2. z
Structure and Written Expression
Consisting:
- Incomplete sentence (1-15)
- Error analysis (16-40)
How to analyze:
1. Skimming find the characteristics of the selected
grammar; for IC (look the option to consider the
question); for EA (look at the four underlined
options, consider probable grammar)
2. Scanning find the characteristics of the grammar
used; for IC (read the sentence to look for the
grammar characteristics); for EA (look for the
characteristics that may attach in the sentence)
3. z
TIPS
Selalu baca PILIHAN JAWABAN terlebih dahulu
PILIHAN JAWABAN selalu merefleksikan TRICKS
4. z
Selalu lihat pilihan jawaban dulu
SVA: predicate (Verb1 (s/es) or To be (is, am, are) Subject (TIDAK ADA KET
WAKTU)
Tenses: predicate (V2/Has, Have+V3/Had + V3) KET WAKTU
Comparison: (more/er/less…than, the most/est/least, double comparative)
Parallel: CONNECTOR (biasanya ada di soal)
Word order: adjective + noun, adverb + adjective, adverb + verb, adverb + adjective +
noun
Clause: Conjunction (who, which, where, when, whom, whose)
Kata sebelum conjunction
Kata sesudah conjunction (Sentence: whom, where, when, whose, PREP+WHICH)
(Predicate: who, which, when, where)
Of which, on which, about which, in which
Jokowi who is one of Indonesia presidents leads the country
Sidoarjo where I live in is very crowded
5. z
STRUCTURE
SUBJECT VERB AGREEMENT
Direct SV
S (adv.) V
- (-ly)
SV With Preposition
S prep _____ V
- Prep + noun = adverb
- In the room
- My room is clean
- In my room is clean
In, on, at, by, with, about, of,
to, from, for (kata benda jika
diawali oleh PREPS, maka
tidak menjadi kata benda)
SV With Appositive (noun)
S (Appositive) V
S , ____ , V
Jokowi, one of Indonesia presidents,
lead the country
S Conj ____ V
Who, which, whom, that (di depan)
Jokowi who is one of Indonesia
presidents leads the country
diikuti kata kerja
S Ving/V3 ____V
Noun/ket: ving/v3
Aquatic ecosystem ____ by the
pollutant that contains in body
river.
A.is affected
B.are affected
C.affected
D.affecting
Teachers in the international
proceeding seminar at Singapore
A
presents their article decisively
B C
without any doubt.
D
Red blood cells containing a protein called
hemoglobin _____ oxygen to all parts of the
body.
A. circulate
B. circulating
C. circulated
D. circulates
6. z
Sentence: S + P SIMPLE PRESENT
To be: is, am, are,
Verb: V1 (have, take, drink)
Singular: Subject (he, she, it) a/an + V1(s/es) he takes
S (singular) + V1(s/es) / to be (is, am)
Plural (jamak): I you they we (s/es) + V1 you take
shoes, bags, buses, pencils, books
S (plural)(s/es) + V1 / to be (are)
SUBJECT: NOUN
Article: the, a/an table, chair,
Imbuhan: s/es
V-ing: (gerund) studying
7. z
STRUCTURE
TENSES
Simple Past tense = V2
I ate last night
Time signal:
- last, ago, early…, yester ….
- In/on = year, century, period
-In: bulan, tahun (in January, in
2020)
-On: hari, tanggal (On January
15th 2020)
- When/before diikuti S + V2
Present Perfect = has/have + V3
I have finished my work
Time signals:
- Since/from = year, century, period,
atau S + V2
- During/for = durasi waktu
Past Perfect = had + V3
Time signals:
- Until/to = year, century, S + V2
- Gabungan dua keterangan waktu
(past tense + present perfect)
- for/during + when/before (S+V2)
/in (year/century)
In late of nineteen century,
Kate Chopin _______ At Fault
which are set in New Orleans.
A. wrote
B. has written
C. had written
D. writes
China as one of the biggest nations in
A B
the world had been through many
C
dynasty changes for more than
D
thousand centuries.
For decades, the concept of television,
the transmission of images over
distances, ___ scientists before the
moving pictures or radio was
invented.
A. intrigued
B. has intrigued
C. had intrigued
D. Intrigues
8. z
STRUCTURE
Degree of Comparison
Comparative
more ______ than
-er ______ than
less ______ than
I am taller than you
I am taller you
I am tall than you
I am more taller than
you
I am lesser than you
Covid-19, becoming the world’s
A
popular issue, has hardest impact
B C
on people than SAR or MERS.
D
Superlative
the most .....
the –est .....
the least .....
Plankton, the ______ aquatic
organism, become a crucial source
of food for fish, whale, and bigger
aquatic creatures.
A. the smallest
B. the smaller
C. smallest
D. smaller
Double Comparative
the more/ -er/ less
_______, the more/-er/
less
The bigger A, the smaller
B
The greater one shows the love,
A
deeper other will respond and it is
B
supposed to be the common truth.
