1. SYSTEMS
DT774 PG Certificate in Digital Energy Analysis and Building Retrofit
Colette Harold – Presentation: Systems

2. Apartment Type
DT774 PG Certificate in Digital Energy Analysis and Building Retrofit
Colette Harold – Presentation: Systems

3. Nearly Zero Buildings
• Definition
• Directive 2010/31/EU (Energy Performance Building
Directive recast) Article 9
• “Member States shall ensure that by 31 December 2020
all new buildings are nearly zero-energy buildings;
• After 31 December 2018, new buildings occupied and
owned by public authorities are to be nearly zero-energy
buildings”.
DT774 PG Certificate in Digital Energy Analysis and Building Retrofit
Colette Harold – Presentation: Systems

4. Heat Use
• Heat use for full year is 242kWh/y
• These apartments have very little heating
demand
DT774 PG Certificate in Digital Energy Analysis and Building Retrofit
Colette Harold – Presentation: Systems

5. Hot Water Use
• Water heating for the full year is just over 1500kWh/y
DT774 PG Certificate in Digital Energy Analysis and Building Retrofit
Colette Harold – Presentation: Systems

6. Heat Pumps
• Individual heat pumps to
each apartment will supply
both heating and hot
water, with heat pump
equipment located in a
utility room.
• Evaporator outside for
ground floor apartments.
DT774 PG Certificate in Digital Energy Analysis and Building Retrofit
Colette Harold – Presentation: Systems

7. Evaporator 900mm x
900mm x 560mm
Heat Pump Location
Typical 2
Bed upper
floors
Roof
DT774 PG Certificate in Digital Energy Analysis and Building Retrofit
Colette Harold – Presentation: Systems

8. Ochsner Combi UniversalAir Source Heat Pump
• One single compact
appliance with
incorporated hot water
tank
• Heating
• Cooling (if required)
• The amount of space
required is small
DT774 PG Certificate in Digital Energy Analysis and Building Retrofit
Colette Harold – Presentation: Systems

9. Ochsner Combi UniversalAir Source Heat Pump
• Excess of 400% efficiency
• Low running costs
• No maintenance required
• Heat pumps have zero
emissions
• Central control system.
• This can be linked to a
smart phone for remote
access
DT774 PG Certificate in Digital Energy Analysis and Building Retrofit
Colette Harold – Presentation: Systems

10. Primary Energy Factor for Electricity
• It is likely that the primary energy factor for electricity will
reduce by 2020
• Making the use of heat pumps “greener” over time.
DT774 PG Certificate in Digital Energy Analysis and Building Retrofit
Colette Harold – Presentation: Systems

11. Solar PV
• Gable units, Ground and Top Floor units each have
2 PV panels
• Mid Floor, middle units each have 1 PV panel
• Each panel faces due south at a pitch of 45 degrees
DT774 PG Certificate in Digital Energy Analysis and Building Retrofit
Colette Harold – Presentation: Energy systems

12. Solar PV
• Used to offset mains electricity used in running heat pumps
• Single panel contributes 210kWh/y in delivered energy
• Double panels contribute 420kWh/y in delivered energy
DT774 PG Certificate in Digital Energy Analysis and Building Retrofit
Colette Harold – Presentation: Systems

13. Demand Control Ventilation
• Aereco V2A fan in
utility
• Extracts from
kitchen and
bathroom
• Exhaust air out via
fan to outside
(green)
• Draws air in as
required (blue)
• Flat ductwork in
ceiling
DT774 PG Certificate in Digital Energy Analysis and Building Retrofit
Colette Harold – Presentation: Systems

14. Building Energy Rating
• High levels of
insulation and
air-tightness,
• Very efficient
Heat Pumps
• Solar PV panels
• All units achieve
an A2 BER
rating
DT774 PG Certificate in Digital Energy Analysis and Building Retrofit
Colette Harold – Presentation: Systems

15. No PV
• A large number
of the units could
achieve A2
without the use
of PV panels
DT774 PG Certificate in Digital Energy Analysis and Building Retrofit
Colette Harold – Presentation: Systems

16. Zero Energy Rating
• Is Zero energy a target
in the future?
• Will PV cost less?
• 7 PV panels = zero
energy building
DT774 PG Certificate in Digital Energy Analysis and Building Retrofit
Colette Harold – Presentation: Systems