Producción de carne bovina en Argentina, diagnóstico y desafíos.

1. Cristian R. Feldkamp Dr. rer. agr., Ing. Agr. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias - Universidad de Concepción del Uruguay Facultad de Agronomía - Universidad de Buenos Aires Research & DevelopmentUnit - AACREA Beef Production in Argentina: Situation and Challenges

2. Oursystems… Economicsystem Ecologicsystem

3. Contents Importance of beefindustry Productionregions Trends Challengesforthenextdecade Conclusions

4. Introduction

5. Beefindustry in Argentina: important?

6. Meatconsumption Source: ForeignAgricultureService, USDA (2011)

7. Beef industry in Argentina: important? Source: Lódola et al. (2007)

8. Beef industry in Argentina: important? 778 000 Source: Lódola et al. (2007)

9. Beefproduction Source: Basedon IPCVA (2010) and ONCCA (2009)

10. Cattle stock Source: Basedon IPCVA (2010)

11. Stock and PRODUCTION: 1958-2010 Source: Basedon IPCVA (2010)

12. People and cattle

13. Beefper capitaConsumptiontrend Source: Basedon IPCVA (2010)

14. Extraction RATE = Number of cattleslaughtered Stock of cattle Avg 25% Source: Basedon IPCVA (2010)

15. Average Carcass weight Avg211 kg Source: Basedon IPCVA (2010)

16. Export and domestic consumption 2 210 000 (82%) 490 000 (18%) Source: Basedon IPCVA (2010)

17. ProductionRegions

18. Regions of production North Eastern Region Area: 31 mill ha Cattlearea: 13 mill ha* North Western Region Area: 74 mill ha Cattlearea: 11 mill ha* Pampean Region SemiaridRegion Area: 48 mill ha Cattlearea: 27 mill ha* Area: 44 mill ha Cattlearea: 23 mill ha* PatagonianRegion Area: 81 mill ha Cattlearea: 5.6 mill ha* *Source: AdaptedfromFeldkamp et al. (2008)

19. Whereisthecattle? 1 point = 5 000 cattle Source: DNSA – SENASA (2010)

20. Whereisthecattle? North Eastern Region Stock: 14 mill (28%) Cows: 6 mill (29%) North Western Region Stock: 5.7 mill (11%) Cows: 2.4 mill (11%) Pampean Region SemiaridRegion Stock: 26 mill (52%) Cows: 10 mill (49%) Stock: 3.6 mill (7%) Cows: 1.6 mill (7%) PatagonianRegion Stock: 1.2 mill (2%) Cows: 0.5 mill (2%) Source: SENASA (2011)

21. Howistheproductivity North Eastern Region Calf : cow: 0.52 Cowsper ha: 0.46 Slaughter share: 14% North Western Region Calf : cow: 0.57 Cows per ha: 0.23 Slaughter share: 7% 28% 11% Pampean Region SemiaridRegion Calf : cow: 0.71 Cows per ha: 0.45 Slaughter share: 71% Calf : cow: 0.58 Cows per ha: 0.07 Slaughter share: 6% 52% 7% PatagonianRegion Calf : cow: 0.60 Cows per ha: 0.09 Slaughter share: 2% 2% Source: SENASA (2011), Feldkamp et al. (2008), SENASA (2009)

22. Travelling calves… North Eastern Region 25% of calves North Western Region - 1% / year 12% of calves -0.5% / year Pampean Region SemiaridRegion 45% of calves -2.6% / year PatagonianRegion 28% of calves -0.7% / year Source: Trend 2006-2008, SENASA (2009)

23. Trends

24. Pampean subregions North Steer : cow 2003  2009 0.65  0.61 Southeast West Steer : cow 2003  2009 0.19  0.27 Steer : cow 2003  2009 1.03  0.77 Southwest Steer : cow 2003  2009 0.33  0.34 Source: SENASA (2011), Feldkamp et al. (2008), SENASA (2009)

25. Cattlegrazingarea 12 million ha less Source: Adaptedfrom SIIA 2011

26. cattlegrazingArea North Eastern Region North Western Region -97 000 ha/yr -107 000 ha/yr Pampean Region SemiaridRegion -580 000 ha/yr -13 000 ha/yr Feedlot share Source: SENASA (2011), Feldkamp et al. (2008), SENASA (2009)

27. Overstocking? Source: IPCVA (2011) and ownsimulations

28. Impact of drought Source: IPCVA (2010) and ownsimulations

29. Price of land $$ $𝒉𝒂 Source: Series de Precios Agropecuarios AACREA – Correctedthrough Producer Price Index, 01/06/2010

30. Changingpriorities $$ $𝒉𝒂 Minimizecost Maximize ROI Economy of scale Intensification (feedlots)

31. Challenges

32. Challenges

33. Challenges: stability Currentindustry has lowstability Rangelands: ca. 58% of total cattle stock ca. 95% of beefdams

34. Challenges: stability Currentindustry has lowstability How do westabilizethesupply of animals? How do wesupplyconstantquality?

35. Challenges: sustainability Overgrazing Biodiversity Intensiveproduction GHGs

36. Challenges: sustainability Overgrazing Reduces productivity in theshortand thelongterm Why do weoverstock?

37. Challenges: sustainability Biodiversity Howmighttheranchervaluethisproperty? Shouldwe look foraltruistranchers?

38. Challenges: sustainability Intensiveproduction Externalities of thesesystems are alreadyevident Urgentactionisneeded

39. GHGs Challenges: sustainability 52 000 kg CWe 290 cars (25.000 km) 945 people (55 kg per cap) 1000 ha (500 dams) Feldkamp et al. (2007)

40. Challenges: efficiency Weaningrate Carcassweight Extractionrate

41. Challenges: efficiency Weaningrate Technologyisavailable 63%  75% Weneedtounderstandhowrancherstakedecisions Rangelands!

42. Challenges: efficiency Carcassweight Growingphase (rangelands?) 210 kg  250 kg Breed? Rangeland / pastures / supplement? Feedlot?

43. Challenges: efficiency Extractionrate 63%  75% 25%  30% Fatteningperiodshouldnotincrease!!

44. Conclusions

45. conclusions Beefindustry in Argentina ischangingrapidly Efficiencyisthemaindriving variable (economy of scale!!) Sustainabilityand stabilitymustbe considered at ranch and regional/country level

46. Conclusions SustainabilityrefersnotonlytoGHGs Beefonrangelands as provider of highqualityfoodfrom non-edibleresources Faircomparisons

47. COnclusions Rangelands Cow-calfsystems ? ? ? Growingphase Silage Pasture Rangelands ? ? ? Feedlot Pasture Fatteningphase Rangelands

51. Thank you for your attention cfeldkamp@crea.org.ar