This Slides include Inflation and Unemployment of Sr Lanka, Venezuela which is facing an hyper inflation and South Africa which is facing a high Unemployment crisis.

1. SriLanka South Africa Venezuela

2. Sustained increase in the general level of
prices for goods and services in a county.

3. 2013
Slowdown in the price increase in the Non-food category.
Upward price revision of petrol, diesel, kerosene and bus fares on inflation was lower in 2013
than in 2012.
2016
Increase in prices of the items in the Food and Non Alcoholic Beverages category.
Prices in Clothing and Footwear, Furnishing, Household Equipment and Routine Household
Maintenance, Transport, Health, and Miscellaneous Goods and Services categories also
increased during the year.
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Inflation Rate 7.53 6.95 2.78 2.23 4
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
%
Average Annual Inflation Rate
-0.58 -4.17 -0.55 1.77
2014 & 2015
Prudent monetary management
Relatively stable exchange rate
Moderation in prices of both food and non-food imported items
Downward revisions in administered prices of electricity and water tariffs, LP Gas and fuel

4. 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Inflation Rate 5.67 6.22 6.05 4.58 6.33
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
%
Average Annual Inflation Rate
0.55 -0.17 -1.47 1.75

5. 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Inflation Rate 20.1 56.2 68.5 180.9 800
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
%
Average Annual Inflation Rate
HIGHEST INFLATION RATE

6. Prices of food and medicines reduced
But they were below the cost of production
Venezuelans stopped producing their own products
The government decided to import them from abroad, using oil money
But oil prices have been falling since 2014
Inability to pay for imports
Shortage of goods
Black market
The government exchange rate = 710 bolivars per US dollar.
But the black-market rate has risen to 4,283 bolivars for one dollar.
Finally government had to increase the number of bolivars

7. • Reduced imports - worsening the scarcity of goods.
• Raised the country’s minimum monthly wage - taking a risk of
increasing the already high inflation.
• Issuing bonds to obtain new funds at lower interest rates.
• Increased the price of gasoline for the first time in seventeen years.
• Devalued the national currency by more than 60% to reduce the
wide gap between the official rate and the black-market exchange
rate.
Inflation Rate in 2017 – 741%

8. Suggestions

9. Unemployment is a phenomenon that
occurs when a person who is actively
searching for employment is unable to find
work.

10. 4
4.4 4.3
4.7
4.4
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

11. •Asymmetry hypothesis of capabilities
•Awaiting for queue hypothesis
•Economical augment slowly
•Labor Market
Reason for unemployment in Sri Lanka
Suggestions to overcome the problem
Economic should rapidly grow
The law of labor should be flexible
Professional training
Increasing overseas jobs
Broadening foreign and local investments

12. 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Unemployment Rate 7.83 7.54 6.95 6.82 7.45
6.2
6.4
6.6
6.8
7
7.2
7.4
7.6
7.8
8
%
Average Annual Unemployment Rate
-0.29 -0.59 -0.13 0.63

13. 24.88 24.73
25.1
25.35
26.73
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Unemployment Rate
5,873 Mn People are UNEMPLOYED

14. •Low levels of education
•Lack of literacy, numeracy and communication skills
•Lack of work experience
•No sufficient financial resources to enable mobility to areas where there is
demand for labor
Reason for unemployment in South Africa
Measures takento overcome the problem
Targeting the formal education system
Post-school training
Public employment programs
Attempt at job placement programs
Entrepreneurship interventions
employment subsidy
Supply side
initiatives
Demand side
initiatives

15. Conclusion
Sri Lanka
Maintaining an overall average inflation and
unemployment rate.
South Africa
Stable inflation but facing a huge crisis due
to high unemployment rate.
Venezuela
Seriously in a crisis due to the Hyper
inflation situation, but have managed to
keep the inflation stable.