26. Mrs. Mare (1928): ” Woman worked in the field too.
Those who had small children, would go home to feed
them. And than they would came back to finish the
work. And the children helped too.”
In the past, the family had much more children than it is today, and under the same roof lived several generations. These were usually the father and the mother with the children and their families.
Most people lived in small houses which had only two rooms, one with a fireplace for staying (living) and the other for sleeping. But there were also wealthy famil ies who built a large house with a cellar, Kuzin, living room and a several bed rooms. On the ground floor there was a cellar and upstairs living room and bedrooms.
The compact seaside settlements such as Pučišća due to lack of space have been building houses in height. The Pražnica and G. Humac is more space so they did not build high-rises, and they had larger yards. The room with the fireplace was separated from the rest of the house, and in compact settlements fire place was in top floor to smoke freely able to go out through the roof.
Some houses had their own yard and some houses shared yard with several houses. Shared yard s is often found in compact settlements. In the warm time of year most of house work was done in the yard. Yard was place for gathering with stone benches in the shade of a mulberry tree.
Wine cellar on the ground floor had small holes in it so it was dark and cool, the appropriate place for storing olive oil, wine, dried meat, cheese ...
In the wine cellar man were making wine and kept it in the barrels
Olive oil was kept in the stone containers, votka and prosecco were kept in
In the basement paesant kept his tools
Hearth was a room for cooking and a room where family was gathering. I n ancient times fire place was on the floor and later it was built higher and the room got the chimney . On the fireplace housewifes cooked in black pot, and baked on a spit, grilled or baked.
In later times kitchen is separated from the hearth . In old hoses we found stone sink whwrw housewifes were washing dishes and narrow green banches on which few people could sit together.
Pronašli smo različite kredence, manje i veće, starije i novije, očuvane i zapuštene. Većina ih ima jedan stakleni vidljivi dio gdje su se slagale šalice i koji je bio ukrašen čipkom mierlićen i zatvoreni dio gdje se stavljalo veće posuđe.
Starije kuće često su imale rupe (niše) u zidovima koje su služile kao police, a žene bi ponekad pokrile policu zavjesom kao na gornjoj slici. U kužini se moglo pronaći raznih stvari koje su služile u kućanstvu kao što su sita, mlinci i slično. In the kitchen we could find diferent
Veće kuće imale su tinel na katu koji je bio glavna kućna prostorija. Tinel je bio blagovaona i mjesto dnevnog boravka sa stolom, kredencama i kaučem. Larger houses had living room on the first floor wich was the main room.
Pregradni zidovi u unutrašnjosti kuće radili su se od dasaka i brnistre a onda premazivali žbukom. I nside walls were made of boards and aspalathos and then co vered with plaster.
U Pražnicama smo pronašli nekoliko primjera pregradnih zidova od velikih dasaka, bez brnistre i žbuke. We found some partition walls made just of boards.
Podovi su bili drveni. Prvo bi se postavile velike drvene grede na koje su se onda slagale daske. U drvene grede zabili bi brokvu i onda bi mogli objesiti feral ili nešto drugo. Houses had wooden floors made of boards which always made noise.
Bedrooms were diferent sizes. Members of a poor families slept all together in the same bedroom. Wealthy families had 2 or 3 rooms.
The main piece of furniture was chest. We distinguish two different types, flat and rounded cover . All the clothes and property were stored in a chest.
Osim bavula u sobama se nalazio i noćni ormarić kantunol, ormar i komo. I n the room there were also wardrobe and commode.
Posteljina je kod nekih bila skromnije a kod nekih bogatije izrađena ali uvijek su lancuni bili bijele boje. U većini soba iznad bračnog kreveta nalazila se slika bračnog para. Beds were always covered with white blankets. In majority of rooms there was always picture of a married couple above the bed.
nakon buđenja umili bi se, počešljali i krenuli u novi radni dan
Zahodi su se nalazili van kuće, obično negdje u vrtu jer nije postojao sustav kanalizacije. Toillets were outside the house , usually somewhere in the garden.
U gradovima nisu imali vrt nego su imali posude koji bi praznili i čistili. Vrlo su rijetki primjeri gospojskih školjki kakvu smo vidjeli u muzeju grada Splita. Ova kadica se možda čini teškom,ali je zapravo vrlo lagana kako bi se mogla lakše prenositi. Također nije bila česta u domovima.
