Health

1. Image Of Medical Doctor;
Historical Aspects

2. Primitive Times
• Illness caused by supernatural
spirits and demons
• Tribal witch doctors performed
ceremonies to drive out evil
spirits
• Herbs and plants used as
medicine

3. Ancient Egyptians
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•
Earliest people to keep
health records
Identified diseases
Used medicine to heal
disease
Splinted fractures
Used bloodletting

4. Ancient Chinese
•
•
First to use acupuncture
therapies
Treated disease with
stone tools

5. Ancient Greeks
•
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Studied causes of disease
Hippocrates
– The “Father of
Medicine”
– Hippocratic Oath
• “Code of Ethics”
Aristotle
– Dissected animals

6. Ancient Romans
• First to organize medical care
• Early hospitals in homes
• Developed sanitation system
• Claudius Galen (129-199 AD):
– Dissection is key to understanding
body
– Could only dissect animals
– Used pulse as a diagnostic tool

7. Dark and Middle Ages (400 - 1400 AD)
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•
Study of medicine
stopped for over 1000
years
Medicine practiced in
monasteries and
convents

8. Dark and Middle Ages (400 - 1400 AD)
• Used herbal medicine

9. Plagues and Epidemics during the dark ages
• Bubonic Plague

10. Even today the plague is still remembered...
–“Ring around the
rosies,
–Pocket full of
posies,
–Ashes, Ashes, we
all fall down!”

11. The Renaissance (1400 - 1650 AD)
• Rebirth of Science
– Medical schools
– Study of the body
by dissection

12. • Leonardo da Vinci
– Studied and recorded the anatomy of the body
The Renaissance (1400 - 1650 AD)

13. The Renaissance (1400 - 1650 AD)
• The invention of the Printing Press
made books available to study.
Monks copying books in a Monastery prior
to the Renaissance

14. 16th and 17th Century
• William Harvey
– Pumping heart and circulation

15. 16th and 17th Century
• Anton van Leeuwenhoek
– Invented the microscope

16. 18th Century
• Benjamin Franklin
– Invented bifocals
because he had
trouble seeing
– Electricity
– Many more inventions

17. 18th Century
• Edward Jenner
– Vaccination for smallpox

18. 19th Century
• Ignas Semmelweiss
– Cause of childhood fever
– Instituted hand washing
– Died from a cut he received during an
autopsy

19. 19th Century
• Rene Laennec
– Invented the stethoscope

20. 19th Century
• Florence Nightingale
– First school of nursing
– Started during the Crimean War
– Made nursing an honorable profession

21. 19th Century
• Clara Barton
– Established the American Red Cross

22. 19th Century
• Louis Pasteur
– Microorganisms cause disease

23. 19th Century
• Joseph Lister
– The first doctor to use antiseptic during
an operation to prevent infection

24. 19th Century
• Robert Koch
• The “Father of Microbiology”

25. 19th Century
• Wilhelm Roentgen
– Discovered x-rays

26. 20th Century
• Sigmund Freud
– His studies were the basis of psychology
and psychiatry

27. 20th Century
• Alexander Fleming
– Discovered Penicillin

28. 20th Century
• Jonas Salk
– Discovered a “killed” polio virus vaccine

29. 20th Century
• Albert Sabin
– Used a “live” polio vaccine

30. 21st Century
• New approaches to medical
care are being discovered
every year
• People are taught more
about wellness, and learn
more about health care

31. The Medical Profession helps those you love!