This document discusses drones and cybersecurity. It begins by defining different types of drones and how they are referred to. It then outlines various uses of drones today, such as aerial photography and infrastructure monitoring. The document also discusses challenges in the drone industry, including public acceptance, standards and certifications, technology issues, legal concerns, liability and insurance, and cybersecurity threats like hacking. It describes different systems being developed to protect drones from hackers and intercept rogue drones, as well as the need for drone geofencing and ensuring privacy of data collected. The document advocates for the creation of a European legal framework to help leverage the economic potential of drones while prioritizing safety, security, and contingency planning.

1. 01/12/2015
1
Copyright © 2015 DRONEMATRIX
Ronny Kenens
ronny.k@dronematrix.
eu
CYBERSECURITY & DRONES
November 4, 2015
Copyright © 2015 DRONEMATRIX
Topics
• Drones … what’s in the name ?
• Different type of Drones
• Where are Drones used today ?
• Challenges in the Drone world
• What about Cybersecurity
• Closing statements

2. 01/12/2015
2
Copyright © 2015 DRONEMATRIX
Copyright © 2015 DRONEMATRIX
”Drones mischaracterize what these things are,
they not dumb, not unmanned, they remotely piloted
aircrafts.”
General Norton Schwartz
Chief of Staff of the U.S. Air Force
Augustus 10, 2012

3. 01/12/2015
3
Copyright © 2015 DRONEMATRIX
What’s in the name ?
• Drone
• Unmanned Aerial Vehicle UAV
• Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle UAV
• Unmanned Aerial System UAS
• Remotely Piloted Vehicle RPV
• Remotely Piloted Aircraft RPA
• Remotely Piloted Aircraft System RPAS
• Remotely Operated Air Vehicles ROAV
• Micro Aerial Vehicle MAV
• Drone / UAV
Copyright © 2015 DRONEMATRIX
Different type of UAVs
Scope UAVs related to mass

4. 01/12/2015
4
Copyright © 2015 DRONEMATRIX
Public Perception = Overall confusion
Not true
Not true
Not true
Not true
Not true
Not true
Not true
Not true
Drone are bad
Drones are only used in the army
Drones are always unmanned
Drones are dangerous
Drones are uncontrolled projectiles
Drones are not safe
Drones are useless for citizens
Drones are useless for business
Bottom-line:
• Use DRONES the way they have to be USED
• Technology maturity opens a lot of opportunities
• Drone market is in take-off mode and growing steadily
Copyright © 2015 DRONEMATRIX
‘Computers do things more precisely and
faster than humans … ‘
… but we need humans to
deal with uncertainty. “
"People are running around,
relying on intuition, and
accidents happen.
I want to make that go more
smoothly.“
Prof. Mary (Missy) Cummings
- 1e female US Navy F18 fighter jet pilot, landing on aircraft carriers (1988-1999)
- Professor Aeronautics & Astronautics at MIT Univ. USA

5. 01/12/2015
5
Copyright © 2015 DRONEMATRIX
Drone Playing fields
SoftwareGround controlAircraft Avionics Payloads
Copyright © 2015 DRONEMATRIX
DRONE Flight Safety IS KEY !
• Sense & Avoid
– On-board Collision Avoidance / CAS
– Collaborative Collision Avoidance / ITS
• Dual Operator Control
• Propeller protection
• Drone Parachute

6. 01/12/2015
6
Copyright © 2015 DRONEMATRIX
Aerial Photography Pipe/Power line Surveillance
Real-estate Mapping Border Surveillance
Transport Crowd Control
Suspect Tracking Mail/Fright Transport
Traffic Monitoring Agricultural Applications
Disaster Response/Relief Movie Productions
Damage Assessment Sporting Event Coverage
Infrastructure Monitoring Mining detection
Fertilizer Management Fishery Control
Overview where Drones are used today ?
Copyright © 2015 DRONEMATRIX
Drones - Industrial
Oil and gas off-shore inspections
• Scandinavia, Middle East, Asia, US, ….

