4. Chapter 2 Verse 1
sañjaya uvāca
taṁ tathā kṛpayāviṣṭam
aśru-pūrṇākulekṣaṇam
viṣīdantam idaṁ vākyam
uvāca madhusūdanaḥ
Translation
Sañjaya said: Seeing Arjuna full of compassion,
his mind depressed, his eyes full of tears,
Madhusūdana, Kṛṣṇa, spoke the following
words.
5. Summary– Chapter1
Compassion Enjoyment
Destruction
of Family
Saintliness
and fear of
sinful
reactions
BG 2.6
Indecision
Arjuna's reasons for not
wishing to fight
Observing the
Armies
Arjuna
surrenders to
Lord Krsna
Chapter 2
Lord Krsna
reveals
Transcendental
Knowledge
6. Chapter2-Sections
2.1 to 2.10 Arjuna’s indecision and accepting Lord Krsna
as his Guru
2.11 to 2.30 Jnana/Sankaya Yoga – Analysis of body and
soul (matter and spirit)
2.31 to 2.38 Sakama Karma Yoga – Performing prescribed
duty gives enjoyment
2.39to2.53 Niskama Karma Yoga or Budhi Yoga –
Dettached work without reactions
2.54to2.72 Stitha prajna – The qualities of a liberated soul
(Jivan Mukta)
sāṅkhya-yogaḥsarva-gītārtha-sūtraṇam
7. Summary- Section - A
Arjuna's furtherdoubts& hissurrender
1-10 After Arjuna continues to express his doubts about
fighting, he surrenders to Krsna for instruction.
Verse2.1 to 2.10
8. Text – 1
SeeingArjunadepressedLordKrsnathusspoke….
Real Self
(Eternal
Soul)
Material
Compassion
Lamentation
Tears
signs of
ignorance
Self
Realization
Compassion
• Compassion for the dressof adrowning manis senseless(Sudra)
• Real Compassion meansCompassion for the Eternal Soul, (SelfRealization)
• Madhusudana :Killer of DemonMadhu.
• Lord Krsna is addressedasMadhusudana, expected to kill Arjunadoubts(demons)
Chapter2discusses:
Self
Realization
Analytical
Study
Soul
Material
Body
Lord
Krsna
Explained by
Analogy–SavingDressofDrowningMan
Material
Compassion
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14. The World in Three
sentences
1.People spend money they
don’t have
2.To buy things they
don’t need
3.And to impress people they
don’t like
15.
16.
17. Chapter 2 Verse 2
Śrī-Bhagavān Uvāca
Kutas tvā kaśmalam idaṁ
Viṣame samupasthitam
anārya-juṣṭam asvargyam
akīrti-karam arjuna
Translation
The Supreme Personality of Godhead said: My
dear Arjuna, how have these impurities come
upon you? They are not at all befitting a man
who knows the value of life. They lead not to
higher planets but to infamy.
18. Text – 2
LordKrsna(Sri-Bhagavan)spoke,wherefromimpurities
comeuponyou(Arjuna)?
Brahman
Lord
Krsna
Absolute
Truth
The Supreme
Personality of
Godhead
Paramatma
Bhagavan
Realized
a
s
SB1
.
2
.
1
1
All Fame
All Strength
All Beauty
All Knowledge
All Renunciation
Parāśara
Muni
Arjuna
Aryan
Aryan, whoknowvalue oflife
basedon Spiritual Realization
•Non-Aryans :No Knowledge of liberation from
bondageof Material Life.
•Arjuna is deviating from performing his dutyas
Kstriya.
•Such deviation, will stop progressingin
Spiritual Life and becomeinfamous.
• Lord Krsna condemns such non-aryanbehavior
.
Analogy-Sun
impersonal all-
pervasive
Spirit. (Sunshine)
Sunshine-Brahman
localized aspect,
in heart of all
living entities.
(Sun’sSurface)
SunSurface
Paramatma
Personal featureof
Lord.(Sun Planet)
All Riches
Sun
Planet
Bhagav
an
19. ŚB 1.2.11
वदन्ति तत्तत्त्वववदस्तत्त्वं यज्ज्ञानमद्वयम् ।
ब्रह्मेवत परमात्मेवत भगवावनवत शब्द्यते ॥ ११ ॥
vadanti tat tattva-vidas
tattvaṁ yaj jñānam advayam
brahmeti paramātmeti
bhagavān iti śabdyate
Translation
Learned transcendentalists who know the
Absolute Truth call this nondual
substance Brahman, Paramātmā or
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40. Chapter 2 Verse 2
klaibyaṁ mā sma gamaḥ pārtha
naitat tvayy upapadyate
kṣudraṁ hṛdaya-daurbalyaṁ
tyaktvottiṣṭha paran-tapa
Translation
O son of Pṛthā, do not yield to this degrading
impotence. It does not become you. Give up
such petty weakness of heart and arise, O
chastiser of the enemy.
62. Chapter 2 Verse 4
arjuna uvāca
kathaṁ bhīṣmam ahaṁ saṅkhye
droṇaṁ ca madhusūdana
iṣubhiḥ pratiyotsyāmi
pūjārhāv ari-sūdana
Translation
Arjuna said: O killer of enemies, O killer of
Madhu, how can I counterattack with arrows in
battle men like Bhīṣma and Droṇa, who are
worthy of my worship?.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67. SPIRITUALITY IS ALL ABOUT
DIRECTING OUR EMOTIONS TO
THE RIGHT PERSON
AND
THE RIGHT PERSON IS THE
SUPREME PERSONALITY OF
GODHEAD!
68. Chapter 2 Verse 7
kārpaṇya-doṣopahata-svabhāvaḥ
pṛcchāmi tvāṁ dharma-sammūḍha-
cetāḥ
yac chreyaḥ syān niścitaṁ brūhi tan
me
śiṣyas te ’haṁ śādhi māṁ tvāṁ
prapannam
Translation
Now I am confused about my duty and have
lost all composure because of miserly
weakness. In this condition I am asking You to
tell me for certain what is best for me. Now I
am Your disciple, and a soul surrendered unto
You. Please instruct me.
