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Industria-Teknologia II
IES Mungia BHI, 2. Batxilergoa
1.1 Fluxu magnetikoaren kontzeptua
 S azalera unitate bat dugu edozein eremu (magnetiko,
elektriko edo grabitatorio) lerroekiko elkarzuta dena.
1.1 Fluxu magnetikoaren kontzeptua
 Fluxua (Φ), S azalera zeharkatzen duten indukzio
magnetikoaren lerro kopurua da.
 Unitatea Wb (Weber) = T (Tesla) x m2
 𝐵 = Eremu
magnetikoaren
bektorea
 𝑆= Azalera
bektorea
1.2 Indar elektroeragilea (i.e.e) – Faraday-en legea
 Espira batean induzituriko indar elektroeragilea
kalkulatzen da fluxuaren aldaketa dagoenean
denborarekiko.
𝐸 = −𝑁
𝑑Φ
𝑑𝑡
 N = induzituriko zirkuituaren espira kopurua.
 𝑑Φ /𝑑𝑡 = fluxu magnetikoaren aldakuntza denborarekiko.
1.2 Indar elektroeragile (i.e.e) induzitua eroale higikari
batean
 Eremu magnetiko batean l luzera duen eroale bat v
abiaduraz higitzen baldin bada, korronte elektriko bat
induzitzen du bere i.e.e honela kalkulatzen delarik:
1.2 Indar elektroeragile (i.e.e) induzitua eroale higikari
batean
 E= Induzitutako
i.e.e. (V)
 B = Eremu
Magnetikoa edo
Indukzioa (T)
 l = Eroalearen
Luzera (m)
 v = Eroalearen
abiadura (m/s)
1.2 Indar elektroeragile (i.e.e) induzitua eroale higikari
batean
 Eskuin eskuko legea:
2.1 Indar elektromagnetikoa
 Eroale batek zeharkatzen duen korrontea eremu magnetiko
baten eraginpean badago, indar magnetiko baten eragina
jasaten du.
𝐹 = B ∙ 𝑙 ∙ 𝐼 ∙ 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ∝
 B = indukzioa (T).
 l = eroalearen luzera (m)
 I = korronte intentsitatea (A)
 ∝ = eroalearen eta eremu magnetikoaren norabideek eratzen duten
angelua.
2.1 Indar elektromagnetikoa
 Ezker eskuaren legea:
2.1 Indar elektromagnetikoa
 Efektu honi esker motore elektriko gehienak funtzionatzen
dute.
2.2 Parea
 “r” erradioa duen eroale zilindriko birakari batean bagaude,
biraketa parea izango dugu:
𝑀 = 𝐹 ∙ 𝑟 = B ∙ 𝑙 ∙ 𝐼 ∙ 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ∝∙ 𝑟 = B ∙ 𝑆 ∙ 𝐼 ∙ 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ∝ [𝑛 ∙ 𝑚]
 𝑀𝑖(barne pare elektromagnetiko) = Pare osoa; eroale
guztien pareen batura.
 𝑃𝑖(potentzia elektromagnetikoa)  𝑃𝑖 = 𝑀𝑖 ∙ 𝑤

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Indukzio eta indar elektromagnetikoa

  • 2. 1.1 Fluxu magnetikoaren kontzeptua  S azalera unitate bat dugu edozein eremu (magnetiko, elektriko edo grabitatorio) lerroekiko elkarzuta dena.
  • 3. 1.1 Fluxu magnetikoaren kontzeptua  Fluxua (Φ), S azalera zeharkatzen duten indukzio magnetikoaren lerro kopurua da.  Unitatea Wb (Weber) = T (Tesla) x m2  𝐵 = Eremu magnetikoaren bektorea  𝑆= Azalera bektorea
  • 4. 1.2 Indar elektroeragilea (i.e.e) – Faraday-en legea  Espira batean induzituriko indar elektroeragilea kalkulatzen da fluxuaren aldaketa dagoenean denborarekiko. 𝐸 = −𝑁 𝑑Φ 𝑑𝑡  N = induzituriko zirkuituaren espira kopurua.  𝑑Φ /𝑑𝑡 = fluxu magnetikoaren aldakuntza denborarekiko.
  • 5. 1.2 Indar elektroeragile (i.e.e) induzitua eroale higikari batean  Eremu magnetiko batean l luzera duen eroale bat v abiaduraz higitzen baldin bada, korronte elektriko bat induzitzen du bere i.e.e honela kalkulatzen delarik:
  • 6. 1.2 Indar elektroeragile (i.e.e) induzitua eroale higikari batean  E= Induzitutako i.e.e. (V)  B = Eremu Magnetikoa edo Indukzioa (T)  l = Eroalearen Luzera (m)  v = Eroalearen abiadura (m/s)
  • 7. 1.2 Indar elektroeragile (i.e.e) induzitua eroale higikari batean  Eskuin eskuko legea:
  • 8. 2.1 Indar elektromagnetikoa  Eroale batek zeharkatzen duen korrontea eremu magnetiko baten eraginpean badago, indar magnetiko baten eragina jasaten du. 𝐹 = B ∙ 𝑙 ∙ 𝐼 ∙ 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ∝  B = indukzioa (T).  l = eroalearen luzera (m)  I = korronte intentsitatea (A)  ∝ = eroalearen eta eremu magnetikoaren norabideek eratzen duten angelua.
  • 9. 2.1 Indar elektromagnetikoa  Ezker eskuaren legea:
  • 10. 2.1 Indar elektromagnetikoa  Efektu honi esker motore elektriko gehienak funtzionatzen dute.
  • 11. 2.2 Parea  “r” erradioa duen eroale zilindriko birakari batean bagaude, biraketa parea izango dugu: 𝑀 = 𝐹 ∙ 𝑟 = B ∙ 𝑙 ∙ 𝐼 ∙ 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ∝∙ 𝑟 = B ∙ 𝑆 ∙ 𝐼 ∙ 𝑠𝑖𝑛 ∝ [𝑛 ∙ 𝑚]  𝑀𝑖(barne pare elektromagnetiko) = Pare osoa; eroale guztien pareen batura.  𝑃𝑖(potentzia elektromagnetikoa)  𝑃𝑖 = 𝑀𝑖 ∙ 𝑤