3. RFID
RFID = Radio Frequency Identification
Electronic labeling and wireless identification of objects using radio
frequency
Tag carries with its information
a serial number
Model number
Color or any other imaginable data
When these tags pass through a field generated by a compatible reader, they
transmit this information back to the reader, thereby identifying the object
4. RFID components
A basic RFID system consists of these components:
A programmable RFID tag/inlay for storing item data;
Consisting of an RFID chip for data storage
an antenna to facilitate communication with the RFID chip
A reader/antenna system to interrogate the RFID inlay
Application software and a host computer system
5. RFID Tag
The RFID tag consists of an integrated circuit (IC) embedded in a thin film
medium.
Information stored in the memory of the RFID chip is transmitted by the
antenna circuit embedded in the RFID inlay via radio frequencies, to an RFID
reader
3 types
Passive
Semi-passive
Active
6. Types of RFID Tags
Active Tags
• Use a battery
• communicate over
distances of several
meters
Semi-passive Tags
• Contain built-in
batteries to power the
chip’s circuitry, resist
interference and
circumvent a lack of
power from the reader
signal due to long
distance.
• They are different from
active tags in that they
only transmit data at
the time a response is
received
Passive Tags
• Derive their power from
the field generated by
the reader
• without having an active
transmitter to transfer
the information stored
7. Applications
Frequency Appx. Read Range Data Speed Cost of
Tags
Application
Low Frequency (125kHz) <5cm
(passive)
Low High • Animal Identification
• Access Control
High Frequency (13.56
Mhz)
10 cm – 1m
(passive)
Low to Moderate Medium to
Low
• Smart Cards
• Payment (paywave)
Ultra High Frequency
(433, 868-928 Mhz)
3m -7m
(passive)
Moderate to High Low • Logistics and Supply Chain
• Baggage Tracking
Microwave (2.45 & 5.8
Ghz)
10m -15m
(passive)
20m – 40m
(active)
High High • Electronic toll collection (Autotoll)
• Container Tracking
Frequency of RFID tags in different applications
8. Current Applications
Application
Segment
Representative Applications Competitive Technologies Current Penetration Typical Tag Type
Access
Control
Doorway entry Other keyless entry technologies High Passive
Asset
Tracking
Locating tractors within a
freight yard
None Low Active
Asset
Tagging
Tracking corporate computing
systems
Bar Code Low Passive
Authenticati
on
Luxury goods counterfeit
prevention
Holograms Low Passive
Baggage
Tracking
Positive bag matching Bar Code, Optical Character
Recognition
Low Passive
POS
Applications
SpeedPass Credit Cards, Smart Cards, Wireless
Phones
Medium Passive
SCM
(Container
Level)
Tracking containers in
shipping terminals
GPS-based Systems Low Active
SCM (Pallet
Level)
Tracking palletized shipments Bar Code Minimal Active, Passive
SCM (Item
Level)
Identifying individual items Bar Code Minimal Passive
Vehicle
Identificatio
n
Electronic toll collection Bar Code, License plate, reader
systems
Medium Active, Passive
Vehicle
Immobilizers
Automotive ignition systems Other theft prevention
technologies
High Passive
Current Applications
11. Online Survey
Target: SME
Information: Opinion on RFID and its applications
Site:
http://qtrial.qualtrics.com/SE/?SID=SV_9N5UPRZuyuWtsk4
12. Survey Result
Logistics and Supply Chain
Management
20%
Pharmaceutic manufacturing
industries
15%
Library Management
21%
Inventory Control
10%
Document
Management
8%
Security
8% Customer Services
5%
Hotel Management
5%
Banking and Finance
5%
Social Services
3%
Other
18%
Types of industries that respondentsthink
it is possible to apply RFID technology
16. Conclusion
Positive
RFID is a contactless reading technology and can read through other materials
Hold more data than barcode does
RFID tags data can be changed or added
More effective, bring lots of convenience to us
Negative
Cost is relatively remain high (compare to barcode)
RFID signals may have problems with some materials
RFID standards are still being developed