69. TWO RULES
FAILURE SHOULD NEVER
GO SHOULD TO THE
HEART – DEPRESSION
SUCCESS SHOULD NEVER
GO TO THE HEAD – EGO
70.
71.
72.
73. BLESSED ARE THE HUMBLE
BECAUSE THEY SHALL
INHERIT THE KINGDOM OF
GOD!
Jesus Christ
THANK YOU LORD FOR KEEPING THIS
KNOWLEDGE SECRET TO THE LEARNED
& WISE AND REVEALING THIS TO THE
MEEK AND HUMBLE!
84. saḿsāra-dāvānala-līḍ
ha-loka-
trāṇ
āya kāruṇ
ya-ghanāghanatvam
prāptasya kalyāṇ
a-guṇ
ārṇ
avasya
vande guroḥśrī-caraṇ
āravindam
The spiritual master is receiving benediction from
the ocean of mercy. Just as a cloud pours water on a
forest fire to extinguish it, so the spiritual master
delivers the materially afflicted world by
extinguishing the blazing fire of material existence.
I offer my respectful obeisances unto the lotus feet
of such a spiritual master, who is an ocean of
auspicious qualities.
85.
86.
87. Chapter 2 Verse 8
na hi prapaśyāmi mamāpanudyād
yac chokam ucchoṣaṇam indriyāṇām
avāpya bhūmāv asapatnam ṛddhaṁ
rājyaṁ surāṇām api cādhipatyam
I can find no means to drive away this grief which is
drying up my senses. I will not be able to dispel it
even if I win a prosperous, unrivaled kingdom on
earth with sovereignty like the demigods in heaven.
88. Chapter 2 Verse 8
na hi prapaśyāmi mamāpanudyād
yac chokam ucchoṣaṇam indriyāṇām
avāpya bhūmāv asapatnam ṛddhaṁ
rājyaṁ surāṇām api cādhipatyam
I can find no means to drive away this grief which is
drying up my senses. I will not be able to dispel it
even if I win a prosperous, unrivaled kingdom on
earth with sovereignty like the demigods in heaven.
89.
90.
91. Chapter 2 Verse 9
sañjaya uvāca
evam uktvā hṛṣīkeśaṁ
guḍākeśaḥ paran-tapaḥ
na yotsya iti govindam
uktvā tūṣṇīṁ babhūva ha
Sañjaya said: Having spoken thus,
Arjuna, chastiser of enemies, told
Kṛṣṇa, “Govinda, I shall not fight,” and
fell silent.
92. Chapter 2 Verse 10
tam uvāca hṛṣīkeśaḥ
prahasann iva bhārata
senayor ubhayor madhye
viṣīdantam idaṁ vacaḥ
O descendant of Bharata, at that time
Kṛṣṇa, smiling, in the midst of both
the armies, spoke the following
words to the grief-stricken Arjuna.
93.
94.
95.
96.
97.
98.
99. brahmāṇḍa bhramite kona bhāgyavān
jīva
guru-kṛṣṇa-prasāde pāya bhakti-latā-
bīja
“According to their karma, all living entities are
wandering throughout the entire universe. Some of
them are being elevated to the upper planetary
systems, and some are going down into the lower
planetary systems. Out of many millions of wandering
living entities, one who is very fortunate gets an
opportunity to associate with a bona fide spiritual
master by the grace of Kṛṣṇa. By the mercy of both
Kṛṣṇa and the spiritual master, such a person
100.
101.
102. THE ROLE OF GURU
GURU TEACHES US SAP
GURU IS LIKE A MANGNET
GURU CONNECTS ONE TO KRISHNA
GURU SOWS THE SEED OF BHAKTI IN ONE’S HEART
GURU IS THE ONE WHO GIVES DIRECTION IN OUR
LIVES
GURU IS THE ONE WHO GIVES NOURISHMENT IN OUR
111. CHAPTER 1 – Observing the Armies on the Battlefield of
Kuruksetra
D Dhritarashtra & Duryodhana
(1-12)
O Ominous result (13-20)
U Uncertainty (21-27)
B Bewilderment (28-30)
T Turning point (31-42)
112. CHAPTER 2 – CONTENTS OF GITA SUMMARISED
G URU (1-10)
I DENTIY (11-30)
T TWO DUTIES (31-53)
A ATMARAMA (54-72)
113. śrī-bhagavān uvāca
aśocyān anvaśocas tvaṁ
prajñā-vādāṁś ca bhāṣase
gatāsūn agatāsūṁś ca
nānuśocanti paṇḍitāḥ
Chapter 2 Verse 11
Translation
The Supreme Personality of Godhead said:
While speaking learned words, you are
mourning for what is not worthy of grief.
Those who are wise lament neither for the
living nor for the dead.
114.
115.
116.
117.
118.
119. na tv evāhaṁ jātu nāsaṁ
na tvaṁ neme janādhipāḥ
na caiva na bhaviṣyāmaḥ
sarve vayam ataḥ param
Chapter 2 Verse 12
Translation
Never was there a time when I did not exist,
nor you, nor all these kings; nor in the future
shall any of us cease to be.
132. nainaṁ chindanti śastrāṇi
nainaṁ dahati pāvakaḥ
na cainaṁ kledayanty āpo
na śoṣayati mārutaḥ
Chapter 2 Verse 23
Translation
The soul can never be cut to pieces by any
weapon, nor burned by fire, nor moistened by
water, nor withered by the wind.
133.
134.
135.
136.
137.
138.
139.
