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Sistemi di elaborazione
A.A 2014/2015
Forwarding Unit
Di Gruttola Carmine
Miranda Ciro
Hazard
• Hazard strutturali
• Hazard sui dati
• La Forwarding Unit si inserisce in questo contesto
• Hazard sul controllo
Hazard sui dati
• Una o più istruzioni potrebbero richiedere un dato che non è stato
calcolato da una istruzione precedente
sub $r2, $r1, $r3
and $r12, $r2, $r5
or $r13, $r6, $r2
Hazard sui dati
• Conseguenze:
• Stalli nella pipeline
• Ritardi troppo lunghi
• Soluzione:
• Reordering
• Forwarding
Forwarding
• Non è necessario aspettare che l’istruzione sia terminata
• Appena il risultato è pronto, può essere utilizzato come operando
• È possibile realizzare un circuito di bypassing
• Preleva i dati mancanti non appena vengono creati anziché dal register file
• L’unità preposta al bypassing è la Forwarding Unit
Forwarding Unit
Forwarding Unit
• ALU_Src_Sel_1, ALU_Src_Sel_2, ALU_Src_Sel_3 assumono i seguenti
valori
Codice Significato
00 Operando preso dal register file
01 Valore propagato dal registro destinazione della fase ME
10 Valore propagato dal registro destinazione della fase WB
Forwarding Unit
EX/MEM hazard
if (ME_WB_Control_Signal == 1 && ME_Destination == DE_OperandX)
then ALU_Src_Sel_X = 01
Forwarding Unit
MEM/WB hazard
if (WB_WB_Control_Signal ==1 && WB_Destination == DE_OperandX)
&& (ME_Destination != DE_OperandX || ME_WB_Control_Signal == 0)
then ALU_Src_Sel_X = 10
Forwarding Unit
if (WB_WB_Control_Signal ==1 && WB_Destination == DE_OperandX)
&& (ME_Destination != DE_OperandX || ME_WB_Control_Signal == 0)
then ALU_Src_Sel_X = 10
else if (ME_WB_Control_Signal ==1
&& ME_Destination == DE_OperandX)
then ALU_Src_Sel_X = 01
else
ALU_Src_Sel_X = 00
MEM/WB hazard
EX/MEM hazard
Register Value
Forwarding Unit
Forwarding Unit
Forwarding Unit – No hazard
0
0
0
0
0 0
Forwarding Unit - EX/MEM hazard
1
0
1
1
0
0
0 1
Forwarding Unit - MEM/WB hazard
1
0
1
1
0
1
1 0
Forwarding Unit

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Forwarding Unit

  • 1. Sistemi di elaborazione A.A 2014/2015 Forwarding Unit Di Gruttola Carmine Miranda Ciro
  • 2. Hazard • Hazard strutturali • Hazard sui dati • La Forwarding Unit si inserisce in questo contesto • Hazard sul controllo
  • 3. Hazard sui dati • Una o più istruzioni potrebbero richiedere un dato che non è stato calcolato da una istruzione precedente sub $r2, $r1, $r3 and $r12, $r2, $r5 or $r13, $r6, $r2
  • 4. Hazard sui dati • Conseguenze: • Stalli nella pipeline • Ritardi troppo lunghi • Soluzione: • Reordering • Forwarding
  • 5. Forwarding • Non è necessario aspettare che l’istruzione sia terminata • Appena il risultato è pronto, può essere utilizzato come operando • È possibile realizzare un circuito di bypassing • Preleva i dati mancanti non appena vengono creati anziché dal register file • L’unità preposta al bypassing è la Forwarding Unit
  • 7. Forwarding Unit • ALU_Src_Sel_1, ALU_Src_Sel_2, ALU_Src_Sel_3 assumono i seguenti valori Codice Significato 00 Operando preso dal register file 01 Valore propagato dal registro destinazione della fase ME 10 Valore propagato dal registro destinazione della fase WB
  • 8. Forwarding Unit EX/MEM hazard if (ME_WB_Control_Signal == 1 && ME_Destination == DE_OperandX) then ALU_Src_Sel_X = 01
  • 9. Forwarding Unit MEM/WB hazard if (WB_WB_Control_Signal ==1 && WB_Destination == DE_OperandX) && (ME_Destination != DE_OperandX || ME_WB_Control_Signal == 0) then ALU_Src_Sel_X = 10
  • 10. Forwarding Unit if (WB_WB_Control_Signal ==1 && WB_Destination == DE_OperandX) && (ME_Destination != DE_OperandX || ME_WB_Control_Signal == 0) then ALU_Src_Sel_X = 10 else if (ME_WB_Control_Signal ==1 && ME_Destination == DE_OperandX) then ALU_Src_Sel_X = 01 else ALU_Src_Sel_X = 00 MEM/WB hazard EX/MEM hazard Register Value
  • 13. Forwarding Unit – No hazard 0 0 0 0 0 0
  • 14. Forwarding Unit - EX/MEM hazard 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1
  • 15. Forwarding Unit - MEM/WB hazard 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0