The document summarizes the structure and cellular composition of hepatic tissue. It describes how the liver is organized into hexagonal lobules surrounding a central venule, with hepatocyte plates radiating outward between sinusoids. The sinusoids are lined with endothelial and Kupffer cells and allow for blood and bile flow. Bile flows toward portal triads at the periphery while blood drains into the central venule and exits the liver.

9.  Historically, hepatic tissue is modeled as
hexagon-shaped lobules surrounding central
venules (aka, centralobular venules). The area
of the lobule is bound by the peripheral
portal triads.
 The liver tissue comprises rows, aka, plates,
of hepatocytes radiating from the central
venule
 Between the plates, sinusoids provide
passage for blood and bile.

11.  Portal triads, aka, portal tracts, lie at the
periphery, with the smaller vessels
connecting them.
 Hepatocytes are epithelial cells with round
nuclei; they are often binucleate, and, in
some histological samples, glycogen granules
are visible in the cytoplasm. The hepatocytes
directly encircling the central venule are the
limiting plate hepatocytes.
 Bile canaliculi facilitate bile passage between
adjacent hepatocytes.

13.  Sinusoids run between plates of hepatocytes;
are lined by fenestrated endothelial cells,
which allow molecules, including bile, to pass
from the tissue to the lumen
 Kupffer cells, which are macrophages that
remove expired red blood cells and other
debris, are also present in sinusoid lining
 Reticular fibers also line the sinusoids and
form a supporting network for the liver
tissues.

14.  Bile flows towards the peripheral portal triad,
enter hepatic ducts and exit the liver.
 Arterial and venous blood flows towards the
central venule; Filtered, deoxygenated blood
drains to the hepatic veins and to the inferior
vena cava to re-enter general circulation