140. First 25 years – LEARN
Second 25 years – EARN
THIRD 25 years – RETURN
LAST 25 years – PLAN NEVER TO
RETURN
141. dehino ’smin yathā dehe
kaumāraṁ yauvanaṁ jarā
tathā dehāntara-prāptir
dhīras tatra na muhyati
Chapter 2 Verse 13
Translation
As the embodied soul continuously passes, in
this body, from boyhood to youth to old age,
the soul similarly passes into another body at
death. A sober person is not bewildered by
such a change.
142. As the emobided soul continuously passes in the body
dehino ’smin yathā dehe
from boyhood to youth old age
kaumāraṁ yauvanaṁ jarā
Similarly, the soul passes to another body at the time of death
tathā dehān tara-prāptir
A sober person is not bewildered by such a change
dhīras tatra na muhyati
BG 2.13 | HOW DOES THE SOUL CHANGE BODIES?
144. Krishna: “Soul is enternal, don’t
lament!”
“Arjuna: “Still, the body is related
to the soul, and relatives connected
to that body become dear. So when
their bodies perish, there will
certainly be lamentation.”
CONTEXT OF THE SHLOKA
145. Inevitable change of bodies
A Sober person’s reaction.
TWO ASPECTS OF THE SHLOKA
146. CHANGE OF BODY IS
NATURAL
Rejoice it – as one
gets a new body with
rejunavated energy.
Bhisma and Drona,
being noble souls, will
surely get spiritual
bodies or at least
heavenly bodies.
147. JOURNEY OF A SOUL FROM
BOYHOOD TO YOUTH TO OLDAGE
148. So, is a DHIRA
unaffected by death
of dear ones?
149.
150.
151.
152.
153.
154.
155.
156.
157.
158.
159.
160.
161.
162.
163.
164.
165.
166.
167.
168.
169.
170. Text – 5-7
5
6
ArjunacontinuestogivereasonsfornotFightingandFinallySurrenders.
•Arjuna thinks better to live in this world bybegging, rather than killing his T
eachers,
Grandfathers.
•Teacher whoengagesin an abominable action and haslost his senseof discriminationis
fit to beabandoned
•Bhisma and Drona wereobliged to take the side of Duryodhana becauseof hisfinancial
assistance.
• Arjuna thinks if theyarekilled, everything weenjoy will betainted with blood.
•Arjuna didn’t knew which is better
,conquering themor beingconquered by
them.
•Arjunadid not know whether heshould fight and risk unnecessary violence, although
fighting is the duty of the ksatriyas, or whether heshould refrain and live bybegging.
• Arjuna is confused about his duties & lost all composureb/cof miserly weakness,surrenders.
7
Material
Activities
Sourceof
Perplexities
(ForestFire)
Surrenderto
Bonafied
SpiritualMaster
By
Natures
way
Kripanas
Misers
Brahmanas
Self
Realization
Not
Intere
s
te
d Intere
s
te
d
SkinDisease
Overlyaffectionateto
Family,Society,Country,
Krsna
Original
Sp
iritua
l
Master
171. Text – 8-10
8
Arjuna’ssymptomsanddoubtscontinues& FinallydecidedHeshallnotFight…
•Symptoms& doubts :grief drying up sense.Not beable to dispel it even if he is prosperous,
unrivaled kingdomon earth with sovereignty like the demigodsin heaven
UnabletoResolve
withMaterial
Knowledge
Needsto
Surrenderto
SpiritualMaster
100%Bonafied
SpiritualMaster
Arjuna’s
Problems
Material
Problems
Birth,Death,Old
age,Disease
Krsna
Original
Sp
iritua
l
Master
Wealth
Economic
Development
Surrender
to
Bonafied
Spiritual
Master
Krsna
BG
SB
Cannot be
solved
only
DispelDoubts
and
Lamentations
(Perplexities)
9 •Arjuna said, Govinda, I shall notFight,
Till mydoubts areclear
.
•Krsna, smiled (prahasan) b/chis friend
hasnow becomehis disciple. Assumed the
role with gravity and thusspoke…
10
172. Summary- Section - B
Verse2.11 to 2.30
JNANA >
>
>Fight!thereisnodeathforthesoul
1
1
-
1
3
16-25
Deathistheeternalsoulchangingfromonebodyto
another;therefore,sincenosoulcandie,Arjuna
wouldnotbekilling.
1
4
-
1
5 Performanceofdutymustnotbeaffectedby
happinessanddistressarisingfromsense
perception.
26 Atheistic andMaterialistic theory.
27-30 The eternal, indestructible, immutable soul cannot
be killed and the temporary body cannot be saved.
Therefore fight.
174. Text – 12
LordKrsnaexplainstheScienceofSoul
12 Neverwasa
Time (Eternally)
Krsna
Arjuna
SpiritSoul
Kings
FollowingPointsareAddressed
1 SpiritSoul is Eternally Existing (Conditioned OR
Liberated)
2 SpiritSoul is individual (past, present, Future)
(Defeats MayavadiPhilosophy) (Conditioned OR Liberated)
3 Supreme Personality of Godhead Eternally
maintainingthe Jivas(soul) (Conditioned or
liberated Stage)
4 Lord Krsna is not under Maya,otherwise the
knowledge given by himis useless.
Mayavadi
Philosophy
Conditioned
State,
Coveredby
Maya
Liberated
State,Covering
ofMayais
removedand
mergeinto
Impersonal
Brahman
Analogy:BeeLickingoutsideHoneyJar
Mayavadi(Non-devotee)
explanation of BhagavadGita
is like bee licking honey
outside Jar,will never taste
actual nectar of Gita. Krsna
keeps the Jarclosed b/cof
their envious nature.
CaitanyaMahaprabhu-
Mayavadibhasyasunilehayasarvanasa
175. Text – 13
LordKrsnafurtherdescribestheSoul
13
Boyhood
Soul
Youth
Soul
OldAge
Soul
NewBody
Soul
Death
Learned
Mannot
bewildered
FollowingPointsareAddressed
1 Spirit Soul is Eternally never changing
2 Bodyis always changing (every second) boyhood, youth, old age,
there is no causeof lamentation.
