2. How is intelligence defined?
Intelligence = inborn and hereditary?
◦ Cognitive science says not so fast;
smart is something gained over time!
Exercise your brain like a muscle
OR (As Dr Richter states)
Intelligence = competence in the social and physical world?
◦ Believing effort matters more than ability = success!
3. On a separate browser window:
Go to http://www.uncc.edu
Remember one event listed on that page
4. Where does IQ come from?
In the US many feel Intelligence = IQ
◦Alfred Binet: Inventor of the IQ test to measure
intelligence
But why measure intelligence?
◦The Paris school needed to identify
students with special needs
5. List one event from the website visited
One event from the visited website was:
Submit
Clear
6. Binet’s IQ Test
Binet thought intelligence meant quick learning
Tests involved a wide selection of what we view as ordinary
knowledge
Letters
Numbers
General Knowledge
Morals
Beliefs
7. How did the IQ test work?
If the IQ = 100, the Mental Age=Chronological Age!
Mental age
◦ 7 year old participant
◦ If answers most 6 year old questions correct
◦ And answers few 7 year old questions correct
◦ Mental age = 6
Chronological age
◦ Number of months old
(Mental Age/Chronological Age) X 100 = IQ
8. When did the US start using IQ?
Europe didn’t really want it (except for England).
But…
The US LOVED the idea of IQ!
World War I kicked off the use of IQ testing.
Why?
To find out fast which soldiers would be able to quickly learn the new
technologies.
Who should go to the foxholes on the front lines? Ask the IQ test
Who should go to officer training? Ask the IQ test
Hello. And thank you for listening to this lecture on A Short History of Intelligence Testing.
Please listen carefully to the following lecture.
Try to Listen as though you were in a classroom environment.
Once the lecture is finished, there will be a few short surveys and then your participation in this research will be complete.
thank you again for your participation
How is intelligence defined.
Most people have some idea of their own definition of intelligence.
Many believe intelligence is hereditary
That we are born already equiped with our level of intelligence.
Cognitive scientist would not be so quick to agree. People can get smarter over time with exercise and percerverance.
Likewise, research shows people who believe effort counts more than ability are more likely to be succcessful.
Dr, Resnick, a professor of cognitive psychology, defines intelligence as the ability to competently behave in the physical and social world.
If you have a cell phone or other electronic device on wifi, use it to go to the website listed on the screen. www.uncc.edu.
If you do not have a cell phone, open an additional web browser window and enter the address.
Quickly pick one event from the events/news list on the left hand side of the screen.
In the US many people simply define intelligence by the measured IQ
So where does the idea of IQ come from?
Alfred Binet was a turn of the century French Psychologist working for the Paris School Authority
As the Paris Schools started requiring education for all children, they realized the need for special curriculums for special needs kids. They asked Binet to design a test that could predict who would be able to learn in the regular curriculum and who would need special education.
The problem was determining WHO would not benefit from the standard curriculum and who would need special education
List one event or news item that you remember from the website visited earlier.
Do not return to the website, instead just enter a word or two you remember seeing.
Well, at first everyone was unsuccessful. Nobody could find a test that predicted success in school. The Paris School said do it anyway and Binet decided to start from scratch creating a brand new theory.
1st he thought being intelligent meant learning quickly. If something is quick it can be measured against others. Some may learn at a normal rate, some fast and some slow. So the idea was to take a bunch of questions and see how people of different ages were able to answer them.
Those who could answer a lot more than people their own age were smarter and those who could not answer many were not as smart.
There were all sorts of questions on the test: Questions about letters, numbers, general knowledge like time telling, morality questions and questions about beliefs.
From these experiments the IQ test was born.
If the mental age = the chronological age the IQ is 100.
IQ tests measure mental age.
If a 7 year old is tested and can answer most of the questions a 6 year old can answer but that same 7 year old struggles to answer the questions meant for 7 year old children, the mental age of the person would be a 6.
To get the IQ score a person would divide the mental age in months by the chronological age in months and multiply that score by 100 (just to get rid of the decimals). So that is mental age/chronological age times 100.
The idea of the IQ test never really caught on in Europe (with the exception of England).
But when World War I started the US needed a way to quickly find out which soldiers would be best fit for which positions.
We had to mobilize fast and most of the new soldiers were coming from farm communities. So tests were given with paper and pencil to figure out hwo to deal with these army recruits.
Who should be in the foxholes and who should be in officer training was determined by using the results of Binet's IQ test.
Now the idea of IQ testing is important all through American Education.
that is all for this section.
You can now proceed onto the survey and a short quiz of the materials.
Thanks!
