This is about Pharmacological advances in canine and feline reproduction

1. Pharmacologic Advances in
Canine & Feline Reproduction

2. Vaccination During Pregnancy
Limited information
Category C
Used to immunization of animal

3. Vaccines:
Modified Live Vaccines
Killed Vaccine

4. Should we use vaccine during
pregnancy?
Yes No
Both
Why?

5. Timing of Vaccination During Pregnancy
Two (2) weeks before whelping because vaccine takes 2-4
weeks ( App.) to produce maternal antibodies and it may pass to
neonates via mother colostrums at 1st 24 hrs after whelping.
Notes:
If vaccine gives late pregnancy, that high level of maternal antibody
may persist upto 12-14 wks of neonates body
Neonate Vaccination should be give every 3-4 wks interval upto 15-16
wks

6. Different types of common post partum
Abnormalities
Agalactia/ Galactostasia
Mastitis
Metritis etc

7. Agalactia/ Galactostasis
Failure of secretion of milk from any cause other than normal
ending of the lactation period
Cause:
Inadequate nursing by neonates
Stress by post C-section operation ( Elevation of epinephrine
that decrease the release of oxytocin )
Clinical Management:
Acepromazine @ 0.1-0.2 mg/kg SC
Metoclopramide @ 0.1-0.2 mg/kg SC / IM
Oxytocin @ 0.5 – 1.0 IM SC in every 30 minutes

8. Mastitis
Etiology and Risk Factors:
Agalactia
Late pregnancy
Pseudopregnancy
E.coli
Staphyolococcus aureus
Type G Streptococcus
Beta hemolytic E. coli
Clinical Management:
Oral antibiotics administered that can penetrate and concentrate into milk.
Chephalosporin, Amoxicillin- clavulanate, macrolides can be used.
Becareful with fluoroquinolones , tetracyclinies and chloramphenicol.
Use fluid therapy to reduce hemotoxicity by organism.
For Gram Negative Bacteria ( Enrofloxacin, ceotaxime, aminoglycosides)
For Gram Positive Bacteria ( Use Ampicillin, oxacillin, cefazolinetc)
For Anaerobes ( Use Ampicillin, Metronidazole etc)
Cabergoline @ 5 microgram?kg daily for 5-7 days.

9. Metritis
Drug of choice:
For severe sick animals we can choice aminoglycocides ,
fluroquinolones, 3rd generation cephalosporins , ampicillins etc
If dam nursing the we should use ampicillin, amoxicillin, cefazolin or
cllavulanic acids.
Intravenous fluids
Hormonal Therapy:
Oxytocin @ 0,25-1,0 IU in Bitch and Queens , IM ( Within 24 hrs of
parturition )
Prostaglandins @0.1 – 0.2 mg/kg B.W SC or, Cloprostenol @ 1-2
microgram/kg SC every 12-24 hrs to effect.

10. Male Infertility
Cryptorchidism
Azoospermia
Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy
Bacterial Prostatitis
Prostatic Neoplasia

11. Cryptorchidism
Types:
Bilateral Cryptorchidism
Unilateral Cryptorchidism
Clinical Management:
Castration

12. Azoospermia
Etiology:
Endocrine disturbances
Cryptorchidism
Intersex
Testicular hypoplasia
Elevated testicular temperature
Prolonged hyperthermia
Neoplasia
Clinical Management:
Treatment with PGF2@ ( 0.1 mg/kg SC) administered 15
minutes before semen collection

13. Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy
Age related
Male dogs having 5 yrs that may have more than 80% of BPH
BPH affected male dog can have sanguineous fluids dipping from
urethra and may have hematuria & hemospermia
Clinical Management:
GnRh agonist ( Deslorelin) @ 0.5-1.0 mg/kg B.W

14. Bacterial Prostatitis
Common in Aged Dog
Rare in castrated Dog
Etiology:
Assending infection of various microbes such as E.coli , Streptococcus,
Staphylococcus, proteus, Pseudomonus spp. , Brucella canis, Mycoplasma etc
How to diagnose ?
Painful ejaculation
Hematuria
Pyurea
Leucocytosis in ejaculate
Bacteriurea in urine analysis

15. Drug choice ?
Should be cross the blood prostrate barrier and lipophilic
agents
Acute Prostatitis :
Inflammation ocurs to alter the blood prostrate barrier
Chronic Prostatitis:
Highly lipophilic agent like enrofloxacin, micronides, TMS ( Trimethoprim Surfer
Drugs) etc
Antibiotic therapy should be continue 2-4 wkss