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Noble Group of Institutions, Junagadh
General Characters of Fungi
amolak.ubhadiya@ngivbt.e
du.in
+91 94261 69772
BOTANY DEPARTMENT
Prof. Amolak H Ubhadiya
02 - FUNGI
BOTANY
Subject Code : BOT101

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Prof. Amolak Ubhadiya 2
General Characters of Fungi
 Fungi (singular - fungus) are simple eukaryotic microorganisms lacking
chlorophyll.
 Fungus is a Latin word meaning mushroom.
 The fungi are achlorophyllous, heterotrophic thallophyte.
 The study of fungi is known as Mycology.
 There are over 100,000 species named fungi in the world.
 Michell is the Father of Mycology.
 The plant body is a thallus.
 The plant body nay be unicellular or tubular filament called hypha.
 Fungi live as saprophytes, parasites or symbionts.

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Prof. Amolak Ubhadiya 3
 They are found in the soil, water, air, plants and animals.
 They reproduce mainly by spores.
 Many fungi are economically important.
 Fungi are achlorophyllous heterotrophic, eukaryotic and spore—bearing
organisms surrounded by a cell wall made up of chitin.
(Eg. Yeast, Rhizopus, Mucor Panicillium, Agaricus,, etc.)
 Fungi grow well in Areas where the moisture is high and the temperature is
warm. However, certain prefers low or high temperatures.

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Prof. Amolak Ubhadiya 4
 Fungi are devoid of chlorophyll.
 They are heterotrophs.
 They are eukaryotic.
 They are haploid.
 The are spore-producing thallophytes.
 The cell wall is made up of chitin and & glucan.
 They are cosmopolitan in distribution.
 They may be aquatic, terrestrial or aerial.
 They may be parasites, saprophytes, symbionts or predators (hunting
nematodes).

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Prof. Amolak Ubhadiya 5
 The plant body is called thallus.
 The thallus has no differentiation into roots, stem and leaves.
 The thallus may be unicellular or mycelium.
 The mycelium is made up of hyphae.
 The reserve food materials are glycogen or oil.
 The repioduction system shows gradual reduction from lower forms to higher
forms.
 They reproduce by vegetative, asexual and sexual methods.
 The vegetative reproduction takes place by fragmentation, fission and
budding.

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Prof. Amolak Ubhadiya 6
 Asexual reproduction takes place by spores.
(Viz. conidia, sporangiospores, chlamydospores, oidia.)
 Sexual reproduction takes place by planogametic copulation, gametangial
contact, gametangial copulation, spermatization and somatogamy.
 The life cycle may be Asexual cycle, Haploid cycle, Haplo diploid cycle and
Diploid dikaryophase cycle.

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Prof. Amolak Ubhadiya 7
 Asexual reproduction takes place by spores.
(Viz. conidia, sporangiospores, chlamydospores, oidia.)
 Sexual reproduction takes place by planogametic copulation, gametangial
contact, gametangial copulation, spermatization and somatogamy.
 The life cycle may be Asexual cycle, Haploid cycle, Haplo diploid cycle and
Diploid dikaryophase cycle.

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Prof. Amolak Ubhadiya 8

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Thank
You
Noble Group of Institutions, Junagadh
amolak.ubhadiya@ngivbt.ed
u.in
BOTANY DEPARTMENT
+91 94261 69772