Examples of such factors might
include poor ventilation, excessive noise, poor lighting, and the
presence of hazardous substances.
4. The occupational physician (OP) or occupational medical
practitioner (OMP) is a medical practitioner whose primary
concern is preventive medicine in the workplace.
5. The occupational health nurse (OHN) role is one of greater
emphasis on health promotion and illness prevention
19. There are a number of programs that can be put in
place in occupational settings to reduce injuries and
diseases.
These include:
pre-placement examinations,
health maintenance programs,
safety awareness programs,
health promotion programs,
investigation of accidents,
stress management programs,
employee assistance programs, and
rehabilitation programs.
20. Is the applied science of equipment design
intended to reduce operator fatigue and
discomfort.
Ergonomists study human capabilities in
relationship to work demands.
Ergonomics commonly refers to designing work
environments for maximizing safety and
efficiency.
Ergonomics is a discipline that involves arranging
the environment to fit the person in it.
Ergonomics
21. 1-Designing equipment and systems including
computers, so that they are easier to use and
less likely to lead to errors in operation
2-Designing tasks and jobs so that they are
effective and take account of human needs such
as rest breaks and sensible shift patterns.
Applications of Ergonomics:
22. 3-Designing work arrangements to
improve working posture and ease the load
on the body.
4-Designing working environments,
including lighting and heating, to suit the
needs of the users and the tasks performed.
