Eye is a complex system in itself .Most privileged organ as well as the most difficult to deliver the drug in eye. Blood ocular barrier is the main culprit in making the ocular drug delivery in the posterior segment ,one of the most challenging task for the ophthalmologist & the pharma personnel.

1. DEEPTI M SATI

2. PHARMACOLOGY……??
PHARMACOLOGY: derived from two
Greek word Pharamcon + Logos Science of Drugs
Branch of science deal with interaction of drug with the
living system
Drug:??? french word drogue :dry herb
Single active chemical entity present in medicine that is
used for diagnosis, prevention, treatment/cure of disease.
WHO definition substance used or intended to modify or
explore physiological system or pathological states for the
benefit of the recipient.
Oswald Schmeidberg :Father of Pharmacology

3. Concepts and Definitions
Pharmacopoeia:Compilation containing complete
description of drug and dosage forms of officially approved
drugs in a country ie.USP.,BP
Essential Drugs
Prescription drugs
OTC: Non prescription drug
Orphan Drugs
Drug Nomenclature: 1.Chemical name : Para amino phenol
2.Non proprietary Name:name accepted by competent
authority as USAN(US adopted name)
3.Proprietary name:Brand name by manufacturer .
Ex:Paracetamol:Para amino phenol,Crocin

4. Description :Pharmacology of
drug
1. Chemical name (Generic name)
2.Class to which it belongs
3.OTC/Prescription drug
4.Indication
5.MOA
6.Route of administration and dosage form available
7.Adverse effects
8.Drug Interactions

5. PHARMACOKINETICS
PHARMACOKINETICS: What the body does to the drug
include
absorption,distribution,binding/localization/storage,biotr
ansformation and excretion
combination of ADME
Bioavailability
Plasma protein binding
Volume of distribution
Redistribution

7. What the drug does to the body ie. Physiological and
biochemical effects of drug and their mechanism of
action .
Dose
MOA:Mechanism of action
Most drugs act by binding to regulatory macromolecules
receptors ,neurotransmitters or enzymes
If drug working at receptor level may be Agonist/Antagonist
Propranolol
If drug working at enzyme level may be activator or inhibitor:
Omeprazole

8. OCULAR PHARMACOLOGY
NEED:???
Complex structure of eye it is in itself a whole living
system
Target the Eye being the most accesible priveleged
as well as challenging .

11. • Privileged organ
• Well protected from xenobiotics
• Drugs reach poorly
• Hurdle for Drug therapy
• More understanding is required
 Blood Retinal Barrier (BRB)
 Blood Aqueous Barrier (BAB)
 Corneal Barrier
 Barriers of Sclera and Conjunctiva

13. Schematic representation of the fate of topically applied drugs on
the eye and their disposition