Dok,još nije postojala električna energija, ljudi su svoje domove osvjetljavali mutama, feralima i lampionima. Mute su bile svijeće u limenoj posudi s maslinovim uljem. While there was no electrical power, people used feralls and lamps.
Vodu se kalalo iz gustirni koje su najčešće imale bucol u dvorištu. Ponekad bi ostali bez vode pa bi išli na dunpj po vodu.
Women spent most of the time in housework. She cooked, cleaned, took care of children and for older members of family. Most of the households had garden, chickens, goats which was also taken care by women.
Clothes was washed on bord with the soap made of some flowers or animal fat. For washing dishes they used ashes and warm water.
muškarci su radili u polju, uzgajali su masline, vinovu lozu, krumpire, kupus i drugo povrće i voće. Sadili su sve ono što im je trebalo za život a ako bi bilo viška onda bi prodali. Velik broj ih se bavio stočarstvom, uglavnom su uzgajali ovce i koze. Od ovaca su dobivali mlijeko, vunu, meso i sir. Man worked in the field. They planted olive, grapes, patoteos, cabbage and other fruit and vegetables. They were also stočari, they had sheeps and goats.
Stoljećima je tovar pomagao dalmatinskom težaku nositi teret iz polja. Bilo je tu i mazgi nešto manje konja ali je tovar bio najvažnija životinja. Tko je imao konja magao je brže doći na odredište.
Neki su radili u kamenolomu što je u prošla vremena kada su se blokovi ručno cijepali od brda bilo izuzetno težak posao. Some workwd in the quarry which was very hard in the past when there was no mashines.
Djeca su odrastala na sasvim drugačiji način nego danas. Nisu imali igračaka pa su ih često sami izrađivali od dostupnih materijala. Izrađivali su lutke od starih krpa, vune ili drugih materijala. Mnogo su vremena provodili u zajedničkoj igri na otvorenom, na putevima ispred kuća, igrajući se šiškama, na buće... Već od šeste godine su pomagali roditeljima u polju. Išli su i u pučku školu, netko više razreda, netko manje, koliko je tko Growing up was very diferent than today. They spent most of the time playing outside and at the age of six they started to help their parent working in the field. They didnt have toys so they made them by themselves using materials that was available to them, like sheets, stone, wool…
Od odjeće imali su odjeću za svaki dan i svečanu odjeću za posebne prigode kao što su blagdani, vjenčanja i slično. Odjeća za svaki dan nosila bi se dok god se u potpunosti ne pokida. They wore everyday clothes and one for special occasions like holidays, weddings and similar. Everyday clothes was worn until it was totaly ruined.
Žene su uređivale kosu tako što su plele pletenice koje su omatale na potiljku. Udane žene su glavu pokrivale maramama,a djevojka spremna za udaju obukla bi prsluk obložen kovanicama čime bi momcima dala do znanja da je spremna za udaju.
U najstarija vremena ljudi su izrađivali kožne opanke koji su dobro prijanjali na kamenje na našem kršu. In ancient times people wore leader shoes which fit good on the stone area.
Nakit je kao i danas bio vrlo drag i vrijedan ukras.
Iz polja su tovari i mazge teglili vreće sa krumpirima koji su često bili na jelovniku. The older ones told us that they mostly ate beans and palent. Actualy they ate what they had in garden or in field, season fruit and vegetables. In garden they grew cabage, lettuce, tomatos, carrots and orhet vegetables.
Meso od ovaca i koza su jeli uglavnom svježe a nešto bi se mesa i osušilo. Nije bilo frižidera pa su hranu uglavnom jeli odmah ili bi nekad meso objesili u gustirnu gdje je bilo svježe. Za večeru su često jeli zelje i jaje utvrdo. Kruh su pekli u krušnim pećima a od kolača pravili su hrustule i pršurate. Iza ručka popili bi bevandu. They usually ate fresh meet and a part of it they would dry. There was no frige so they ate it immidiatly or it was conservated it by hanging it inside the dwale.
Na projektu radili Lana Martinić, Nikol Martinić, Ivana…