3 Spirit soul gets next body based on the activities of the current body.
4 Arjuna should not lament for Bhismaor Dronasbody change asthey
will get nice basedon their current activities.
5 Dhira (Soberman) :Who perfectly knows individual Soul, Supersoul,
andnature both Material& Spiritual, neverbewildered by changesin
the body or death.
Analogy–ChangingDress(Body)
176. Text – 14-15
14
Happiness Distress
Appear
Disappear
Tolerate
without
being
disturbed
FollowingPointsareAddressed
1 In discharge of duty one has to tolerate happiness and distress which arise from sense perception.
2 Similarly Kshatriya has to fight with relatives in order to protect dharma.
3 Arjuna is called asKaunteya, Bharata:her is representing 2 greatdynasty (responsibility), he needs to
perform his prescribedduty to fight against irreligion
4 Examples : Women has to cook for family in heat, one has to take cold shower in the morning in winter.
TolerateHappiness& Distress(EligibilityforLiberation)
Key to
Bhagavad
Gita
Steadyin
both Eligible
For
Liberation
15
Non Permanent - Arise from sense perception
177. Text – 16-19
SoulNeverchanges,MaterialBodyAlwaysChange,Soulis indestructible
16
Material
Body
(Matter)
Never
Change
Always
Changes
FollowingPointsareAddressed
1 The Soul pervades the entire body andits indestructible.
2 Symptom of Soul is Consciousness, this consciousness is limited to ones own body (individual consciousness)
3 Size of Soul is one ten thousand the Tip of the Hair.
4 The Soul is situated in the region of heart and cannot be asserted by any material means b/c its Spiritual.
5 Soul is immeasurable (minute), Material body is sure to come to an end, there is no doubt, its matter of time,
assoon assoul leavesthe body, the body startsdecomposing. Arjuna thereforemust fight.
6 When someone is killed, body is killed, soul is eternalandhence cannot be slayed. When someonethinks he
has killed or is being killed is not in Knowledge. However this does not encourage killing others.
Soul
(Spirit)
Personalist
Impersonalist
Seersof
Truth
17
18
19
178. Text – 20-21
Soulisneitherbornnordies,unborn,eternal,ever-existingandprimeval
20
FollowingPointsareAddressed
1 The symptom of Soul is consciousness, even if we can’tfind soul physically in the region of heart, we can
understand/perceive by the symptom ie consciousness. Eg. Sun covered by Clouds.
2 Soul is full of eternal, full of Knowledge and blissful, Currently covered by its desire to enjoy separate from Krsna.
3 There are2 kinds of Soul minute particle soul (aṇu-atma) andthe Supersoul(vibhu-atma). The consciousnessof
Supersoul is different to that of particle soul. Supersoul knows about past, present and future all the time, where as
particle soul subjected to forgetfulness.
4 Violent hasits utility, ManuSamhita:Murderershould be killed otherwise will suffer in his next life. Similarly
fighting under direct order of Krsna is not Violence. Eg. Surgical operation is meant for curing not killing.
Soul
(Spirit)
Birth
Rem
ains
Grows
Produce
Offspring's
Dwindles
Dies
Transformatio
n of Body
Souldoesn’t
undergosuch
changes
Neithertakesbirth
Nor dies
Unbor
n
Eternal
Ever-existing
Primeval
NotSlainedwhenbodyisSlained
Indestructible
Immutable
21
Howcan
somebodykill
thesoulOR
causeanyoneto
Kill?
21
179. Text – 22
FollowingPointsareAddressed
1 Changing of body is compared to changing of garment, when it becomes old and
useless.
2 individual soul is transferred to another body by the Grace of Supersoul. The
Supersoul being a friend of the soul eternally fulfills the desire of the friend.
3 Arjuna is advised by Lord Krsna, not to lament for the changes of the body of
Bhismaand Drona since they will be cleansed from the reaction of all the
activities of the present body and will get fresh new body.
Soul
Presen
t
Body
Next
Body
Soul
Soulchangesbody,aspeoplechangedresses
22
Super
soul
Fulfillsthedesireoflivingentity
Analogy–ChangingDress
sameaschangingBody
Analogy–TwoBirdsona
tree,Soul,Supersoul
180. Text – 23
Soulcannotbecutbyweapon,burnedbyfire,witheredby
wind,moistenedbywater
23
FollowingPointsareAddressed
1 All kinds of weapons— swords, flame weapons, rain weapons, tornadoweapons, etc. — areunable to kill the
spirit soul becauseit spiritual.
2 individual souls areeternally parts andparcel of the SupremeSoul. Its not that the individual soul is cut from the
Supreme Soul.
3 When the individual soul is liberated, it does not merge into supersoul.
Cutby weapon MoistenedbyWater
Burnedby Fire WitheredbyWind
Soul
Eternal
Cannot be
destroyed
by
Analogy–SparksofFire
comparedtoSoul,separated
181. Text – 24-25
Soul,Morecharacteristics….
24
FollowingPointsareAddressed
1 Spirit soul is eternally the samesize andnever become homogenous.
2 Spirit Soul is (sarva-gatah) present everywhere ie earth, water, air, fire, even in the sun planet
3 Magnitude of Soul is very small, cannot be seenby Microscope, it should be understood from scriptures,
inconceivable by experimental knowledge. Repetition meansto understand matter thoroughly.
Eternal
Soul
unbreak
a
b
l
e insoluble
neitherburnednordried
everlasting
presenteverywhere
unchangeable
immovable
Eternallythes
a
m
e
invisible
inconceivabl
e immutable
25
25
24
182. Text – 26
AtheisticArguments:Soulisalwaysbornanddiesforever.
26
Following Points are Addressed
1 Lord Krishna tells even if Arjuna believes that life is combination of Matter, there is no reason to
lament since no one laments for the destruction of lump of Chemicals and stop performing their
prescribed duties.
