1. An asset is a resource owned by a business that is expected to provide future value. Examples of assets include cash, inventory, accounts receivable, vehicles, and equipment.
2. When a client makes a payment towards their accounts receivable balance, it affects the balance sheet by increasing cash and decreasing accounts receivable.
3. Expenses decrease net income, which decreases equity on the balance sheet. Transactions are recorded with debits and credits, with debits recorded on the left side and credits on the right side of T-accounts.