Anoop A Malayalam Ktct college of teacher education

1. KTCT COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION
Thottakadu P.O. Kaduvayil
ONLINE ASSIGNMENT
Subject : nc´c aqeynÀ®bhpw t{KUnwKpw
Submitted by,
Anoop. A
Optional Subject : Malayalam
Reg. No :

2. hnjbw : nc´c aqeynÀ®bhpw t{KUnwKpw
BapJw
¢mkv apdnbnse ]T{]hÀ¯§Ä F{Xam{Xw ^e{]Zambn F¶v aknem¡m³ FÃm t_m[ {]hÀ¯§fpw
aqeynÀ®b¯nv hnt[bamt¡ -Xp-v. tim[Iw (Test), am]w (Measurement), aqeynÀ®bw (Evaluation)
F¶nh ]ckv]c ]qcI§fmbn«mWv D]tbmKn¨phê¶Xv. F¶m ChsbÃmw AÀ° hym]vXnbn hyXykapÅhbmWv.
F¶m ChípX½n _Ôhpw kmayap-v.

3. aqeyn˨bw
am]t¯¡mÄ hnimeamb AÀ°w DÄs¡mÅp¶Xpw Asæn AXnt ¡mÄ DbÀ¶Xe¯nepÅXpamWv
aqeynÀ®bw. "hnZym`ymk am]¯nsâ khntijXIÄ' F¶ ]pkvXI¯n F_epw {^nkv_nbpw (1986) ]dbp¶Xv, tim[Is¯
am]¯nsâ D]LSI§fnsem¶mbpw, am]s¯ aqeynÀ®b ¯nsâ apt¶mSnbmbpw ImWWsa¶mWv. hnZy`ymk
e£y§fpsS ]qÀ¯oIcWw F{Xsb¶v Xoêamnç¶XmWv aqeynÀ®bw F¶mWv dmÂ^v, U»}. sSbveÀ (1950)
A`n{]bs¸Sp¶Xv. hnhc§Ä tiJcn¨v hniIew S¯n Xoêam§Ä FSpç¶Xpw hn[n {]kvXmhnç¶XpamWv aqeynÀ®bw
F¶mWv Ì^nÄ _ow (1927) sâ A`n{]mbw. hnZym`ymk e£y§Ä F{Xt¯mfw tXSnsb¶dnbp¶Xnëw AXneqsS
]Tmë`h§fpsS ^e{]m]vXn Is-¯p¶XnëapÅXmWv aqeynÀ ®bw F¶mWv F³.kn.C.BÀ.Sn (NCERT)
hyàamç¶Xv.
aqeynÀ®b¯nsâ khntijXIÄ
 hnZym`ymk¯nsâ hnhn[ L«§fnepÅ KpWnehmcw Dd¸phê¯pì aqeynÀ®bw.
 hnZym`ymk¯nse Hê XpSÀ{]{InbbmWv aqeynÀ®bw.
 ]TnXmhnsâ Bhiy§tfbpw hyàn hyXymk§tfbpw ]cnKWnç¶ XmWv aqeynÀ®bw.
 aqeynÀ®bw hnZym`ymk¯nsâ hnhn[ taJeIsf DÄs¡mÅpì.
 hnZym`ymk ^e{]m]vXn sa¨s]Sp¯mëÅ ^e{]m]vXnbmWv aqeynÀ® bw.