2 If there were no rebirth for the soul, Arjuna had no reason to be afraid of being affected by sinful
reactions due to his killing his grandfather and teacher
3 Maha-bahuh – Mighty bowman :b/cArjuna did not accept these bogus theories.
lokayatikas
Vaibhasikas
LifeSymptomis
combinationof
Matter
(Combinationof
Physicaland
ChemicalElements)
Modern
Scientists
183. Text – 27
BirthandDeathCycle
27
FollowingPointsareAddressed
1 Cycle of birth and death does not mean one can kill unnecessarily, Violence is required if
the Dharma has to be protected.
2 If Arjuna does not fight for Dharma he would go for wrong course of action (not
performing his duty), hence subjected to sinful reaction.
Soultake
acceptsNew
Body(Birth)
Death(Body
isoldand
useless)
Basedonthe
pastdesiresand
whatsoul
deserve
Acts on the
basis of
desire
(Karma)
Liberation
184. Text – 28
BirthandDeathCycleContinued….
28
Do not believe
in existence of
Soul (Atheist)
Believes in
existence of
Soul
Material
Existence
Unmanifested
Stage
Before creation
Ether Air Fire Water Earth ManyVarieties
of Creation
Creation Manifest
ed
Stage
Annihilation
Lord Krsna’s
argument is
what is there to
lament
185. Text – 29-30
SoulisAmazing(look(see),describe,hear)
29
Somelook on the
soul as Amazing
SomePeople who
areAmazing look
on the Soul
Somelook on the
Soul which is
Amazing
Looking is Amazing
Peopleare Amazing
Soul is Amazing
Somedescribe the
soul as Amazing
SomePeoplewho are
Amazing describe on
the Soul
Some people
describe the Soul
which is Amazing
Describing is
Amazing
Peopleare
Amazing
Soul is
Amazing
Somehear about
Amazing soul
SomePeople who
areAmazing hear
about the Soul
Somehearabout
the Soul which is
Amazing
Soul is Amazing
Peopleare Amazing
Hearing is Amazing Soul
samesize
Amazing
30
Soulcannotbekilled,
thereforeneedtogrieveand
Performyourduty
186. Text – 30
30 SoulcannotbekilledsoPerformyourduty
AnalogyforUnnecessaryViolenceisnotJustified
JudgeAwarding Capital Punishment SurgeonperformingOperation
188. Summary- Section - C
Verse2.31 to 2.38
KARMAKANDA --fight!forgainsc
o
m
efromdutifully
fightingandlossesc
o
m
efromnotfighting
31-38 If Arjuna dies in battle he will be
promoted to heaven, andif he wins
the battle, he will rule the earth.
Dishonor will overcome him if he
leaves the battlefield.
192. Text – 38…
NiskamaKarmabasedonJnanaorBhakti
Karmakanda
Niskama Karma
Buddhi Yoga
Yoga of Intelligence
Jnana
38
SectionB..
SectionC..
SectionD..
Jnana + Karma
Performing Duty in
Knowledge without
attachment to results
(Fruits).
Detachment b/cof knowledge
that we arenot this body
Niskama Karma
Buddhi Yoga
Yoga of Intelligence
Perform Duty
(In Knowledge)
Material
Detachment
(Not attachedtoresults)
Perform Duty
(In Knowledge)
Material
Detachment &
Spiritual Attachment
Advances
towards
Liberation
Results offered
to Krsnawith
Love &
Devotion
Bhakti
Advances towards
Pure Love for Krsna
193. Summary- Section - D
Verse2.39to2.53
BUDDHI-YOGA(NISKAMAKARMA)--fight! but
withoutanyreaction
39-41
47-51
If Arjuna fights without being attached to the
result of his fighting, fighting simply because it
is Krsna's desire, with his mind focused on
Krsna and in full resolve, his fighting will bring
no sinful reaction.
42-46
52-53
Arjuna should rise above the "good andbad"
of the Vedic formulas by knowing that the
purpose of the Vedas is to serve Krsna.
194. Understanding Srila Prabhupada’s Vision
Niskama Karma
Buddhi Yoga
Yoga of Intelligence
Working
without
material desires
SPdefines this
asKrsna
Consciousness
Performing Duty in
Knowledge without
attachment to
results (Fruits).
Gradually
understand that
there is Supreme
Spirit Soul
Knowledge
(Jnana) We are
not this body
but Spirit Soul
Understand3
different features
of Supreme Soul
Surrender
to Lord
Krishna’s
Lotus Feet
Gradual Process Direct Process
Accept Lord Krsna as
SPOG, Fix Mind on
Lord Krsna, Perform DS
Gradually
Detach
Gradually
Attain
Knowledge
Attain Lotus
Feet of Krsna
Recommended
195. Text – 39
LorddescribesNiskamaKarma(BuddhiYoga)
39
Sankhya Yoga
Nirukti-Something
described in Details
ByAtheistKapila
Not by Lord Kapila deva
AtheisticSankhya
Supreme Lord (purusa)
is Active and creates
Material World
(prakriti) by his glance
and impregnates
individual soul (living
entities.)
LordKapilatoMother
DevahutiinSB Analytical Study of Body
& Soul (Material
World)
Acceptedby
BG& Vedas
Living Entities(prakriti)
areworking in the
Material World for sense
gratification, underspell
of Maya, thinking to be
enjoyer.
Lastsnare of Maya,
where living entity
wantsto merge with
Supreme Lord
AfterManyManybirths
living entities
surrendersto Supreme
Lord Vāsudeva
Arjuna’s
reasons for not
fighting war
wasSense
Gratification
Therefore Lord
Explained that
SoulisEternal
Happiness
derivedfrom
conquering
them
Happiness
derivedfrom
seeing kinsmen
alive.
