4. • Advantages of Radial System
1. Its initial cost is minimum
2. It is the simplest distribution system
• Disadvantages of Radial System
1. The end of the distributor nearest to the feeding end would be heavily
loaded.
2. The consumers are dependent on single feeder and distributor so when
fault occurs supply is cut off.
3. The consumers at the far end(B) of the distributor would be subjected to
serious voltage fluctuations because of the changing load on the
distributor.
4. Due to above limitations this system is used for short distances only.
6. • Advantages of Ring Main System
1. Each distributor is supplied via two feeders so this reduces voltage
fluctuations to the consumers at far end.
2. The system is more reliable because each distributor is fed via two
feeders.
3. In the event of fault on any section of feeder, the continuity of supply
can be maintained.
8. • Advantages of Interconnected System
1. Reliability is more because if fault occurs on one section, supply can be
continued by other route.
2. Good voltage regulation is achieved.
3. Size of substation is less compared to the radial system.
4. As all the substations are connected, increase in the load demand in
future can be met by running additional transformers in parallel.
5. There is more flexibility because power can be fed to the distribution
substation by different routes depending upon the situations.
9. Types of D.C.Distributors
1. Distributor fed at one end
2. Distributor fed at the Centre
3. Distributor fed at both end
4. Ring mains or Ring Distributor
11. • Advantages of Distributor fed at one end
1. Simple in construction
2. Less cost
• Disadvantages of Distributor fed at one end
1. The minimum voltage occurs at the fare load point E.
2. The consumers are dependent on single feeder and distributor so when
fault occurs supply is cut off
3. When ever the load on the distributor is switched on or off, heavy
voltage fluctuations at the far load point E
13. • Advantages of Distributor fed at the Centre
1. The various sections of the distributor carry lesser current which reduces
the voltage drop in the distributor.
2. The voltage reaches at far point is more.
3. There are less voltage fluctuation at the far ends.
4. The conductor size required for the distributor is less.
15. • Advantages of Distributor fed at both end
1. If the supply of any feeding end fails, the continuity of power supply to
the consumers is maintained from the other feeding end.
2. In case the fault occurs on any section of the distributor, the faulty
section can be isolated and the supply is maintained to the remaining
sections. This improves the reliability of supply.
3. The area of cross section required for a doubly fed distributor is much
less than singly fed distributor. Hence it is economical.