4. _©an³. Fkv. »qansâ A`n{]b¯nÂ
 hnZymÀ°nIfpsS Ignhnsbpw IgnhptISntbpw Xncn¨dnbp¶Xnëw, Znh tkbpÅ ]T{]hÀ¯§fneqsSIqSn
tSnb IgnhpIsf Afç¶ Xnëw
 hnZym`ymk ]ptcmKXn¡mhiyamb ]T{]hÀ¯§Ä nÀ®bnç¶Xnv
 Hê ]mT]c¼cbpsS Ahkmw hnZymÀ°nbpsS nehmcw Afç¶Xnv
aqeynÀ®b hn`mK§Ä
aqeynÀ®bs¯ s]mXpsh c-mbn Xncn¨ncnçì.
kwcNm aqeyn˨bw (Formative Evaluation)
t_m[t¯msSm¸w Xs¶ S¯p¶ aqeynÀ®bamWv kwcNm aqey nÀ®bw. A[ym]Isâ t_m[¯nëÅ Ignhpw
]T¯nëÅ hnZymÀ°nbpsS nehmchpw Htc kabw aknem¡m³ Ignbpì. t_m[¯nsâ CSthfbn seÃmw kwcNm
aqeynÀ®bw (Formative Evaluation) S¯pì. ]mTyhkvXp hnsâ ImTnyw Adnbmëw kwcNm
aqeynÀ®b¯neqsS Ignbpì.
AXym´nIaqeynÀ®bw(Summative Evaluation)
Hê ]mTyhkvXphnsâ Ahkm¯ntem Hê tImgvknsâ Ahkm¯ntem S¯p¶ aqeynÀ®bamWv BXym´nI
aqeynÀ®bw (Summative Evaluation) hnZymÀ°nbpsS sam¯¯nepÅ A[ymb nehmcw
aknemç¶XnmWv Cu coXn D]tbmKnç¶Xv. Øm Ibäw Âæ¶Xnëw, t{KUpIÄ Âæ¶Xnëw aäpw
ASnØmmbp]tbmKnç¶Xv AXym´nI aqeynÀ®bamWv.
aqeynÀ®b¯nse qX {]hWXIÄ
B[pnI Ime¯v nch[n amä§fmWv aqeynÀ®b¯n D-mbn«pÅXv. nc´chpw ka{Khpamb aqeynÀ®bw,
t{KUnwKv k{¼Zmbw, _uÔntIXc aÞe¯nsâ am]w, t]mÀ«v t^mfntbm aqeynÀ®bw, I¼}«dp]tbmKn¨pÅ
aqeynÀ®bw, tNmZy_m¦nsâ nÀ½nXn apXembhbmWv amä§Ä.
nc´chpw ka{Khpamb aqeynÀ®bw

5. ]TnXmhnsâ k¼qÀWamb hyànXz hnImkamWv hnZy`ymkw sIm-À °amç¶Xv. AXpsIm-v
aqeynÀ®bhpw AtX coXnbnepÅXmhWw. AhnsS bmWv nc´chpw ka{Khpamb aqeynÀ®b¯nsâ {]kàn. BZyIme
kvIqÄ hnZym`ymk ]cn]mSnIsfÃmw Xs¶ _u²nI taJeímWv {]m[myw ÂIn bnê¶Xv. F¶m C¶v _p²n]chpw,
sshImcnIhpw, ImbnIhpamb FÃm¯cw hnIk§Äçw km[yamæ¶ Xc¯nemWv ]T{]hÀ¯§Ä {IaoIcn¨ncn ç¶Xv.
AXpsIm-v Xs¶ AXnëkrXamb aqeynÀ®bhpw BhiyamWv.
_p²n]chpw, sshImcnIhpw, ImbnIhpamb hnImk§Ä hnebnê¯p¶ Xnv Gähpw AëtbmPyamb coXn
æ«nIsf nc´cw hnebnê¯pI FìÅ XmWv.enJnX ]co£ív ]pdta nco£W§fpw {]mtbmKnI ]co£Ifpw aäpw
Ahew_n¡mhp¶XmWv. æ«nIfpsS t{]mPÎpIÄ, skanmdpIÄ, tiJcW ]pkv XI§Ä, Assk³saâpIÄ, ]ehn[w
dnt¸mÀ«pIfpw nc´camb ]cntim[ív hnt[bam¡Ww.
aqeynÀ®bw ka{KamIWsa¦n Nne Imcy§Ä IqSn DÄs¸Sp¯Ww. A¡mZaob hnjb§fnepÅ {]hoWyw
am{Xw Af¶m AXv ka{KamhnÃ. AXnm æ«nIfpsS hyàn]camb khntijXIÄ, IemcwK§fnepÅ Ignhv, ImbnI
cwK§fnse anIhv, {]hÀ¯n ]cnNbw, kÀKmßIamb IgnhpIÄ XpS§n bhbpw IqSn aqeynÀ®bw St¯-XmhiyamWv.
FÃm taJeIsfbpw ka{Kambn hÀjw apgph³ XpSÀ¨bmbn aqeynÀ ®bw S¯pI
F¶mXmWnXpsIm-pt±inç¶Xv. nc´chpw ka{Khpamb aqey nÀ®bw F¶Xnse nc´chpw, ka{Khpw F¶ c-mib§Ä
]ckv]c _ÔnX §fpw ]ckv]c ]qcI§fpamWv.
t{KUnwKv k{¼Zmbw (Grading System)
nehnepÅ kvIqÄ hnZy`ymk k{¼Zmb¯nse Hê qX {]hWXbmWv t{KUnwKv. nc´chpw ka{Khpamb
aqeynÀ®b¯nsâ Bßmhv nenÂç¶Xv t{KUnwKv k{¼Zmb¯nemWv. aqeynÀ®bt¯mSë_Ôn¨v ]TnXmhnsâ A¡mZ
anI t«§sf amÀçIfnem¡n Npêç¶ {]{Inbbn n¶v t{KUnw§neqsä hfsc Zqcw apt¶m«v t]mbnêì. A¡mZanIhpw,
hyàn]chpw, kaqlyhpsam s¡bmb kn²nIfpsS aqeynÀ®bamWv St¡-Xv. F¦nte hnZy`ymksa¶ al¯mb Bib¯nsâ
e£yamb k¼qÀ® hyànXzw km[yamhq. A¡mZan Iamb hnebnê¯epIÄ hyànXz kn²nIfpsS ]cntim[tím hnebnê¯en
tm nZmamæ¶nÃ. Cu kn²nIsfmìw Xs¶ amÀçIÄ F¶ A¡§fn HXp §pìanÃ. hnZym`ymk cwK¯p h¶ Imeneamb
amä§Äs¡m¸w amÀçIÄ t{KUpIÄ¡v hgnamdnbXv aqeynÀ®b¯nse Hê mgnI¡Ãp Xs¶bmWv.