Sense
gratification
Buddhi (Intelligence) Yoga
KarmaYoga, Niskama
Karma(Working inKC)
Working for
Sense
Gratification of
the Lord
Devotional
Service (Bhakti)
Direct communion with
Lord (Paramatma)
BG 10
Devotional
Service (Bhakti)
Bythe grace of
Lord
Transcendental
Understandingby
which they can go
back to Godhead
Further Lordexplains
Doesnot
Takeplace
without
attains
Whenone
performs
196. Text – 39…
DifferencebetweenSankhya(Inactive)& BuddhiYoga(NK)Working
39
Sankhya Yoga
Analytical Study Material
Body
Inactive way
RenounceWork
Using Intelligence
& Discriminating
power
Contemplate on
the fact that we
are soul and not
the body
Transcendental
Knowledge
(Jnana)
Niskama Karma
Buddhi Yoga
Yoga of Intelligence
SectionD..
Working without
Fruitive Results
Acting in such
Knowledge
Free from
bondage of
Reaction
Knowledge
Act
+
Transcendental
Knowledge
Working in the
Consciousness of
Renunciation,not
Renouncing
Activity
Inactivity
Soul
Activity
Major Theme of Bhagavad Gita
Section B.. Jnana (TK)
Verse 11-30
197. Text – 40-41
LordexplainsactinginBuddhiYogaisbeneficial& Vyavasayatmika Buddhi
40
Buddhi(Intelligence)
Yoga
KarmaYoga,Niskama
Karma(WorkinginKC)
Acting for Krsna
without expectation of
SenseGratification,
Little advancement is
beneficial
Ithas permanent effect,
not lost unlike Material
things and performer
startsfromsamepoint
he left in last life.
because
Gets birth in
Brahmanaor
Aristocratic family.
(NotAnimallife)
Savesfrom
Most
Dangerous
fear
StrongFaiththatbyKC
onewillbeelevatedto
Highestplatform
VyavasayatmikaBuddhi
(ResoluteinKC)
Faith:Unflinching
TrustinSomething
sublime
WhenengagedinKC,
neednotactin
Materialrelationship
AllactivitiesinKCis
absolute(noduality:
good,bad)
HighestPerfectionin
KCisRenunciation
ofMaterial
conceptionofLife
Gradually
achievedby
workingin
KC
Vasudeva sarvam iti
sa mahatma su-
durulabah (IfKrsnais
satisfiedeveryoneis
satisfied)
DevotionalServiceto
Krsnashouldbe
performedunder
BonafiedSpiritual
Master
SMissatisfied
Krsnaissatisfied
ByKnowledge PracticalKnowledge
ofSoulbeyond
ConceptionofBody
No
Knowledge
Minddivertedby
variousfruitiveacts
41
199. Text – 42-44
MenwithlessKnowledgeattractedbyflowerywordsofVedas& Result
Vedas
Sama,Rig,Yajur,
Atharva(BG9.20)
Jnana-Kanda
Upasana-Kanda
Karma-Kanda
Philosophical
Knowledge
Howto Worship
Lordand Devataas
Howto improve
Material Happiness
People who are Not
intelligent due to
Ignorance
Attached to Furtive
(Sense Gratification)
Activities
Gets attracted to the
Sacrificesmentioned
in Vedas
Performssevere
austeritiesto achieve
Heavenly planets
Good Birth
Heavenly
Planets
Power
Women
Wine (Soma)
Sense
Gratification
SenseGratification
(Sense Enjoyment)
MaterialOpulences
(Opulent Life)
Desirousof
Nothing
morethan
this
Resolute
determinationfor
devotionalservice
toSupremeLord
doesnottakeplace
42 43
44
Mind
Attached
Mind attached b/c of
Lack of Knowledge
& hencebewildered
200. Text – 45
Vedasdealswithsubjectof3modes,becomeTranscendentalto3Modes
3Modesof
MaterialNature
(Gunas)
SattvaGuna
Rajo-Guna
Tamo-Guna
Furtive (Sense
Gratification)
Activities
Vedas deals with
Fruitive Activities
Material
Activities
Base
d
on
VedantaPhilosophy
(Beginswith
BrahmaJijnasa)
Upanishads
45 SattvaGuna
Passion
Ignorance
Action &
Reaction
Gradually
elevate
Material
Platform
Transcendental
Platform
Veda
s
FortheSuffering
LivingEntities,Lord
presentsinfoin
Vedas
Processtoachieve
Liberationfrom
CycleofBirth&
Death
Transcendental
Position(Fully
dependentonwillof
Krsna)
from
to
201. Composed by sages
Wording may change from age
toage
Revealed absolute
Truth Every word
unchanged eternally
sister
s
sister
s
sister
s
Rajasic
VEDIC KNOWLEDGE
SRU
TI
SMR
TI
UPAVED
AS
Dhanurved
a
Ayurveda,
etc.