7. 01/12/2015
7
Copyright © 2015 DRONEMATRIX
“Insect mapping” and extermination (multi-spectral and thermal imaging)
Drones – Agriculture
“Weed Mapping” in maize Fields (via color–infrared composition imaging)
Copyright © 2015 DRONEMATRIX
Drones – Medical
Ambulance Drone Delivers Defibrillator
Alec Mormot
graduate industrial design
TU Delft University

8. 01/12/2015
8
Copyright © 2015 DRONEMATRIX
Drones – Logistics
Delivery
Inspection & control
Copyright © 2015 DRONEMATRIX
Drones – Security
• Human controlled drone
• Tethered drone
• Autonomous drones in docking station

9. 01/12/2015
9
Copyright © 2015 DRONEMATRIX
Challenges in the Drone world
• Public Acceptance / Safety
• Standards/Certifications
– Drone certification
– Pilot Training
– Flight planning platform
• Technology:
– Battery life time
– Sense & avoid
• Legal
– Integration in existing aviation
– Data privacy
• Liability and Insurance
– Koen De Vos / European Commission: European Electronic ID
– Matthijs van Miltenburg / EP - D66 : European Chipregistration
• Cyber security
– Hijacking
• Spoofing
• Jamming
Copyright © 2015 DRONEMATRIX
Hijacking: Jamming & Spoofing
• Influence:
• pilot control signals
• GPS signals
Noise
False
signals

10. 01/12/2015
10
Copyright © 2015 DRONEMATRIX
Protect drone against Hackers
• System-Aware Secure Sentinel to protect Military drones
• When the system detects “illogical drone behaviors” actions are initiated:
• automated recovery process activated
• alert to operators
Copyright © 2015 DRONEMATRIX
Drone Interceptor
• 2014: 12 French nuclear plants were buzzed by drones
• 2014: drone crashed on the White House
• 2015: drone carrying radioactive sand landed on roof of Japanese prime minister’s office
in Tokyo
• 2015: drones spotted hovering near the Eiffel tower
• 2015: drone tried to fly (full of drugs + screwdriver + mobile phone) into a British prison

11. 01/12/2015
11
Copyright © 2015 DRONEMATRIX
Anti-UAV Defence System (AUDS)
• AUDS can detect, track, classify potentially malicious UAVs (up to 8km)
• Combination of 3 systems:
– electronic-scanning radar target detection
– electro-optic tracking and classification
– directional RF disrupt/inhibit capabilities
EO Tracker &
RF Disruptor
Air Security Radar
Copyright © 2015 DRONEMATRIX
Anti-UAV beam gun
• Small, portable, accurate, rapid-to-use UAV counter-weapon
• Uses radio beam to jam the drone control systems and stop it
• Weapon is a “non-kinetic solution” (=without firing a bullet)

12. 01/12/2015
12
Copyright © 2015 DRONEMATRIX
Drone Geofencing
• NO-FLY ZONES
• Drone manufacturers install safeguards in
the drone’ software to keep the drone
away from:
• airports Civ./Mil.
• airliners
• emergency response crews
• Large bridges
• ….
Integrated Airspace
Copyright © 2015 DRONEMATRIX
Privacy / Data Privacy
• Make image / store image
• Legal framework for specific activities:
– Ex. Security companies

13. 01/12/2015
13
Copyright © 2015 DRONEMATRIX
Closing Statements
• Drones are here to stay !
• Countries with more relaxed UAV laws will leverage the drone economy
• Need for a European legal framework
• Fastest growing sectors:
– agricultural, security & surveillance, transport & logistics
• Technology can accelerate drone acceptance and market development
– Battery - Increase flight autonomy
– Sense & avoid
• Safety, security and solid contingency plans are a must.
– Sense & avoid
– Unique ELECTRONIC ID for each drone
• Effective DRONE CYBERSECURITY requires a real system-engineering approach,
not just IT
Copyright © 2015 DRONEMATRIX
But as Peter Drucker said :
“The best way to predict the future is to create it.”
Copyright© 2015 - A N S E C U R - RiskMatrixResultantsGroup
Ronny Kenens
ronny.k@dronematrix.eu

14. 01/12/2015
14
Copyright © 2015 DRONEMATRIX
European Drone Convention 2016
Drones for Security Services
• Organised by:
– EUKA : Europea UAV Drones Knowladge Area
– CoESS : Conferation of European Security Services
• Date : June 2016
• Place: Brussels or Strasbourg