6. t{KUv F¶m {]XoIsa¶v kmcw. ]TnXmhnsâ aqeys¯ KWnXh¡cn ç¶Xnë ]Icw {]XoIhXvIcnçIbmWv
t{KUn§nÂ. æ«nIfpsS kn²nIÄ A¡§fpsS AÀ°anÃmbvabn nìw {]XoI§fpsS hn]pe AÀ°§fnteív t{KUn§neqsS
DbÀ¯s¸Spì. ]TnXmhnsâ A¡mZanIhpw A¡ZanIhpamb {]IS¯nsâ hym]vXnsb kqNn¸nç¶ kvtImdpIfpsS
CSthfbmWv t{KUpIÄ. FÃm t{KUn§v k{¼Zmb¯nepw s]mXphmb kvtImÀ CSthfIfp-mbncnçw. Cu
CSthfIÄ Bt]£nIambn "hfsc thKw' F¶ nehmc¯n n¶v "Gä hpw sa¨w' F¶À°w Zzn¸nç¶ {Ia¯neWv. Hmtcm
kvtImÀ CSthfbnepw B ]TnXmhnsâ Bt]£nI {]IS¯nv Hê {]XoIw Âæì. {]IS nehmc ¯nv ]e hyXyØ Xe§Ä
D]tbmKn¡mdp-v. 3 apX 11 hIt`Z§Ä hsc A,B,C,D,E F¶ {Ia¯n {]XoI§fmbn ÂImdp-v. {]IS nehmc ¯nsâ
hIt`Z§Ä IqSpw tXmdpw aqeynÀ®b¯nsâ IrXyXbpw IqSpì.
t{KUn§v ]ehn[¯n S¯mw
k¼qÀ® t{KUn§v
{]IS¯nsâ k¼qÀ®amb aqey nehmcw Hmtcm t{KUn§pw Âæ¶ XmWv Cu k{¼Zmbw. k¼qÀ®
t{KUn§v amZÞmëkrXamWv. ]TnXm¡fpsS {]IS nehmcw ap³Iq«n nÝbn¨ amZÞ§fpambn XmcXays¸Sp¯pì.
Bt]£nI t{KUn§v
Hmtcm ]TnXmhntâbpw nehmcw asämê {Kq¸nepÅ ]TnXm¡fpsS nehm chpambn X«n¨p tmç¶
{]{InbbmWnXv. AXpsIm-v C¯cw t{KUn§v {]IS nehmcs¯ ASnØmam¡nbpÅXmWv. ]TnXm¡fpsS Bt]£nI
nehmc¯n ëkcn¨v t{KUpIÄ sImSpçIbmWo k{¼Zmb¯n sN¿p¶Xv.
D]kwlmcw
]TnXmhnsâ k¼qÀ®amb hyànXz hnImkamWv hnZym`ymkw sIm-v
AÀ°amç¶Xv. AXpsIm-v aqeynÀ®bhpw AtX coXnbnepÅXmhWw. AhnsS bmWv nc´chpw ka{Khpamb
aqeynÀ®b¯nsâ {]kàn. BZyIme kvIqÄ hnZym`ymk]cn]mSnIsfÃmw Xs¶ _u²nI taJeímWv {]m[myw
ÂInbnê¶Xv. F¶m C¶v _p²n]chpw, sshImcnIhpw, ImbnIhpamb FÃm¯cw hnIk§Äçw km[yamæ¶ Xc¯nemWv
]T{]hÀ¯§Ä {IaoIcn¨ncnç¶Xv. AXpsIm-v Xs¶ AXnëkrXamb aqeynÀ®bhpw BhiyamWv.
klmb {KÙw

7. 1. amXr`mjm t_m[w
{]hWXIfpw coXnIfpw-
þ kn.Fw._nµp