VEDAS
Rg, Yajur,
Sama,
Atharva
VEDANG
AS
Itihasa
s
Purana
s
Six
Darshanas
Tantras
Spoken by
Lord Siva to
Parvati
Ritual
Sutras
Connected
to Kalpa-
vedanga
Pancaratr
as
Srauta Sutras
explains
public
yajnas
Grhya Sutras
explains
home
yajnas
Dharma
Sutras
Law books
Vedanta
(Vyasa)
(Metaphysi
cs)
theology of
Upanisads
Mimamsa
(Jaimini)
(Hermeneuti
cs)
interpreting
scriptural
texts
Nyaya
(Gautama)
(Epistemology,
logic)
philosophy of
knowledge
including logic
Vaisesika
(Kanada)
(Metaphysi
cs)
philosophy
of
existence
Yoga
(Patanja
li)
(Sadhan
a)
Sankhya
(Atheist
Kapila)
(Metaphysic
s)
Dharma
Sastras
including Manu-
samhita and
others
18
Major
18
Minor
Samhit
as
mantras
Brahmanas
ritual
explanation
of mantras
Aranyakas
esoteric
explanation of
mantras
Upanisa
ds
Jnana-
kanda
philosophy of
Brahman
Kalpa
ritual
details
Siksa
pronunciati
on
Vyakara
na
grammar
Nirukt
a
etymolo
gy
Chanda
s
meters
Jyotisa
astronomy-
time
calculation
Vaisna
va
worshi
p
Tamasic
Sattvic
Courtesy :
Tyaga Caitanya Das
202. Text – 46
Vedas
Peopleshould
understandreal
purposeofVedas
46
Revival of KC
(Relationship)is
highest
perfection of
Vedas
Shouldnotget
attachedto
rituals
Should notdesire
forheavenly
planetsforbetter
sensegratification
Relationship
PurposeofVedasistoUnderstandKrsna
Lord
Krsna
Self
Realization
Living
Entities
Purpose BG15.7
BG15.15
SB3.33.7
Difficulttofollow
alltheritualsin
Kaliyuga
Difficulttostudy
andfollowVedanta
Philosophy
EasiestProcessin
AgeofKaliis
SankirtanaYagna
prescribedbyLord
Caitanya
203. Text – 47
RightstoPerformDuties,Notresults,Neverthinkyourselfcausefor the
results,Neverabandonduties
47
Work
(Action)
Prescribed
Duties
(Karma)
Capricious
Work
(Vikarma)
InAction
Action basedon
one’s mode
acquired at birth
Not
perform
ing
prescribed
duties
Action
without
sanctionof
authorities
Action
(duty)
Results
(fruits)
PerformDuties
Cause of
Bondage and
Inauspicious
Attached to
Results
Responsible
for cause of
action
Enjoyer or
Sufferer for
Result of
Action
Attached
Routine
Work
Emergency
Work
Desired
Activity
Pathof
Liberation
Niskama Karma
Leadsto
Performasan
obligation without
desire for result -
Goodness
X
X
BG2.31
BG3.35
Therefore
204. Text – 47
KarmatoKarmaYogatoBhaktiYoga
47
Work
(Action, Activity)
Karma
Karma
Yoga
Attached to
Fruits of
Work
Detached
from Fruits
Detachment
comes from
Jnana
(knowledge)
Bhakti
Yoga
Results are
offered to Krsna
with Love &
Devotion
becomes becomes
when
Birth &
Death Cycle
result
Workingin
Detachment
Knowledge
ofSoul
Knowledge
ofLord
Knowledge
ofSurrender
totheLord
Thenone
surrenders
totheLord
Gradually
situated in
PremaBhakti
Art of
Working
205. Text – 48
PerformDutiesequipoisedwithoutattachmenttolossorgain,thisis Yoga
48
Action in
Yoga
Concentrate
Mind on
Supreme
Controlling
Senses
Following
Krsna’s
Instruction
Without
considering
Lossor gain
Krsna Real Yoga
by
Following Points are Addressed
1 Act According to Krsna’s instructions (will) (KC),
this is action in Yoga.
2 Bysuch ACTIONS ONLY one can give up senseof
false proprietorship and become servant of Krsna
or servant of servant of Krsna.
3 According to Varnasrama Dharma the aimis to
satisfy Vishnu or Krsna
206. Text – 49-51
KeepallabominableactivitiesfarawaybyengagaginginBuddhiYoga,Result
49
Buddhi Yoga
(Action in KC)
Devotional
Service
Understanding
self as eternal
servitor of Lord
Perform
Transcendental
Loving service to
the Lord
Connection to
Chapter 3.1
Free from
bondage of
Action/Reaction Pure
Love for
Krsna
Liberated from
Cycle of Birth &
Death (Birth, Death,
Old Age, Disease)
result
Kripanas
Misers
Desireto
enjoyfruitof
work
Entangledin
cycleofbirth
& death
Donotengage
Fruit ofwork
inserviceof
Lord
ArjunaUnderstood
Fightingthiswar
wouldbean
Abominable
Activity
Purificatory Process
Get rids of resultsof Good &
BadAction in this life which are
accumulated in many many
life's.
50
Artofallwork many sages
achieved
perfection
51
By following,
207. Text – 52-53
Whenintelligenceispurified,onedoesnotengageinVedicRituals
Veda
Revealed
Scriptures
52
Prayers3 Times
a day
Vedic
Rituals&
Rites
(for neophytes)
includes Taking Early
MorningBath
Offering respects
to forefather
Fruitative
Activities
GraduallyelevatingConsciousness
Devotees of
Lord
Eg.MadhavendraPuri
Indifferen
t to
Vedic
Rituals
Simplyperform
Transcendental
LovingService
(DevotionalService)
totheLord
Lord
Krsna
Relationship
Living
Entities
Transcendsthe
rangeof
Sabda-Brahma
(RangeofVedas&
Upanishads)
Mindnolonger
disturbedby
flowery
languageof
Vedas
Samadhi
Divine
Consciousness
53
Mindfixedin
tranceof
SELF
REALIZATION
Bhagavan
Paramatma
Brahman
Infull
Sam
adhi
209. Summary- Section - E
Verse2.54to2.72
STHITA PRAJNA --fight!b
e
c
o
m
efixedinKrsna Consciousness
54 Arjuna asks Krsna four questions about one whose consciousness is merged in transcendence:
Whatarehissymptoms?Howdoeshespeak?Howdoeshesit?Howdoeshewalk?
55 Whatarehissymptoms?(How does he reveal his position?) the self-realized soul has
renounced all tinges of sense gratification by finding pleasure in his self.
56-57 Howdoeshespeak?(How are his mentality and words affected by the affection, equanimity, or
anger of others?) Such apure soul is neither mentally disturbed, elated, attached, fearful, or
angry, and verbally he neither praises nor criticizes the good and evil he attains.
58-63 Howdoeshesit?(What is his mentality when his senses are restrained from their objects?)