C D
10. z
STRUCTURE
PARALLEL STRUCTURE
Single pointer: CONNECTOR
and
or
as well as
But
I eat, drink, and study
Double pointer:
Not only ___ but ( ) also __
Neither ____ nor ____
Either/whether ___ or ____
Both/between ___ and ___
I not only eat but also drink
Thatcher studied chemistry at Somerville
A B
College, Oxford and working briefly as a
C
chemist, before becoming a barrister.
D
During the period of presidential campaign, both
candidates have done their best to persuade the
mass by neither denouncing the other parties ____
public performances to gain votes.
A. nor doing
B. or done
C. or doing
D. nor done
Note:
_____ and ______
_____, _____, and _____
_____, _____ or _____, and _____
_____either _____ and _____ or _____
_____ whether ____ or ____ and _____
Affix penanda jenis kata
Adverb : -ly [bisa mengikuti kata apapun kecuali NOUN]
Verb : -fy, -ze, -ce/te
Adjective : -ive, -able, -ful, -al/cal, -ic, -nt, -less, -te, -ous
[bisa mengikuti kata apapun kecuali VERB]
Noun : -ment, -ion, -al, -ics/ism, -or/er/an/ist, -ness, -ce
11. z
STRUCTURE
CLAUSES
Adjective Clause
Conjunction:
Who (verb/to be), whom (Sentence),
whose (noun), that
(predicate/sentence), which
(verb/tobe), of which (sentence)
Sentence:
- whom, of/in/on which, that
Noun Clause
Conjunction:
what, why, how, that, whom, THAT
What (sentence)
I buy a car I, a car
I buy what I drive
Adverbial Clause
Conjunction:
Place = in which, where
Time = when, before, after, while, ….
- Subject and Predicate (verb or to
be)
- Ving/ved
Condition = because, if, although, ….
- Subject and Predicate
Jackie Mclean’s recordings makes
him as one of the few jazz musicians
_______ of playing has kept pace with
the evolution of modern jazz.
A. who style
B. whose style
C. which style
D. that style
For centuries, _______ is normally in
the part of the world where the
climate is warm and the weather is
mild.
A. where people have chosen to live
B. where have chosen to live
C. that people to choose to live
D. what people have chosen to live
Pure iron cannot be hardened by
heating and cooling ________the
necessary carbon.
A. because iron lacks
B. as ironing lack
C. because of lacks of iron
D. Iron lacked
12. z
I go to work because I need money
Adverbial Clause:
Because, although, when, while, since, if (diikuti kalimat)
Because of, due to, despite, in spite of, (diikuti oleh kata benda
saja)
I go to work because I need money
I go to work because of money
13. z
STRUCTURE
WO/WF/WC/Conj.
Word Order
Madge Macklin
promoted the expansion
of medical training to
include genetics and
supported the founding
of genetics departments
in North American ____.
A. medical school
B. school medical
C. medical schooling
D. schooling medical
Word Form
______ friendly and affordable
synthetic fuels, many
worldwide researchers have
spent billions of dollars, yet
no satisfied result has been
obtained.
A. To develop
environmentally
B. Develop environmentally
C. Developed
environmentally
D. To develops
environmentally
Word Choice
Madge Macklin ______ the
expansion of medical
training to include
genetics and supported
the founding of genetics
departments in North
American medical schools.
A. promoted
B. produced
C. created
D. generated
Conjunction/
Connector
Moles are almost
completely blind, ___ their
tiny eyes can distinguish
light from dark.
A. although
B. Because of
C. Despite
D. because
14. z
Adverb (ly) + verb = quickly run
Adverb + adjective = amazingly beautiful
Adjective + noun = good food
Adverb + adjective + noun = extremely heavy rain
15. z
STRUCTURE
PREPOSITION/ARTICLE/DETERMINER
Preposition
The oldest city _____,
Washington, was founded by
the Hudson’s Bay Company in
the early nineteenth century.
A. in the state of Vancouver
B. at the state in Vancouver
C. of the state in Vancouver
D. by the state of Vancouver
Article
The term “technology” refers to
______ and invention that help
people improve their way of life.
A. the discovery
B. a discovery
C. that discovery
D. other discovery
Determiner
After the great blizzard of 1888 in
the northeastern United States, it
took _____ the snow away from their
homes.
A. several days for people to shovel
B. any day for people to shovel
C. a few days for people to shovel
D. a bunch of days for people to
shovel
16. z
Preposition:
In : waktu (bulan, tahun) enclosed area
On : waktu (tanggal, hari) surface area
At : specific time (jam) specific address
Different from, concern about, accordance with, related to, deal
with,
17. z
Several, some, many (jamak, bisa dihitung)
Much, amount, (uncountable)
18. z
STRUCTURE
PRONOUN/SINGULAR-PLURAL/COUNTABLE-
UNCOUNTABLE)
Pronoun
Before children are able to speak or
A
understand language, them
B
communicate through facial
C
expressions and by making noises.
D
Singular-plural
The Conestoga wagon, used to carry
A
heavy loads over long distances, was
B
popular in 1725 in some region of
C
Pennsylvania occupied by the Conestoga
D
Indians.
Countable-uncountable
Taking good care of any is
A
equipments one of the ways to
B C
save your expenses.
D