Such aperson remains fixed in transcendental consciousness by virtue of his higher taste for
the service of Krsna. (2.59) Therefore, one should restrict one's senses from the sense objects
by focusing them on Krsna. Otherwise one will fall down into the material pool.
61-67 Howdoeshewalk?(How does he actually engage his senses?) Free from attachment and
aversion and satisfied in Krsna consciousness, he is fixed by his intelligence (64-65) and
achieves undisturbed peace by ignoring the desires of his mind. Thus, Internally renounced, he
acts in connection with the Supreme.
72 Conclusion : By living in this way, one can enter into the kingdom of God at the time of death.
210. Text – 54
54
SymptomsofSthita-Prajnaya:HowdoesheSpeak,Language,Sit& Walk?
Symptoms (55)
How does he reveals his position?
Speak, Language(56-57)
How does he react to actions of others?
Sit (58-59)
Mentality when senses arewithdrawn
fromsenseobjects, How is he situated?
Walk(61-67)
Engagehis senses
ParamparaExamples
Prajnaya- Intelligence
219. Text – 62-63
Process of Spiritual Fall down
Bycontemplating the
objects of the senses
(positively or negatively)
One develops attachment
for them
Which leads to lust
Unsatisfiedlust results
in anger
Then delusion
Then bewilderment
of memory
Thenlossofintelligence
Andthenonefallsdown
intogrossmaterial
existence
Feeling Stage
Thinking Stage
Willing and doing
Stage
Courtesy :
Tyaga Caitanya Das
222. Text – 69
ActivitiesofMaterialistandTranscendentalistarelikedayandnight
Livin
g
Entity
69
Two Classes
of
Intelligence
Material Activities
for Sense
Gratification
Introspective Sage
for Cultivation of
Self Realization
Activities are
based on Material
Sense Gratification
Activities for are
for Spiritual
Advancement
Activities are like
Day and Night
Not disturbed
by the demands
of the Senses
223. Text – 70
Mannotdisturbedbyincessant(indefinately)flowofdesireislikeOcean
Livin
g
Entity
As long as have
Material Body
Demands of
Body – Sense
Gratification
will continue
Engages his
senses in
service of Lord
Fully Satisfied by
Transcendental
Loving Service
Not disturbed
by such desires
Living Entity is
like Ocean,
desires flows in
but Undisturbed
Ocean
Rivers-Desires
Perfectly
Peaceful
Engages his
sense in Sense
Gratification
Unfulfilled
desires
Mind always
agitated
NOPEACE
Peaceful
70
Analogy – Mind of adevotee
224. Text – 71
PersonwhohasgivenupalldesiresforSenseGratification,False
ProprietorshipandFalseEgocanattainonlyattainPeace
Livin
g
Entity
71
Desire for
Sense
Gratification
Become
Desireless
Desire for
Krsna
Consciousness
Understand ones
actual position as
eternal servitor of
Krsna
Not falsely claim
proprietorship over
any Material things
Perfectional
stage of Krsna
Consciousness
Real
Desirelessness
No one can
artificially abolish
desires
Understand that
Krsnais the actual
Proprietor& use
everything is service
of Krsna
Attain
Perfect
Peace
Desire for the
Satisfaction of
Krsna
FalseEgo
FalseProprietorship
SenseGratification
225. Text – 72
ThisisthewaytoSpiritualLife;Onecanattainevenatthetimeofdeath
Srila Bhaktivinoda Thakura
Glimpses of
Bhakti Yoga
Detail discussion of
Jnana Yoga
Detail discussion of
Karma Yoga
Livin
g
Entity
Attain KC even
at time of death
Eg. Maharaj
Khatvanga
Nirvana
Ending Material
Life
Actual life begins
after completion
of Material Life
in this very life.
Brahma-Nirvana
Attaining KC in this
life
(Brahman Platform)
After end of life
GO BACK TO
GODHEAD
Perform
Devotional Service
to Krsna in this life
(Transcendental)
No difference (absolute)
Brahma-Stithi
Liberation from
Material bondage
(not on material platform)
BhagavadGita
Chapter-2
Contentsofthe
Gita Summarized
227. Krishna’s instructions toArjuna i.e.the philosophical teachings of the Bhagavad Gita, begin in this chapter.
Krishna provides asummaryof all the instructions of the BhagavadGita in this chapter. Bewildered and
perplexed asto the proper course of action, Arjuna submits himself asKåiñhëa'sdisciple andasks for
instruction.
Kåiñhëabegins Histeachings by presenting Säìkhya philosophy-the analytical study of matterandspirit. To
alleviate Arjuna's horror atthe thought of killing his relatives, Kåiñhëacontrasts the eternalityof the soul (the
real self) with the temporality of the material body (the soul's outer covering).
Then Krishna presents Karma-Kandaphilosophy, to convince Arjuna. Headvises him that if Arjuna dies in
battle he will bepromoted to heaven, andif he wins the battle, he will rule the earth. Dishonor will overcome
him if he leaves the battlefield.
Then Krishna advises that Arjuna's reasons for not fighting, although having some basis in Vedic scripture, miss
the higher purpose of the Vedas—specifically, to transcend materialcircumstance through yoga, which is the
artof all work. This artmeansto work in the mode of selfless service, without being attachedto the results of
his fighting, fighting simply because it is Krsna'sdesire, with his mind focused on Krsnaandin full resolve. By
acting in this way, the self realized souls do not get any sinful reaction, andareable to get out of the cycle of
birth and death.
Arjuna then asks about the nature of the self realized souls. The Lord explains, the self realized souls arefree
from desire to enjoy the senses, have asteady mind, indifferent from good & evil, have atastefor devotional
activities, andcontrol the senses by engaging themin the devotional activities. One who is not connected with
the supremeor not doing devotional activity can not have steady mind or peace or happiness. Bybeing thus
situated at the time of death, one can enter into the kingdom of God, which is the ultimate goal of life.
Summary – Chapter2
